滨海公路曹妃甸至京唐港段路线优化及评价

滨海公路的建设加快了唐山港两港区及滨海地带滩涂的开发和发展,形成了经济隆起带,是成功之举,公路只有通过设计人员认真谋划、细心思考、灵活设计、创作设计,才能达到“公路安全、环境优美、节约资源、质量优良、系统最优”的效果。     

特殊路基施工质量问题与防治

特殊路基在施工中出现的质量问题,应尽可能因地制宜、因时而异地作具体分析,采用科学的处理方法,解决所面临的施工质量问题。     

变载荷作用下轴-滚动轴承系统动力学仿真

讨论了变载荷作用下轴-滚动轴承系统动力学问题.利用Hertz公式和静不定问题的解法(力法)推导滚动轴承受力与变形关系的计算公式并得到数值解,以整个轴-滚动轴承系统为研究对象,利用ADAMS大型动力学仿真软件进行动力学仿真.以6310轴承和某试验台轴组成轴-滚动轴承系统为研究对象,研究了变载荷作用下刚性轴-滚动轴承系统、弹性轴-滚动轴承系统的幅频特性和变载荷作用下的动态响应.     

城乡结合部交通与枢纽规划

随着经济的发展和城市化进程的加快,城乡结合部作为城市和乡村的纽带地位日显重要。从结合部与交通枢纽规划的基本内涵出发,指出结合部存在的一些交通问题,结合部已成为交通的瓶颈,阻碍了城市的对外经济联系和乡村经济的发展。最后,提出了结合部交通与枢纽规划的优化设想,实现城乡的和谐发展。     

三维布局计算方法的研究

布局问题是一个组合最优化问题,众多学者对此进行了深入的研究,并提出了许多算法,算法的选择直接影响布局问题的计算速度和求解精度。本文具体分析了基于规则的启发式算法;传统最优化算法;遗传算法;模拟退火算法;改进模式搜索算法;混合算法的使用场合。     

空车配货VRP问题的路径匹配算法

针对现有VRP（Vehicle routing problem）问题的精确解法和启发式算法应用于空车配货信息检索时的局限,引入图的概念,提出了一个基于交通路网的路径匹配算法,给出了算法复杂度分析。该算法利用交通路网中各结点之间的距离关系,检索给定起讫点间及起讫点与各自邻近结点群之间存在的配货信息,同时规划出收益费用比最优的行驶路径,并能根据配货行驶路径的特点对检索出的所信息进行分析、评价和优选,以方便空车配货组织。最后用一个仿真实例验证算法的有效性。     

海事危防管理在港口经营监管领域面临的问题

文中立足行政法规的实施,分析了海事危防管理在港口经营领域面临的疑难问题,提出了解决思路和管理建议。     

Application specific instance generator and a memetic algorithm for capacitated arc routing problems

Capacitated arc routing problem (CARP) is a well known combinatorial problem that requires identifying minimum total distance traveled by a fleet of vehicles in order to serve a set of roads without violating the vehicles’ capacity constraints. A number of optimization algorithms have been proposed over the years to solve basic CARPs and their performance have been analyzed using selected benchmark suites available in literature. From an application point of view, there is a need to assess the performance of algorithms on specific class of instances that resemble realistic applications, e.g., inspection of electric power lines, garbage collection, winter gritting etc. In this paper we introduce a benchmark generator that controls the size and complexity of the underlying road network resembling a target application. It allows generation of road networks with multiple lanes, one-way/two-way roads and varying degree of connectedness. Furthermore, an algorithm capable of solving real life CARP instances efficiently within a fixed computational budget of evaluations is introduced. The proposed algorithm, referred to as MA-CARP, is a memetic algorithm embedded with a similarity based parent selection scheme inspired by multiple sequence alignment, hybrid crossovers and a modified neighborhood search to improve its rate of convergence. The mechanism of test instance generation is presented for three typical scenarios, namely, inspection of electric power lines, garbage collection and winter gritting. The code for the generator is available from http://seit.unsw.adfa.edu.au/research/sites/mdo/Research-Data/InstanceGenerator.rar. The performance of the algorithm is compared with a state-of-the-art algorithm for three generated benchmarks. The results obtained using the proposed algorithm are better for all the above instances clearly highlighting its potential for solving CARP problems.     

Multicriteria evaluation on accessibility‐based transportation equity in road network design problem

This paper investigates the performance of accessibility‐based equity measurements in transportation and proposes a multiobjective optimization model to simulate the trade‐offs between equity maximization and cost minimization of network construction. The equity is defined as the spatial distribution of accessibilities across zone areas. Six representative indicators were formulated, including GINI coefficient, Theil index, mean log deviation, relative mean deviation, coefficient of variation, and Atkinson index, and incorporated into an equity maximization model to evaluate the performance sensitivity. A bilevel multiobjective optimization model was proposed to obtain the Pareto‐optimal solutions for link capacity enhancement in a stochastic road network design problem. A numerical analysis using the Sioux Falls data was implemented. Results verified that the equity indicators are quite sensitive to the pattern of network scenarios in the sense that the level of equity varies according to the amount of overall capacity enhancement as well as the assignment of improved link segments. The suggested multiobjective model that enables representing the Pareto‐optimal solutions can provide multiple options in the decision making of road network design. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

关于加强高校财务管理的思考

经费投入是高校改革与发展的物质基础,尽管近年来甘肃省高校经费投入持续稳定增长,高等教育事业改革与发展的需要与经费投入水平不足的矛盾仍然十分突出,而且将长期存在。本文针对甘肃省高校在财务管理方面存在的突出问题和不足进行了梳理和分析,以期深思和探索高校发展中普遍面临的财务管理问题的逐步解决。