Multi-objective optimization for asphalt pavement maintenance plans at project level: Integrating performance,cost and environment

Traditionally, asphalt pavement maintenance mainly considers pavement performance and cost and largely ignores the environment while substantial amount of environmental burdens are released in the process. In this study, a multi-objective optimization model was developed integrating the three elements in order to optimize the asphalt pavement maintenance plans at the project level. Pavement performance element was decided as the multiplier of pavement serviceability index and traffic volume. Cost element was represented by the net present value, including components of agency cost, vehicle operation cost and salvage value. Environmental element, integrating energy consumption, global warming potential, acidification potential and respiratory effects potential, was measured by the life cycle assessment model. A hypothetic asphalt pavement maintenance case study was conducted using the developed multi-objective optimization model and harvested 103 sets of feasible combinations of maintenance plans, each of which is non-dominated by the others. Trade-offs analysis was performed among the three objectives and visualized in both two- and three-dimension forms. It is found there is an opportunity of reducing the cost and environmental impacts to 80.3% and 77.8% and increasing the pavement performance to 146.6% compared to the base case. However, they are mutually compromised and cannot be reached simultaneously. The developed model reveals the quantitatively interactive relationship of the three objectives and helps optimize the asphalt pavement maintenance plans.     

高速铁路路基全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构

提出1种高速铁路路基全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构,基于该结构工作状态,分析其主要功能特性,设计碾压密实高模量沥青混凝土。将全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构应用于工程试验段,跟踪监测其服役特性。结果表明:试验段轨道结构及路堤基床动力性能均满足规范限值要求;试验段基床含水量维持在8%~18%,受天气影响小,而邻近的纤维混凝土对照段基床含水量为10%~35%,随天气波动显著;试验段沥青混凝土的吸热作用,使得路肩处基床温度较对照段大;试验段路基竖向变形监测值较对照段稍大,但均满足限值要求;试验段沥青混凝土与底座等接触情况良好,无松散剥落等病害,仅在底座板接缝处有数条裂缝,而对照段出现较多的纵横向裂缝,严重影响其防水封闭效果;沥青混凝土修补方便,可维护性高。     

Short-term statistics of ice loads on ship bow frames in floe ice fields: Full-scale measurements in the Antarctic ocean

Ship operation and ice loading in floe ice fields have received considerable interest during recent years. There have been several numerical simulators developed by different institutes which can simulate ship navigation through floe ice fields and estimate ship performance and local ice loads. However, public data obtained from full-scale measurement covering comprehensively ship performance and ice loads under various ice thicknesses, concentrations and floe sizes are rare. The 2018/19 Antarctic voyage of the Polar Supply and Research Vessel (PSRV) S.A. Agulhas II gathered considerable data of the ship in floe ice fields under various thicknesses, concentrations, and floe sizes. The aim of this paper is to carry out statistical analysis to seek suitable probability distributions which adequately fit the measured ice load and therefore suitable to be used as parent distributions for long-term estimation. For this aim, three categories of probability distributions, namely standard distributions, truncated distributions and mixture distributions are tested. It is found that truncated distributions can fit the load data better than standard distributions bounded at the threshold. In addition, mixture distributions are shown to have promising features, which fit the data well and are able to separate distribution components. Subsequentially, the well-performed distributions are used as parent distributions to make long-term load estimations. The estimation results demonstrate that long-term estimations are sensitive to the selection of parent distribution, which addresses the importance of finding correct distribution to model short-term ice loads. The data of ten selected cases will be published for the use of other researchers.     

沥青路面就地热再生技术特点及工艺

从就地热再生技术的原理出发,分析了就地热再生技术的特点及适用条件,讨论了就地热再生技术的施工工艺流程以及施工质量的保证措施。     

沥青混凝土转运车在沥青混凝土路面施工中的作用

分析了传统沥青混合料在摊铺、碾压施工中的局限性,介绍了沥青混凝土转运车施工实例及施工工艺并提出使用转运车有待改进的问题。     

半刚性基层沥青路面反射裂缝防治措施探讨

反射裂缝是半刚性基层沥青路面的主要病害之一,它不仅降低路面的使用性能,影响行车舒适性,而且也影响到路基的强度和稳定性。笔者在介绍反射裂缝概念基础上,简要叙述了反射裂缝形成机理及扩展规律的几种理论。针对裂缝形成机理,笔者总结出几种防治反射裂峰的措施。     

SBS改性沥青及Bonifiber纤维对混合料高低温性能影响的对比研究

根据对70#沥青及SBS改性沥青混合料掺加0.25%博尼维纤维后的试验,对比分析了70#沥青混混合料、SBS改性沥青混合料、掺加纤维的70#沥青混合料和掺加纤维的SBS改性沥青混合料的高温稳定性和低温抗裂性能。结果表明,SBS改性沥青的车辙因子远高于70#沥青胶结料,应用SBS改性沥青和博尼维纤维能够大幅提高混合料的高温性能,对其他路用性能也有一定改善,博尼维纤维具有良好的推广价值。     

聚酯纤维对沥青混合料路用性能影响分析

聚酯纤维作为一种良好的沥青混合料添加材料,在沥青路面中已开始应用。结合工程实例试验分析了掺加聚酯纤维后对沥青混合料性能的影响。     

沥青混合料密度试验方法合理选择研究

以数理统计方法为理论计算依据、相关系数作为判断指标，分别采用表干法、水中重法和蜡封法对不同级配的SMA沥青混合料进行测试，通过综合考虑空隙率、吸水率与密度的相关性优劣，来确定与不同级配的SMA沥青混合料相适应的密度试验方法。为沥青混合料密度试验方法的合理选择提供了理论依据和判断标准。     

SBR胶乳改性乳化沥青稀浆封层技术研究

通过掺加SBR胶乳改善乳化沥青性能，用于稀浆封层铺筑，使路用性能大为提高。本文简介SBR胶乳改性乳化沥青稀浆封层相关技术，包括乳化沥青试验、生产及稀浆封层施工。