聚苯胺/牛血清白蛋白/钙钛矿纳米复合材料的制备及表征

在水溶液中,以粒径在26.4～29.6 nm的La0.7Ca0.3Fe0.25Co0.75O3纳米晶体复合氧化物为母体构造出苯胺/牛血清蛋白/La0.7Ca0.3Fe0.25Co0.75O3复合物.牛血清白蛋白和苯胺单体在溶液中组装到La0.7Ca0.3Fe0.25Co0.75O3纳米晶体表面,从而使得吸附牛血清蛋白的La0.7Ca0.3Fe0.25Co0.75O3纳米晶体表面包裹了一层苯胺,以苯胺/牛血清蛋白/La0.7Ca0.3Fe0.25Co0.75O3复合物为前驱体通过进一步化学氧化得到聚苯胺/牛血清蛋白/La0.7Ca0.3Fe0.25Co0.75O3复合材料.利用紫外-可见光谱研究了牛血清蛋白和苯胺的相互作用,用IR、EDS和SEM对复合材料进行表征.结果表明：苯胺影响了牛血清蛋白的α-螺旋程度,导致牛血清蛋白的最大吸收波长发生变化.复合材料具有较强的中红外吸收,呈连续网状结构.     

Mechanical model and characteristics of deep-water drilling riser-wellhead system under internal solitary waves

Internal solitary waves with a huge amount of energy easily trigger the large dynamic responses of riser-wellhead system and threaten its structural safety. However, previous studies have only focused on the dynamic response of the riser under internal solitary waves. The riser may experience excessive traction from the platform, especially from the mooring platform, in response to the arrival of internal solitary waves. The bottom of the riser connects to the wellhead system, which in turn exerts a reaction force on the riser. To address this problem, a coupled dynamic model of deep-water drilling mooring platform-riser-wellhead system under internal solitary waves is developed in this paper. A dynamic response analysis method based on the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and finite element method is also proposed for the mooring platform-riser-wellhead system. A dynamical solver for the coupled system is then developed using MATLAB. The dynamic response characteristics of the riser-wellhead system under internal solitary waves are calculated. Results show that the displacement and bending moment of the system initially increases and then decreases along with the propagation of internal solitary waves, and finally reach equilibrium position. The displacement and bending moment reach their peak before the trough of internal solitary waves passes through the riser-wellhead system. The dynamic responses of the riser-wellhead system under the influence of internal solitary wave loads are much larger than those without the effect of internal solitary wave loads. The riser system experiences shearing loads at the interface of internal solitary waves, which trigger a step-like bending moment variation. The bending moment of the conductor under the mudline is greatly increased by the internal solitary waves.     

Design and model test of a soft-connected lattice-structured floating solar photovoltaic concept for harsh offshore conditions

Various types of floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) devices have been previously proposed, designed and constructed with applications primarily limited to onshore water bodies or near-shore regions with benign environmental conditions. This paper proposes a novel FPV concept which can survive harsh environmental conditions with extreme wave heights above 10 m. This concept uses standardised lightweight semi-submersible floats made of circular materials as individual modules. The floating modules are soft connected with ropes to form an FPV array. We first present the conceptual design of the floats and the connection systems, including hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and structural assessments of the floats. To verify the motion response performance, we carried out 1:60 scaled model tests for a 2 by 3 array under regular and irregular wave conditions. From the time series and response spectra, the motion characteristics of the array and the mooring responses are analysed in detail. The proposed concept exhibits excellent performances in terms of modular motions with limited wave overtopping and no contact is observed between adjacent modules under the extreme wave conditions. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable reference to developing reliable and cost-effective FPV technologies for offshore conditions.