Fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control for the automobiles’ active suspension system

Two typical criteria for good vehicle suspension performance are their ability to provide good road handling and increased passenger comfort. The main disturbance affecting these two criteria is terrain irregularities. Active suspension control systems reduce these undesirable effects by isolating car body motion from vibrations at the wheels. This paper describes fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control (AFC) schemes for the automobile active suspension system (ASS). The design objective is to provide smooth vertical motion so as to achieve the road holding and riding comfort over a wide range of road profiles. The efficacy of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated via simulations. With respect to the optimal linear quadratic regulator (LQR), it is shown that superior results have been achieved by the AFC.     

Estimating the influence of common disruptions on urban rail transit networks

With the continuous expansion of urban rapid transit networks, disruptive incidents—such as station closures, train delays, and mechanical problems—have become more common, causing such problems as threats to passenger safety, delays in service, and so on. More importantly, these disruptions often have ripple effects that spread to other stations and lines. In order to provide better management and plan for emergencies, it has become important to identify such disruptions and evaluate their influence on travel times and delays. This paper proposes a novel approach to achieve these goals. It employs the tap-in and tap-out data on the distribution of passengers from smart cards collected by automated fare collection (AFC) facilities as well as past disruptions within networks. Three characteristic types of abnormal passenger flow are divided and analyzed, comprising (1) “missed” passengers who have left the system, (2) passengers who took detours, and (3) passengers who were delayed but continued their journeys. In addition, the suggested computing method, serving to estimate total delay times, was used to manage these disruptions. Finally, a real-world case study based on the Beijing metro network with the real tap-in and tap-out passenger data is presented.     

客运专线自动售检票系统设计探讨

自动售检票系统是最大程度地方便车站旅客购票、检票，减轻售票员的劳动强度，减少车站定员，并为客运公司提高客票业务综合管理水平。本文介绍了系统设置原则、系统构成、系统功能、票制票务管理、电源及接地。     

对自动售检票系统进行风险评估的探讨

自动售检票(AFC)系统作为地铁运营体系的核心部分,其信息的安全性需要得到充分保证.深圳地铁为了提升AFC系统的安全性,建立了信息安全管理体系.结合该体系建立过程,对风险评估的流程和重点进行了探讨.风险评估是在对AFC系统的资产、威胁和脆弱性进行详细的识别和估值后,再计算风险值,得出了系统中一系列存在风险的业务范围和较全面的安全需求.     

Large-scale transit market segmentation with spatial-behavioural features

Transit market segmentation enables transit providers to comprehend the commonalities and heterogeneities among different groups of passengers, so that they can cater for individual transit riders’ mobility needs. The problem has recently been attracting a great interest with the proliferation of automated data collection systems such as Smart Card Automated Fare Collection (AFC), which allow researchers to observe individual travel behaviours over a long time period. However, there is a need for an integrated market segmentation method that incorporating both spatial and behavioural features of individual transit passengers. This algorithm also needs to be efficient for large-scale implementation. This paper proposes a new algorithm named Spatial Affinity Propagation (SAP) based on the classical Affinity Propagation algorithm (AP) to enable large-scale spatial transit market segmentation with spatial-behavioural features. SAP segments transit passengers using spatial geodetic coordinates, where passengers from the same segment are located within immediate walking distance; and using behavioural features mined from AFC data. The comparison with AP and popular algorithms in literature shows that SAP provides nearly as good clustering performance as AP while being 52% more efficient in computation time. This efficient framework would enable transit operators to leverage the availability of AFC data to understand the commonalities and heterogeneities among different groups of passengers.     

NFC技术在AFC系统中的安全研究

介绍NFC技术在地铁票务中的典型应用。NFC技术在天然保密性、双向鉴权和对原AFC系统改动少等方面具有一定的优势,但其同时在通信、设备、软件和所在环境方面也具有一定的安全隐患。分析NFC在内部传输、软硬件及环境方面的安全威胁,提出手机端软件技术改进方法和后台使用数据风险监控三级预警方法,采用双重安全机制以规避安全威胁,确保NFC技术在地铁应用中的收益安全,尽可能地避免收益漏洞。     

AFC系统可配置数据\服务交换平台的思考

针对当前网络化进程中自动售检票(AFC)系统升级改造带来的功能分配、子系统分布重定位等问题,指出功能软件灵活部署的关键在于可方便地获取支撑软件的基础数据和信息,提出AFC系统可配置数据/服务交换平台的概念。通过对AFC系统数据传输需求的分析,确定可配置数据/服务交换平台所需具备的功能,并基于此对平台的系统架构进行设计,并将该平台应用于南京地铁AFC工程建设。     

城市轨道交通售检票系统系列票卡的兼容

为避免社会资源浪费,苏州轨道交通售检票系统在设计和网络化建设中应用兼容了1998年IC卡规范的苏州通卡和2005年IC卡规范的苏州市民卡,在建设过程中采取减少票卡处理时间、复用票卡数据位、简化数据记录制式、制定统一处理流程、调整天线射频参数等技术,逐步解决兼容和区分新老规范票卡、统一读写器的产品、统一票卡处理流程、实现线网内各票卡互联互通等问题,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。     

地铁闸机通行逻辑控制的设计

分析了通行逻辑控制技术在地铁闸机实际运营中的作用,对比分析了各种闸机设备的性能和优缺点,介绍了通行逻辑控制系统的设计原则、设计方法,以及闸机上传感器的布置原则和方法.通过一种基于传感器输出状态的组合逻辑变化来实现通行逻辑识别,通过对通行逻辑的分析与研究,完成了通行逻辑控制的设计.     

城轨交通自动售检票系统架构体系研究

讨论城市轨道交通自动售检票（AFC）系统的基本架构及其体系的演变,认为架构设置是否合理不仅影响到AFC系统自身的发展,甚至会对城市轨道交通能否顺利实现多线路网络化高效运营起到决定性作用。在目前常用的AFC系统层标准架构体系的基础上,综合考虑城市轨道交通的不同运营模式、管理体系、新技术引入、线路接入等因素,详细分析基于合并线路中心与清分中心、多线路中心、区域中心以及设备嵌入层的多种AFC系统架构体系,指出不同城市可以根据其自身特点与未来规划灵活设置AFC系统架构方案,为轨道交通的网络化运营与发展打好基础。