城市公交专用道系统规划方法探讨——以深圳为例

针对大城市日趋复杂的公交系统，提出了公交专用道系统规划的方法，完善公交专用道的功能分类，明确各类公交专用道的主要服务对象和交通特性，并提出相应的设施要求。最后，以深圳公交专用道系统规划初步方案为例，按上述理论方法进行了实证说明。     

大肠腺癌病理组织学分型和预后意义分析

<正> 大肠癌大致分为腺癌,腺鳞癌,鳞癌,类癌及未分化癌等,其中腺癌占绝大多数。Floyd~1 1687例大肠癌中占92.3％,Berg60193例中占99.6％。故本文以大肠腺癌为分析对象,观察各亚型组织学特点以及和预后的关系。     

基于单分类算法OSVM船用燃气轮机状态评估

针对船舶综合监控系统中存储有海量设备正常运行时的数据没有得到充分利用，此外设备退化时的故障数据难以获取，无法训练传统的多分类退化检测模型，提出利用单分类算法OSVM来建立模型,从而实现退化检测，在该过程中只需用正常样本数据来训练模型，并在一个经过实船数据验证过的模拟器产生的数据集上进行了实验。结果显示，只需要400个正常样本就可训练出准确的退化检测模型，该模型在精确度，召回率，特异性，正确率，AUC五个指标都有很好表现，此外，该退化检测模型有很好的扩展性，也可被用于其他机械设备的状态评估中。     

Detection and Classification of Vehicles by Measurement of Road-Pavement Vibration and by Means of Supervised Machine Learning

Road vehicle detection and, to a lesser extent, classification have received considerable attention, in particular for the purpose of traffic monitoring by transportation authorities. A multitude of sensors and systems have been developed to assist people in traffic monitoring. Camera-based systems have enjoyed wide adoption over the last decade, partially substituting for more traditional techniques. Methods based on road-pavement vibration are not as common as camera-based systems. However, vibration sensors may be of interest when sensors must be out of sight and insensitive to environmental conditions, such as fog. We present and discuss our work on detection and classification of vehicles by measurement of road-pavement vibration and by means of supervised machine learning. We describe the entire processing chain from sensor data acquisition to vehicle classification and discuss our results for the task of vehicle detection and the task of vehicle classification separately. Using data for a single vibration sensor, our results show a performance ranging between 94% and near 100% for the detection task (1340 samples) and between 43% and 86% for the classification task (experiment specific, between 454 and 1243 samples).     

Winter problems on mountain passes – Implications for cost-benefit analysis

Cost-benefit analysis is a tool in government decision-making for determining the consequences of alternative uses of society’s scarce resources. Such a systematic process of comparing benefits and costs was adopted in early years for transportation projects and it has been the subject of much refining over the years. There are still some flaws, however, in the application of the method. In this article we have studied the impact of weather conditions on traffic speed on low traffic roads often exposed to adverse weather. This is an issue not currently considered in the cost-benefit analysis of road projects. By using two analytical approaches—structural equation modelling and classification and regression tree analysis—the impact of the weather indicators temperature, wind speed, and precipitation on traffic speed has been quantified. The data relates to three winter months on the European Route 6 road over the mountain pass Saltfjellet in Norway. Increase in wind speed, increase in precipitation and temperatures around freezing point all caused significant decrease in traffic speed in the case studied. If actions were taken to reduce the impact of adverse weather on traffic (e.g. by building a tunnel through the mountain) this study indicates that the road users would gain a total benefit of approximately 2,348,000 NOK (282,000 EUR) each winter at Saltfjellet if all the weather related benefits were included. We argue that this is a significant number that is highly relevant to include in CBAs. This applies both to the CBAs of new transportation projects as well as when resources are allocated for operation, maintenance, and monitoring of the existing transport systems. Including the weather related benefits would improve the application of CBA as a decision-making tool for policy makers.     

汽车企业全周期专利分级管理体系探讨

我国已经连续多年专利申请量位居全球首位,在由专利大国向专利强国转变的过程中,提升知识产权保护质量将成为今后发力的重点,汽车行业作为典型的研发和技术密集型行业,每年汽车行业申请的专利数量不断提升,自主车企的知识产权保护工作有了长足进步,但是同大型跨国汽车企业相比,自主车企的知识产权保护和管理水平还有很大提升空间,尤其是在专利挖掘、撰写、申请、授权和维持的全生命周期管理中,如何充分利用专利分级、分类管理制度来对不同价值的专利进行筛选和分级管理,成为当前车企知识知识产权管理工作中的重要内容之一,也是汽车企业知识产权管理水平提升的重要途径。     

The characteristic velocity stability indicator for passenger cars

Driver assistance systems have received increased attention as market demands have pushed for improved automotive safety. These systems are designed to aid the driver by preventing any unstable or unpredictable vehicle behaviour. One global indicator for stability and driving conditions could help to manage the control algorithms and driver warning subroutines. Another problem which could be solved by a precise driving situation indicator is evaluating new vehicles during test drives. After a short introduction to a linear lateral vehicle model, an analytical approach for an online calculation of different driving conditions (i.e., stability, understeering, oversteering, and neutralsteering) is given. A characteristic velocity stability indicator is defined, which allows online computation of the present driving condition. Results are then checked against real measurements of a test vehicle.     

浅谈如何预防盗劫

海盗出没区域、海盗袭击场合、海盗的配备、盗劫对象、船舶防范盗劫的措施。     

铁路路基填料分类深化研究

根据泰波最大干密度理论和粒子干涉理论,分析不均匀系数取值范围及其对孔隙率的影响,提出颗粒级配的改进方案:当不均匀系数大于或等于10且曲率系数为1～3时,定义填料的颗粒级配为良好级配;当不均匀系数大于或等于10且曲率系数小于1或大于3时,定义填料的颗粒级配为间断级配;当不均匀系数小于10时,定义填料的颗粒级配为均匀级配。通过对影响填料工程性能因素的分析,并结合工程实践,提出填料分类分组的建议方案:在巨粒土和粗粒土中,细粒含量按5%,15%和30%分界;将细粒含量大于或等于15%的巨粒土和粗粒土划分为粉土块石、黏土块石、多粉土块石和多黏土块石等;对于细粒土,在粗粒含量大于或等于30%的条件下,将砾石含量大于或等于25%的细粒土定义为含砾液限土,否则定义为含砂液限土;巨粒土和粗粒土母岩的饱水抗压强度应大于或等于20MPa;在砾石类土划分中增加5mm粒组界限。     

VTS船舶分级管理探讨

我国现有的VTS监管模式不利于船舶交通管理质量和效率的提高。文章综合考虑船舶航行风险和社会影响因素,运用层次分析法构建了VTS船舶重要度评价模型。在运用模型对VTS水域内的船舶进行分级的基础上,提出相应的船舶交通管理对策。