CTCS-2级列控系统在城际客专的应用

以正在实施的灾后重建项目——成灌城际客专作为实践平台,结合城际铁路本身的特点,分别针对无配线站进路控制、尽头站防护距离等问题进行探讨。     

二三维一体化GIS在铁道部调度指挥系统中的应用研究

主要论述二三维一体化GIS技术在铁道部调度指挥系统中的应用方案,论述二三维一体化GIS技术的优越性,阐述铁道部调度指挥系统中二三维一体化GIS的平台选型、系统功能、设计方案,最后给出仿真环境下的系统效果,验证二三维一体化GIS技术在实际工程项目中的可行性。     

进气预混甲醇降低柴油机碳烟与NOx排放的影响参数研究

在485QDI自然吸气直喷式柴油机上研究了不同喷嘴、不同供油定时、不同喷醇的起点对进气预混甲醇发动机的碳烟、NOx排放和经济性的影响。研究结果表明，为了降低碳烟和NOx排放以及提高燃油经济性，与燃用纯柴油的发动机相比，进气预混甲醇发动机的柴油喷射定时可以保持不变或稍小，但燃油喷嘴的孔径应适当减小，预混甲醇的发动机负荷起点应适中。     

特长公路隧道CO浓度设计限值的研究

简要回顾了各国公路隧道CO浓度设计限值的发展历程,分析了在含有CO的环境中,CO对人的时间意识、视力敏感度以及行动反应能力产生的不良影响;依据限制公路隧道内污染物浓度的目的是保障隧道内行驶机动车内人的健康、卫生和隧道的营运安全,建立了确定特长公路隧道内CO浓度设计限值的剂量—反应方程。以某特长公路隧道(长18.020km)工程为例,取CoHb=2%,得到了机动车以不同行驶速度经过该特长隧道对应的CO浓度设计限值。其结果可供相关特长公路隧道在环境保护、通风和防火灾方案设计中参考使用。     

GZ机油添加剂对发动机环保性能影响的试验研究

通过对各种汽油机、柴油机进行的有无GZ添加剂时的对比试验,证明了GZ机油添加剂能降低发动机的机械噪声,减少柴油机排气烟度和汽油机的怠速有害排放,改善发动机的环保性能。     

Correlation between automotive CO, HC, NO, and PM emission factors from on-road remote sensing: implications for inspection and maintenance programs

Carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and nitrogen oxide (NO) emission factors (EFs) are measured with a commercial vehicle emissions remote sensing system (VERSS) during a large-scale vehicle exhaust emissions study in Las Vegas. Particulate matter (PM) EFs are simultaneously measured for individual vehicles with a newly developed PM-VERSS based on ultraviolet backscatter light detection and ranging (Lidar). The effectiveness of CO and HC EFs as proxy for NO and PM EFs for spark-ignition vehicles is evaluated. Poor correlations were found between EFs for pollutants on an individual vehicle basis indicating that high EFs for one or more pollutants cannot be used as a predictor of high EFs for other pollutants. Stronger functional relationships became evident after averaging the EF data in bins based on rank-order of a single pollutant EF. Low overlap between the highest 10% emitters for CO, HC, NO, and PM was found. These results imply that for an effective reduction of the four pollutants, inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs, including clean screening, should measure all four pollutants individually. Fleet average CO and HC concentrations determined by gaseous VERSS were compared with fleet average CO and HC concentrations measured at low-idle and at high-idle during local I/M tests for spark-ignition vehicles. The fleet average CO concentrations measured by I/M tests at either idle were about half of those measured by remote sensing. The fleet average high-idle HC concentration measured by I/M tests was about half of that measured by VERSS while low-idle I/M and VERSS HC average concentrations were in better agreement. For a typical vehicle trip, most of the fuel is burned during non-idle conditions. I/M measurements collected during idling conditions may not be a good indicator of a vehicle’s potential to be a high emitter. VERSS measurements, when the vehicle is under a load, should more effectively identify high emitting vehicles that have a large contribution to the mobile emissions inventory.     

国产摩托车排放现状及控制进程分析

本文根据百余种国产摩托车排气污染物底盘测功机工况法测试结果，建立了相应的数据库，本文综述了国产摩托车排气污染物排放现状，在对欧洲和台洲摩托车排放控制进行考察和分析的基础上，结合我国情况，提出了摩托车排放控制进程建议。     

环境可持续集装箱班轮运输管理研究综述

集装箱班轮运输业如何在追求成本经济性和服务可靠性的同时做好环境可持续性,对航运企业、港口运营商以及政府组织都提出了新的挑战。围绕集装箱班轮运输在环境层面实现可持续发展的目标,本文分别从战略、战术和运营等3个层面就措施、技术和规章制度等所做的研究进行文献综述、分析发展趋势。战略层面,从市场减排机制和政策的制定、绿色政策、...     

机械复合管在海底管道中的应用

原油、湿气含有CO2或H2S是造成海底管道内腐蚀失效的主要原因之一。机械复合管作为一种新型管材,可以有效解决CO2或H2S造成的内腐蚀问题,在国际上得到了广泛应用,但其在国内油气田开发海底管道中,尚无应用先例。文中介绍了机械复合管的制造原理、设计制造规范、用作海底管道的技术要求、海上安装技术特点以及应用前景。文中研究了机械复合管在海底管道中应用对设计制造和安装技术的要求,以推动其在国内油气田开发海底管道中的应用。     

降低交通排放的干线协调信号控制优化方法

为降低干线道路系统的交通排放量,基于机动车比功率改进红绿灯期间排放因子的标定方法,进而以相位有效绿灯时间为决策变量,构建使机动车排放总量最小化的干线交叉口群时空资源优化模型.分析相邻交叉口间车队延误与相位差的关系,改进以车队延误最小为目标的相位差优化模型.为验证模型,设计一个案例,根据传统方法获得参考配时方案,借助Vissim软件标定红绿灯期间的排放因子,并使用所提方法获得优化配时方案.结果显示,每种污染物绿灯期间的排放因子均明显高于红灯期间;与参考配时方案相比,优化配时方案下各交叉口车辆延误和排放量均减少8~11%.所提模型能同时降低干线交叉口群的车辆延误和交通排放量,可用于优化干线协调信号控制方案,进而缓解交通拥堵.