Exploiting floating car data for time-dependent Origin–Destination matrices estimation

The study evaluates the added value generated by estimating dynamic demand matrices by information gathered from Floating Car Data (FCD).

Firstly, adopting a large dataset of FCD collected in Rome, Italy, during May 2010, all the monitored trips on a specific district of the city (Eur district) have been collected and analysed in terms of (i) spatial and temporal distribution; (ii) actual route choices and travel times. The data analysis showed that demand data from FCD are usually not suitable to retrieve directly demand matrices, due to a strong dependence of this information from the penetration rate of the monitoring device. Instead, origin–destination travel times and route choice probabilities from FCD are a much more reliable and powerful information with respect to FCD origin–destination flows, since they represent the traffic conditions and behaviors that vehicles experiment along the path.

Thus, several synthetic experiments have been conducted adopting both travel times and route choice probabilities as additional information, with respect to standard link measurements, in the dynamic demand estimation problem. Results demonstrated the strength and robustness associated to these network based data, while link measurements alone are not able to define the real traffic pattern. Adopting both the information of origin–destination travel times and route choice probabilities during the demand estimation process, the spatial and temporal reliability of the estimated demand matrices consistently increases.     

A linear complementarity method for the solution of vertical vehicle–track interaction

A new method is proposed for the solution of the vertical vehicle–track interaction including a separation between wheel and rail. The vehicle is modelled as a multi-body system using rigid bodies, and the track is treated as a three-layer beam model in which the rail is considered as an Euler-Bernoulli beam and both the sleepers and the ballast are represented by lumped masses. A linear complementarity formulation is directly established using a combination of the wheel–rail normal contact condition and the generalised-α method. This linear complementarity problem is solved using the Lemke algorithm, and the wheel–rail contact force can be obtained. Then the dynamic responses of the vehicle and the track are solved without iteration based on the generalised-α method. The same equations of motion for the vehicle and track are adopted at the different wheel–rail contact situations. This method can remove some restrictions, that is, time-dependent mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the coupled system, multiple equations of motion for the different contact situations and the effect of the contact stiffness. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for simulating the vehicle–track interaction including a separation between wheel and rail.     

设计阶段公路工程造价编制存在的问题及预防措施

当今公路建设投资巨大,公路工程勘察设计对公路工程建设的总造价影响重大。在设计阶段由于公路工程造价编制人员本身技术水平以及赶时间赶任务等原因,导致在编制公路工程造价过程中出现若干问题,影响了工程造价的准确性。针对以上情况,本文总结归纳出在设计阶段编制公路工程造价过程中出现的若干问题,提出了相应的预防措施。     

电动汽车动力电池公告检测中存在的问题及建议

以动力锂电池为例,重点介绍其在一致性、安全性和电性能这三方面的公告检测中存在的主要问题并提出建议,为国内电动汽车的研发提供参考,以促进电动汽车动力电池质量的提高和技术的发展.     

成都市域二、三圈层城市人防建设规划编制初探

人防建设规划作为城市规划体系中一项重要的专项规划,其实施不仅直接指导规划所在地的人防建设,而且对当地的城市建设也将产生重要的影响,通过分析成都市域二、三圈层城市人防建设规划的编制情况,着重介绍了规划技术路线、规划编制重点,并对规划编制中存在的几个难点问题提出了自己的思考。     

二阶混合型积分微分差分方程非线性边值问题的存在性与唯一性

利用微分不等式技巧研究了某一类混合型二阶积分微分差分方程非线性边值问题,在上下解存在的条件下,得到了解的存在性和唯一性定理.结果表明：这种技巧为其它边值问题的研究提出了崭新的思路.     

市政道路质量控制关键技术研究

以市政道路质量控制技术为研究对象,对其质量问题产生的原因以及质量控制措施等关键技术进行研究,具有一定的工程指导意义。     

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在城市交通网络中,每个交通小区的交通发生量以及吸引量与其经济发展水平、土地利用、人口数量等因素密切相关,通常能够较为准确的预测,而小区之间的交通需求很难准确的预测. 本文假定所有起讫点的交通发生量和吸引量是确定的,而OD需求不确定且属于一个有界区间,利用鲁棒优化的方法建立OD需求不确定环境下考虑用户均衡约束的交通网络设计极小极大模型,并提出了灵敏度分析结合相继平均法(MSA)的求解算法. 数值算例表明,利用鲁棒优化方法得到的网络设计方案较传统的确定性网络设计方案具有更高的可靠性.