人脸非线性视角流形建模方法

针对线性子空间不足以描述头部视角空间非线性变化等因素影响人脸视角流形的精确建模问题,提出一种新的视角流形建模方法,并从理论上将该方法与经典的流形学习建模方法及概念驱动的视角流形建模方法进行比较,通过基于非线性张量分解的人脸及视角识别实验比较视角流形对识别结果的影响,从而给出视角流形的有效性比较.实验结果表明,本文提出的视角流形建模方法比概念驱动的视角流形和TensorFace中的线性视角系数均有更好的识别效果.     

State inspection for transmission lines based on independent component analysis

Monitoring transmission towers is of great importance to prevent severe thefts on them and ensure the reliability and safety of the power grid operation. Independent component analysis (ICA) is a method for finding underlying factors or components from multivariate statistical data based on dimension reduction methods, and it is applicable to extract the non-stationary signals. FastICA based on negentropy is presented to effectively extract and separate the vibration signals caused by human activity in this paper. A new method combined empirical mode decomposition (EMD) technique with the adaptive threshold method is applied to extract the vibration pulses, and suppress the interference signals. The practical tests demonstrate that the method proposed in the paper is effective in separating and extracting the vibration signals.     

预处理迭代的性质及其应用

区域分裂并行计算的效率主要归结为解决并行过程中子区域间的信息传递问题．预处理方法是一种改善信息传递的重要手段．文中讨论了预处理迭代的一些性质，提出构造较优预处理的一类方法．在构造预处理的过程中运用参数来讨论条件数的改善情况，还对参数范围作了讨论。     

VIV response of a flexible cylinder with varied coverage by buoyancy elements and helical strakes

Many significant engineering challenges have emerged as the petroleum industry has moved their field development and production activities into increasingly deeper water depths. The design of deepwater marine risers presents the combined challenges to minimize top tensioning requirements, mitigate any flow-induced vibrations, and if possible to increase the expected fatigue life of these slender structural members. As part of the design process to achieve these goals external buoyancy modules and strakes have been employed. To gain insight into the complex multi-mode response behavior a recent experimental study was performed and the analysis of selected data sets is presented. In the experiments a horizontal cylinder with a length to diameter ratio of 263 was fitted with a variety of strake and buoyancy element configurations. The models were towed at uniform speeds ranging from 0.4 to 2.0 m/s and fiber optic strain gages were used to measure both in-line and cross-flow strain response. The resulting time series information was processed utilizing the method of time domain decomposition formulated for strain data input and the introduction of modal assurance criterion to resolve the modal strain information that included frequency, mode shape, and critical damping ratio information. The pre-tensioned cylinder without appendages was used as a base case and the results were basically consistent with expectations. In the case of 0.8 m/s low-tension test, multiple closely spaced non-overlapping peaks were observed in both in-line and cross-flow directions and were identified as being of the same mode with mode shapes distorted away from purely sinusoidal behavior. The test data for the 100% coverage by helical stakes demonstrated the effectiveness of that suppression device over the range of current velocities investigated. The most interesting case was that of a staggered combination of helical strakes and buoyancy element whose total for each type of coverage was equal. This effective asymmetric VIV suppression approach is presented and discussed in detail.     

传感器安装偏差对功率流测试误差的影响分析

为分析传感器安装偏差对功率流测试误差的影响,将安装偏差分解为位置偏差和角度偏差两个部分,并分别基于互功率谱法和波分解法建立传感器安装偏差与功率流测试误差之间的数学模型。仿真分析结果表明：所建立的互功率谱法和波分解法功率流测试误差模型完全一致;位置偏差对功率流的影响由两个传感器位置偏差之差决定,角度偏差对功率流测试误差的影响与频率无关,但始终使得功率流向更小的方向变化,而总误差为两种安装偏差各自产生误差之积。     

基于工程分解的船体生产物流管理研究

船舶建造的物流特点表现为:物流量大、周期长且具有动态性。零件生产能力不足、理料效率低下和配送困难是国内造船企业在实施精益造船、建立现代造船模式的过程中普遍遇到的船体结构建造问题。通过对某船厂的生产布局进行分析,运用工程分解的理论对船体生产物流管理模式进行深入探讨,并提出新的结构流向设计原则,以期提高管理的精细化与数字化,最终形成规范的物流管理体系。     

一种基于遗传算法和小波分解的刚性图像配准方法

为了实现快速、高精度的自动图像配准,提出了基于遗传算法和小波分解的图像配准方法。此方法在小波分解的基础上,以互信息为相似性测度利用遗传算法为搜索算法对图像进行一次配准,然后以特定步长在小范围内对配准参数进行修正,对图像进行二次配准。该方法实验结果表明该方法具有较快的速度且显著的改善了配准精度。     

多源激励谱反演振荡研究

多源激励谱反演属于逆问题范畴,反演解在系统共振频率及低频段会出现振荡.文章以数值仿真与理论相结合的方法,开展了矩形板四种方案的虚拟实验来研究多源激励谱反演振荡问题.首先进行了板的模态分析和响应分析,数值解与理论解吻合良好,验证了方法的可行性.然后分别以直接法、截断奇异值分解法(TSVD)、Tikhonov正则法对板的多源激励谱进行反演.结果表明:(1)多源激励谱反演时,保证响应点数量大于激励点数量可有效抑制反演解在共振频率处的振荡;(2)采用TSVD法、Tikhonov正则法可有效抑制反演解的低频振荡.最后,用反演的激励谱重构接收点的响应谱,重构解与理想值吻合较好,验证了虚拟实验及方法的可信性.     

数模混合电路故障诊断新方法

在基于DES理论的电路测试中,最小测试集的求取一直是重点和难点。该文提出了一种基于网络撕裂法和图论法相结合的算法来求取最小测试集。通过网络撕裂法将大规模的电路分割为小规模数字电路部分和模拟电路部分,然后再分别对其使用图论法来求取各自的最小测试集,最后整合得到电路的最小测试集。该方法计算量小、诊断定位精度高,适合于工程应用。     

脆性岩石多裂纹扩展的复合型相场模型研究

针对现有基于拉/压、球/偏应变能分解的2种复合型相场模型间差异性及其适用范围缺乏比较研究等问题,采用交错算法,依托ABAQUS平台自编相场本构子程序UMAT和相场变量演化子程序HETVAL,建立2种复合型相场模型数值求解方法,模拟脆性岩石双裂纹渐进式扩展贯通过程并对比分析。通过开展不同中心平行间距下含双平行裂纹的红砂岩试件单轴压缩试验,比较验证2种复合型相场模型的有效性并阐明其异同性及适用范围。研究结果表明：随着中心间距的增加,双平行裂纹的起裂点位置、扩展方向(I型翼裂纹起裂,扩展方向近似垂直于原裂纹面)和二次萌生裂纹(II型裂纹)扩展方向几乎不变,但二次萌生裂纹的位置从2个内尖端变为2个外尖端,且岩桥贯通轨迹从2组裂纹尖端间扩展贯通变成1组裂纹内尖端扩展贯通;2种复合型相场模型均能有效地模拟出I型、II型裂纹扩展,但基于球/偏应变能分解的复合型相场模型模拟的二次萌生裂纹扩展(II型反翼裂纹,扩展方向与翼裂纹方向相反)和岩桥贯通轨迹(裂纹尖端翼裂纹直接相向扩展贯通)与试验结果更为吻合,更适合于复杂加载条件下的脆性岩石多裂纹扩展行为模拟。