Bend stiffener linear viscoelastic thermo-mechanical analysis. Part I — Experimental characterization and mathematical formulation

Bend stiffeners are subjected to cyclic loading during offshore operation or when subjected to a controlled full-scale qualification test. Due to the viscoelastic nature of the polyurethane, energy is dissipated within the material volume and the structure may experience a temperature increase, a phenomenon known as self-heating. The top connection is a flexible riser critical region in terms of fatigue, being the bend stiffener the main responsible for curvature control. As the curvature distribution is highly affected by the nonlinear time–temperature bend stiffener response, a detailed thermo-mechanical assessment may become relevant for riser lifetime and polyurethane material failure assessment, specially during accelerated full-scale tests. In the present paper (Part I), the polyurethane experimental characterization and steady-state thermo-mechanical mathematical formulation are presented for the bend stiffener self-heating assessment. A steady-state formulation is derived for a temperature dependent linear viscoelastic large deflection beam model to estimate the heat generation during harmonic tip loading. The temperature field distribution is calculated through a three-dimensional steady-state thermal model considering the viscoelastic heat calculated from the mechanical model with an iterative scheme. Stress relaxation tests are performed at different temperatures to determine the viscoelastic properties followed by thermal properties characterization through differential scanning calorimetry and by the Flash method to determine the specific heat, thermal conductivity and diffusivity, respectively. In a companion paper (Part II) the iterative numerical scheme is detailed and a case study presented.     

自主神经功能检测对早期糖尿病自主神经功能损害的诊断价值

目的评价自主神经功能检测对早期糖尿病自主神经功能损害的诊断价值。方法50例2型糖尿病患者进行自主神经功能检查,即交感皮肤反应和心血管自主神经功能检测,并与30名健康人进行对比分析。结果糖尿病患者自主神经功能检测中交感皮肤反应,瓦氏比值和深呼吸时心率变异与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),三者的异常率分别为70%,46%和50%;以交感皮肤反应的异常率最高,尤其以双下肢明显。立卧位血压差和冰水试验与对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),其异常率分别为12%和16%。结论检测外周器官自主神经功能状态的方法中以交感皮肤反应的阳性率最高,可以作为检测早期糖尿病自主神经功能的常规筛选检查。     

高速船突发载荷的结构响应的近期研究

本文讨论有关于高速船对突发载荷的结构响应的近期研究，评述了世界各国对高速船的碰撞，搁浅，冲击，爆炸等突发载荷时结构的响应方面的研究进展和动态。文中对采用FRP复合材料或夹心析制造的高速船方面的研究作了特别的关注和研讨。     

GUSTATORY RESPONSES OF NEURONS IN THE PARABRACHIAL NUCLEUS OF RATS

Ａｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆａｎａｔｏｍｉｃａｌ,ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｐｈｙｓｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｎｄｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒａｌｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓｈａｖｅｓｈｏｗｎｔｈａｔｇｕｓｔａｔｏｒｙｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｎｕｃｌｅｕｓｏｆｔｈｅｓｏｌｉｔａｒｙｔｒａｃｔ(ＮＴＳ) ,ｗｈｉｃｈｉｓｃｏｎｖｅｙｅｄｆｒｏｍｔｏｎｇｕｅｖｉａｔｈｅｃｒａｎｉａｌｎｅｒｖｅｓ (ｆａｃｉａｌ,ｇｌｏｓｓｏｐｈａｒｙｎｇｅａｌ,ａｎｄｖａｇｕｓ) ,ｒｅａｃｈｅｓａｃｏｎｆｉｎｅｄ ｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅ ｐａｒａｂｒａｃｈｉａｌｎｕｃ…     

Study on lift-up speed of aerodynamic compliant foil thrust bearings

Objective The experimental study on the lift-up speed of a new kind of compliant aerodynamic foil thrust hearings was performed on the multifunetional test rig established for testing the performances of foil gas bearings. Methods The lift-up speed of foil gas thrust hearing under given axial load was analyzed through the spectrum of axial displacement response in frequency domain. Results The test results indicated that the difference in the spectrum of axial displacement responses before and after lifting up of the rotor was obvious. After lifting up of the rotor, there were only larger components of rotation frequency and lower harmanie frequencies. If the rotor wasn＇t lift-up, there were also larger components of other frequencies in the spectrum. Conclusion So by analyzing the spectrum of axial displacement response, the results showed that the lift-up speed was about 1 860 rpm when the axial load was 31N.     

LM331在内燃机车检测中的应用

本文给出一种应用于内燃机车水阻测试台的主电压检测电路,该电路使用廉价的单片V/F转换器,通过光电耦合方式,既保证了检测电压的精度,又可有效防止各种干扰串入计算机控制系统。     

梁式转换层异型柱框架的地震作用效应

采用底部2层为大空间商场、上部为住宅的高层建筑作为建模分析对象，模拟实际工程情况，按国家有关设计规范要求，针对抗震设防烈度7度和8度、场地土Ⅰ～Ⅳ类等不同组合，采用振型分解反应谱法和弹性时程分析法分析计算了72例钢筋混凝土梁式转换层异型柱框架高层建筑，对受小震作用的钢筋混凝土梁式转换层异型柱框架体系的层变形、层剪力及基底倾覆力矩变化规律进行了分析，得出若干可供设计参考的结果。     

机车—桁架桥梁耦合振动研究

建立了轮对和钢轨之间弹性联接３３个自由度的机车车辆动力学模型，采用有限元法分析计算了列车荷载作用下某铁路双线钢桁桥的动力响应。采用空间梁单元建立了桁架桥的振动方程。根据随机振动理论计算了当列车过桥时，车－桥耦合振动系统的空间动力响应，并与实测结果进行了比较，比较表明，采用弹性联接横型比密贴模型的计算结果更接近于实测值。     

大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的地震反应性能

针对跨径为（７６＋３６０＋７６）ｍ某大跨度钢管混凝土系杆拱桥的特点,详细介绍了其分析模型的建立方法,动力特性特点及共在地震动作用下响应,并深入讨论了不同行波波速对该拱桥地震反应性能的影响,分析表明,主拱肋跨中截面的地震反应内力较小,而拱脚截面ｌ／４～３ｌ／８等截面的地震反应内力则相对较大,行波效应对拱桥的地震反应有较大的影响,一般来说考虑行波效应后其竖向位移,轴力均增大,而横向位移减少。     

高层建筑—地基空间耦合体系的地震响应

采用动态子结构法和有限元与无界元耦合分析高层建筑－－地基空间体系的地震响应，分析和模拟计算表明，无界元在模拟地基问题上具有很大优越性，不但具有较高的计算精度，而且节省机时，在柔性地基上设计高层建筑考虑结构与地基的相互作用更经济合理。