临吉高速光华中桥地震响应分析及延性抗震设计

结合实际工程光华中桥,利用时程分析和建立全桥纤维弹塑性梁单元求解地震作用下结构响应,结合截面M-φ分析和pushover分析,详细介绍了延性抗震设计的运用、塑性铰纤维模型的模拟、相关设计参数的选取和延性评价。     

混合设计的高性能钢梁抗弯性能试验

采用两点加载的方式,对3片混合设计的高性能HPS 485 W工字钢梁进行抗弯性能试验,分析了截面几何参数对试验梁抗弯承载力、弹塑性变形和破坏形态的影响。结合跨中单点加载的试验结果,对比分析了不同加载方式对试验梁抗弯承载力的影响,建立了能够准确模拟试验梁抗弯过程的有限元模型,在非厚实截面范围内对混合设计的高性能钢模型梁进行了关键参数的数值分析。分析结果表明：对两点加载的试验梁,抗弯破坏形态为纯弯段区出现受压翼缘与受压区腹板的局部屈曲;随着翼缘宽厚比的降低,钢梁的塑性转动能力明显提高;随着腹板高厚比的增加,钢梁的抗弯强度和延性均会降低;对相同几何尺寸的模型梁,加载方式改变时,钢梁的抗弯过程相似,但控制钢梁失效的破坏形态不同;对混合设计的钢梁,建议腹板与翼缘材料强度等级差不大于2个强度等级。     

铁路桥梁的地震易损性分析

近年来我国发生的大地震,尤其是5·12汶川地震表明,铁路桥梁作为交通系统中的枢纽结构,在地震中极易受损.多跨连续钢筋混凝土桥是铁路桥梁中常见的结构形式.故采用国家强震动台网中心提供的汶川地震强震波和NGA强震数据库提供的地震波,以位移延性比为破坏指标,应用结构分析软件SAP2000,分别对多跨连续钢筋混凝土铁路桥进行非线性时程分析,并对其结果进行回归,得出以PGA（Peak Ground Acceleration）为自变量,结构超过某一特定损坏状态的概率为因变量的地震易损性曲线;最后分析了该类铁路桥在地震作用下的地震易损性.     

聚丙烯纤维网混凝土的路用性能研究

对普通混凝土与聚丙烯纤维网混凝土进行了试验研究,得出了不同聚丙烯纤维网掺量的混凝土的强度、耐磨性、抗渗性、弯曲韧性的变化规律,并对聚丙烯纤维网的改性机理进行了分析,指出了聚丙烯纤维网混凝土的广阔的应用前景.     

Variational principles in water-wave problems (wave radiation conditions and their variational treatment)

To discuss water-wave problems in unlimited waters, it is important to know what type of wave radiation condition should be placed on a virtual surface corresponding to infinity. For this kind of problem, the Sommerfeld radiation condition is well known. In this article, the condition is extended to treat a case with an incident wave. Furthermore, a more general wave radiation condition is introduced from a different point of view. The above-mentioned wave radiation conditions are introduced into the variational principles of the Kelvin, Hellinnger–Reissner, and Dirichlet type. The Dirichlet-type variational principles are then used in numerical calculations for bending waves in a bar, and the effectiveness of the wave radiation conditions and the variational principles is shown. The numerical results for one-dimensional water-wave problems are then given. As expected, the region required for the numerical solution is reduced drastically compared with that required by the Sommerfeld-type formulation. Furthermore, the amplitude of the diverging wave is obtained in the process of reaching the variational solution. Finally, two-dimensional water-wave problems are briefly discussed. Received: August 9, 2001 / Accepted: September 17, 2001     

大断面水下盾构隧道管片接头抗弯刚度及其对管片内力影响研究

以大断面水下铁路盾构隧道-狮子洋隧道工程为研究对象,运用有限元数值分析方法,并结合管片接头原型抗弯试验,研究环向管片接头抗弯刚度,并运用梁-弹簧模型进行接头抗弯刚度对整环管片结构内力影响的研究.结果表明:该隧道管片接头抗弯刚度的取值范围为50～700MN·m·rad-1,在相同轴力条件下,接头抗弯刚度会随接头弯矩的增加降低1个数量级左右;在相同接头弯矩条件下,接头抗弯刚度随轴力的增加而增大;接头抗弯刚度对管片轴力分布的影响微弱,对管片弯矩的影响显著;随接头抗弯刚度的增大,整环管片的弯矩分布趋于均匀;在抗弯刚度取值范围内,极值弯矩相差最大达80％左右,极值轴力最大减小5％左右,变形最大减小20％左右;基于接头抗弯刚度-弯矩-轴力的非线性关系改进的梁-弹簧模型,更能体现接头对整环管片受力的影响,也更适用于大断面盾构隧道管片内力的计算.     

不同纵筋率高强钢筋RPC梁抗剪承载力及剪切延性试验研究

为研究纵筋率对高强钢筋活性粉末混凝土梁剪切性能的影响,进行集中荷载下5根RPC梁的受剪试验,分析纵筋率对梁的斜裂缝宽度、剪切延性及抗剪承载力的影响。结果表明:试验梁的抗剪承载力随着纵筋率的提高而提高,而剪切延性随着纵筋率的提高而降低;采用高强钢筋的活性粉末混凝土梁,正常使用极限状态下斜裂缝最大宽度不超过0.3 mm。建立考虑纵筋作用的高强钢筋活性粉末混凝土梁抗剪承载力计算的经验公式,利用经验公式对搜集的27根梁进行计算,吻合较好且变异系数小。该公式具有一定的参考意义,可为高强钢筋活性粉末混凝土梁抗剪承载力的研究提供参考。     

Cyclic bending performance of joint on precast composite hollow RC for submerged floating tunnels

In case of a submerged floating tunnel (SFT), which is difficult to cast in-site underwater construction, it is modularized on land and then assembled them in the field. Therefore, it is influential to investigate the structural performance of the joints between the modules. A concept of the steel-concrete composite hollow in the SFT, which stably maintains the joints, has been proposed by applying prestressing method to resist various external loads. In this study, the bending behavior of module joints was experimentally analyzed to evaluate the safety for the bending deformation that is dominant in SFT. Test results show that there is a difference at the module joint portion in the performance depending on whether or not the inner steel tube is connected. The bending stiffness of the module joints in the SFT was very similar but there was a difference in strength. The maximum strength was increased from 700 kN to 1200 kN when the inner tube was connected, and the residual displacement was increased from 15 mm to 40 mm. As a result, in the design of the module joint, depending on the purpose of SFT, it is possible to consider both methods which is allowing the ductility behavior of internal tube and controlling the tight connection. Moreover, the failure criterion of the bending behavior of the module joint can be selected as the maximum load or deformation limit.     

A theory of coupled beams for strength assessment of passenger ships

This paper describes a coupled beam method, which estimates elastic response in the longitudinal bending of a passenger ship with a large multi-deck superstructure. The method can be applied during an early project stage, when detailed three-dimensional finite element modelling is not yet possible. The theory is based on the assumption that each deck in the superstructure and also the main hull can be considered as a thin-walled beam. These beams are coupled to adjacent beams with springs modelling vertical and shear stiffness. The shear effect in the side and deck structures is included with options for large openings. As a result, the method allows for the calculation of the normal stresses and vertical deflections in the arbitrary location of the hull girder. Average longitudinal displacements of deck structures and shear stresses in the side structures can be estimated as well. Simplified structures were analysed in order to validate the coupled beam method against the three-dimensional finite element method.     

罕遇地震下城际铁路连续梁桥延性抗震设计

研究目的:罕遇地震作用下,城际铁路桥梁结构可能进入到弹塑性工作状态,对城际铁路桥梁结构进行弹塑性地震响应分析和延性抗震设计具有重要的工程价值和研究意义。结合大连市金州新区至普湾新区城际铁路工程的设计实例,基于纤维梁柱单元模型的基本原理,建立主桥(25+30+25)m预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥的弹塑性分析模型,采用傅里叶变换和反复迭代法将铁路规范反应谱拟合为地震动时程曲线,进行罕遇地震下桥梁的地震响应分析及桥墩延性抗震设计。研究结论:结果表明:地震激励下,仅制动墩进入到塑性状态,延性系数最大值为3.02,小于规范给定值4.8,抗震验算满足规范要求。本文给出的桥梁弹塑性分析方法和延性抗震设计结果为城际铁路连续梁桥的延性抗震设计提供了一种实用手段和依据。