船用微网发电系统的构建研究

为了给船用微网发电系统的设计和应用提供依据,有效提高清洁能源在船舶上的使用,参照陆用微网发电系统基本原理与组成,分析了船舶运行环境的特殊性,提出了船用微网发电系统的构建流程,并对关键技术进行了详细阐述。     

The effect of green time on stochastic queues at traffic signals

Many analyses of traffic signal queues use Webster and Cobbe's formula, which combines the net effect of the red/green cycle with a term representing stochastic effects, idealised as an M/D/1 queue process having random arrivals and uniform service. Several authors have noted that this component should depend not only on demand intensity but also on throughput capacity in each green period, although an extra empirical term may partially allow for this. Extending the service interval in M/D/1 (M = Markovian, i.e. random, D = deterministic, i.e. uniform, 1 = one server) enables the effect to be reproduced, but no exact expressions for its moments are found. Approximate formulae for the extended mean exist but are accurate only near saturation. The paper derives novel approximations for the equilibrium mean and also variance and utilisation, using functions linking traffic intensity with green period capacity. With three moments, equilibrium probability distributions can be estimated for which a method based on a doubly nested geometric distribution is described.     

Multicriteria evaluation on accessibility‐based transportation equity in road network design problem

This paper investigates the performance of accessibility‐based equity measurements in transportation and proposes a multiobjective optimization model to simulate the trade‐offs between equity maximization and cost minimization of network construction. The equity is defined as the spatial distribution of accessibilities across zone areas. Six representative indicators were formulated, including GINI coefficient, Theil index, mean log deviation, relative mean deviation, coefficient of variation, and Atkinson index, and incorporated into an equity maximization model to evaluate the performance sensitivity. A bilevel multiobjective optimization model was proposed to obtain the Pareto‐optimal solutions for link capacity enhancement in a stochastic road network design problem. A numerical analysis using the Sioux Falls data was implemented. Results verified that the equity indicators are quite sensitive to the pattern of network scenarios in the sense that the level of equity varies according to the amount of overall capacity enhancement as well as the assignment of improved link segments. The suggested multiobjective model that enables representing the Pareto‐optimal solutions can provide multiple options in the decision making of road network design. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

BCR改性乳化沥青1d储存稳定性影响因素分析

由不同方法生产的乳化沥青其性能有所不同。通过试验对BCR改性乳化沥青生产的技术要求、材料选取、掺配、数据分析几个方面进行分析,得知影响改性乳化沥青1d储存稳定性的因素有多个,设计时应该予以重点考虑。     

基于理性疏忽理论的交通疏散网络双层优化模型

研究交通网络疏散问题的文献较多,但鲜有基于理性疏忽理论来分析交通网络疏散问题的。本文考虑疏散网络交通状态的随机性和出行者信息处理能力的有限性,将交通状态信息成本内生化,建立基于理性疏忽理论的疏散网络双层优化模型。上层以系统总疏散时间最小为优化目标,将路段是否单行作为决策变量,下层建立基于理性疏忽理论的用户均衡模型。设计离散粒子群优化算法与逐次平均法相结合的启发式混合算法(DPSO-MSA),上层采用粒子群算法求解,将上层得到的单行策略传递给下层,下层模型采用MSA方法求解,将得到的路段交通量返回给上层。并通过算例验证模型的有效性。研究发现,最优单行策略要优于非单行策略和全单行策略,设计的算法可以快速识别疏散网络的关键路段。对于整个疏散系统而言,出行者获取的信息并不是越多越好。研究结果可以为疏散策略的制定提供参考依据。     

大瑶山1#隧道富水充填性溶洞施工技术

 介绍了武广铁路客运专线大瑶山一号隧道正洞施工至DK1909+624，进入F6断层时，掌子面发生大规模涌水涌泥，经观察隧道右侧为一巨型富水充填性溶洞，施工中严格按照“先探水、预注浆、再管棚、后开挖、径向补注浆、快衬砌”的总体施工原则组织施工，采取“排堵结合”的方法，安全、快速地通过了此溶洞。     

苦参碱可抑制Th17所诱导的角质形成细胞IL-17RA、IL-21R及IL-22R1的表达

目的考察苦参碱(matrine,Mat)对Th17诱导的角质形成细胞(keratinocytes,KC)系HaCaT细胞白细胞介素-17受体A(IL-17RA)、白细胞介素-21受体(IL-21R)及白细胞介素-22受体1(IL-22R1)表达的影响。方法培养HaCaT细胞,用Th17分泌的主要效应因子IL-17A(10ng/mL)、IL-21(10ng/mL)及IL-22(10ng/mL)联合刺激HaCaT细胞模拟类银屑病样细胞模型,再用10μg/mL及100μg/mL的Mat干预此细胞模型,采用RT-qPCR及Western blot方法检测IL-17RA、IL-21R及IL-22R1的表达变化。结果 IL-17RA、IL-21R及IL-22R1的mRNA及蛋白在HaCaT细胞上有表达。IL-17A、IL-21及IL-22联合刺激可以显著促进HaCaT细胞IL-17RA、IL-21RmRNA及蛋白表达,IL-22R1蛋白的表达量升高(P<0.05)。Mat单独干预或与上述细胞因子联合干预组与未处理的HaCaT细胞组相比,IL-17RA、IL-21R及IL-22R1表达无显著下降(P>0.05),但可以显著降低IL-17A、IL-21及IL-22联合刺激后所升高的受体蛋白表达(P<0.05)。结论 IL-17A、IL-21及IL-22联合刺激角质形成细胞可以增强IL-17RA、IL-21R及IL-22R1的表达,Mat可抑制这种增强作用,可能在多种Th17介导的免疫性皮肤病中发挥抗炎作用。     

DAPK1在弥漫性轴索损伤后大鼠脑组织中的表达及其与神经元凋亡的关系

目的探讨大鼠弥漫性轴索损伤(diffuse axonal injury,DAI)后神经元凋亡及死亡相关蛋白激酶1(DAPK1)表达变化,为临床治疗提供新的靶点及治疗时间窗。方法 40只SD成年雄性大鼠随机分为对照组(n=8)和DAI组(n=32)。DAI组选用大鼠头颅瞬间旋转装置制备DAI模型,分为6h、24h、72h、7d组共4个亚组(n=8)。各组在造模前及处死前采用改良神经功能缺损评分(mNSS)对大鼠神经功能进行评分;同时将各组大鼠一半用于Western bolt检测大鼠胼胝体、脑干组织内DAPK1表达情况;另一半用于TUNEL检测大鼠脑组织内神经元细胞凋亡情况。结果 DAI后大鼠均出现明显体质量下降、神经功能缺失;DAI后6h组大鼠胼胝体、脑干组织可见DAPK1蛋白表达明显升高,并出现明显神经元细胞凋亡,DAI后24h组DAPK1表达及神经元细胞凋亡均到达高峰值,DAI后72h、7d组表达开始下降,仍明显高于对照组。结论 DAI后出现神经功能缺失、体质量下降,可能与损伤后DAPK1表达及神经元细胞凋亡有关,二者在损伤后24h一致性达到高峰;提示DAPK1抑制剂药物治疗时间窗为伤后24h。     

沥青路面层间粘结强度现场检测及影响因素分析

通过对沥青路面面层与基层层间、面层层间进行现场粘结强度试验,分析了地表温度、粘层油、铺筑时长等因素对沥青铺装层层间粘结强度的影响,提出了提高层间粘结强度的相关建议.