铁路隧道污水处理站规模研究

为解决铁路隧道在施工期污水排放对环境敏感区环境的影响,必须设置隧道污水处理站。通过现场调研多个项目实际发生的隧道污水处理站建设情况,分析研究后提出如下结论： 1）铁路隧道在施工期可实现清水、污水分流以达到减少污水排放量、控制隧道污水处理站建设规模的目的。2）在考虑隧道施工期生产污水、清水分流的工程措施和隧道衬砌、注浆堵水等工程措施对涌水的削减作用的基础上,区分不同地质情况分段确定洞身单位长度正常涌水量乘以施工未衬砌段长度及涌水变化系数的积来确定隧道污水处理站的污水处理规模。3）与隧道污水处理站设计思路配套,建议在现行概（预）算编制办法规定计费范围的基础上,将清水、污水分流的工程措施费用,污水处理站设备的安拆及摊销费用,污水处理站的运营及维护费用纳入概算。     

梯级电站变动回水区设计最低通航水位确定方法

梯级电站变动回水区受上游电站下泄流量与下游坝前水位双重影响,设计最低通航水位的确定十分复杂。传统的设计最低通航水位保证率主要对流量进行统计,指标不够全面;而且设计最低通航水位计算工况组合的选取具有一定的偶然性,实际设计过程中可操作性不强。提出入库流量与坝前水位组合保证率计算方法,该方法综合考虑了入库流量与坝前水位遭遇组合的概率。利用该方法可合理确定梯级电站变动回水区设计最低通航水位,同时结合电站调度方案,在电站可接受的调度方式下,投入最少的资金对航道进行整治,以达到最优的效果。     

鱼梁航运枢纽鱼道及鱼类增殖保护站设计浅述

航运枢纽的建设对鱼类生态环境及鱼类资源影响较大,为减缓工程对鱼类的不利影响,文章通过综合分析,提出采取修建过鱼设施和建立增殖保护站、开展人工增殖放流为主要鱼类保护措施,并结合鱼梁枢纽工程,对鱼道结构及布置、增殖保护站布置及生产方式等设计进行介绍。     

免棱镜全站仪在旧桥几何尺寸测量中的应用

文章介绍了采用免棱镜全站仪进行旧桥几何尺寸测量的主要内容、优点、测点布置情况及方法,并结合具体工程实例,探讨了免棱镜全站仪的使用效果。     

Shared autonomous electric vehicle (SAEV) operations across the Austin,Texas network with charging infrastructure decisions

Shared autonomous vehicles, or SAVs, have attracted significant public and private interest because of their opportunity to simplify vehicle access, avoid parking costs, reduce fleet size, and, ultimately, save many travelers time and money. One way to extend these benefits is through an electric vehicle (EV) fleet. EVs are especially suited for this heavy usage due to their lower energy costs and reduced maintenance needs. As the price of EV batteries continues to fall, charging facilities become more convenient, and renewable energy sources grow in market share, EVs will become more economically and environmentally competitive with conventionally fueled vehicles. EVs are limited by their distance range and charge times, so these are important factors when considering operations of a large, electric SAV (SAEV) fleet.This study simulated performance characteristics of SAEV fleets serving travelers across the Austin, Texas 6-county region. The simulation works in sync with the agent-based simulator MATSim, with SAEV modeling as a new mode. Charging stations are placed, as needed, to serve all trips requested (under 75 km or 47 miles in length) over 30 days of initial model runs. Simulation of distinctive fleet sizes requiring different charge times and exhibiting different ranges, suggests that the number of station locations depends almost wholly on vehicle range. Reducing charge times does lower fleet response times (to trip requests), but increasing fleet size improves response times the most. Increasing range above 175 km (109 miles) does not appear to improve response times for this region and trips originating in the urban core are served the quickest. Unoccupied travel accounted for 19.6% of SAEV mileage on average, with driving to charging stations accounting for 31.5% of this empty-vehicle mileage. This study found that there appears to be a limit on how much response time can be improved through decreasing charge times or increasing vehicle range.     

Development of railway station choice models to improve the representation of station catchments in rail demand models

ABSTRACT

This paper describes the development of railway station choice models suitable for defining probabilistic station catchments. These catchments can then be incorporated into the aggregate demand models typically used to forecast demand for new rail stations. Revealed preference passenger survey data obtained from the Welsh and Scottish Governments was used for model calibration. Techniques were developed to identify trip origins and destinations from incomplete address information and to automatically validate reported trips. A bespoke trip planner was used to derive mode-specific station access variables and train leg measures. The results from a number of multinomial logit and random parameter (mixed) logit models are presented and their predictive performance assessed. The models were found to have substantially superior predictive accuracy compared to the base model (which assumes the nearest station has a probability of one), indicating that their incorporation into passenger demand forecasting methods has the potential to significantly improve model predictive performance.     

地铁车站站台设计

根据相关规范和工作实践,对地铁车站站台设计的有关问题作了探讨.     

浅谈汽车综检站建设中的几点体会

分析了汽车检测意义及其发展状况 ,阐述了汽车检测站配置专利产品 ,完善检测功能的意义。     

高速公路服务区污水处理工艺的选择与污水处理设备的管理

从污水处理工艺选择和污水处理设备管理两个方面阐述了当前国内高速公路服务区污水处理现状,旨在为服务区的污水处理方式和管理提供参考。     

适用于一票制公交大数据的系统化处理方法及应用 ——以银川市为例

为分析公交乘客出行特征,利用公交IC卡数据、公交GPS数据、车载机数据和单程站点关系表,通过各类数据关联融合,提出适用于一票制公交大数据的系统化处理方法。基于Oracle搭建分析数据库,采用Python语言编写代码,构建了乘客上车站点推断算法、基于出行链的乘客下车站点推断算法、基于概率的乘客下车站点推断算法和乘客换乘站点识别算法4种站点推断算法。基于此,运用银川公交大数据进行客流集散点识别、客流走廊识别,得到公交站点上下客流量分布情况、公交线路客流量分布情况、公交站点的换乘客流量分布情况。研究结果表明,一票制公交大数据系统化处理方法在分析公交乘客出行特征方面具有一定的应用价值。