沥青混合料破坏阶段的黏弹性行为

采用基于连续破坏力学和功势原理的模型对沥青混合料破坏阶段的黏弹性行为进行研究.该模型中利用虚应变来描述沥青混合料的时间依赖性,利用破坏参数和虚劲度模量的关系描述沥青混合料的破坏特性.通过不同条件下的复数模量试验确定了沥青混合料的线黏弹性力学参数,进行了不同条件下的恒应变率压缩试验来确定沥青混合料的破坏特性.确定了破坏参数、应力的勒贝格范数和虚劲度模量之间的关系,进而用线性分段法计算了沥青混合料的黏弹性应变.利用该模型对不同条件下的恒应变率压缩试验结果进行了分析.结果表明:预测值和实测值吻合良好.     

Inconsistent choices in Stated Choice data;Use of the logit scaling approach to handle resulting variance increases

The scaling approach is a statistical estimation method that allows for differences in the amount of unexplained variation in different types of data, which can then be used together in the analysis. This approach has been mostly used in context of combining Stated Preference and Revealed Preference data, but has also been used as a method of identifying systematic differences in the variance of choices within a single Stated Preference data set, e.g. for investigation of learning and fatigue effects. This paper investigates whether a scaling approach is suitable for handling inconsistencies in Stated Choice data. Both the number of inconsistent choices, based on a test of violations of the transitivity axiom, and education are used as scaling variables. Scaling effects appear to exist due to inconsistent choices, and the amount of unexplained variance is shown to increase as the number of inconsistent choice increase. Scaling due to inconsistencies significantly improves the models and reduces the valuations of travel time. In addition, the scaling approach makes the valuations of travel time from the Stated Choice data more consistent with the valuations from Contingent Valuation data included in the same study. In spite of the fact that education is the only significant explanatory variable for the number of inconsistent choices, scaling due to education gives no significant improvement in the model.     

带地梁的新型半整体式无缝桥梁温度效应研究

为了了解带地梁的新型无缝桥梁在温度变化下吸纳梁体变形的能力及接线路面的裂缝分布和发展规律,推导了带地梁无缝桥梁在温度作用下的内力与变形计算公式,编译了相应的接线路面配筋计算程序,进行了足尺带地梁无缝桥梁的试验研究,同时对比了带地梁无缝桥梁试验结果与理论计算结果。结果表明:带地梁的新型无缝桥梁能很好地传递梁体变形,实现对梁体变形的吸呐;按照程序的计算结果进行接线路面的配筋设计是安全的。     

新意法隧道设计施工概述

20世纪70年代中期,意大利的Pietro Lunardi教授开始研究并逐步创立了岩土控制变形分析法（ADECO-RS法）,该方法用中文解释为“新意法”。介绍新意法的理论基础、新意法隧道设计施工的基本步骤以及新意法与新奥法的不同之处,为新意法在我国的推广应用提供参考。     

Design of robust fuzzy controller for ship course-tracking based on RBF network and backstepping approach

1 Introduction1 Recently, adaptive control approaches based on fuzzy neural network (FNN) have been studied in a lot of papers [1–4]. FNN combines the capability of fuzzy reasoning in handling uncertain information and the capability of artificial neural…     

考虑土体非均质各向异性特征及地震效应的挡墙主动土压力分析

在岩土工程的稳定性分析中一般假定土体材料为均质且各项同性.事实上,由于其复杂的地质成因和天然沉积作用,土体的力学性质受空间位置的不同而发生显著的改变,表现为明显的非均质和各向异性.针对这一问题,基于离散法和极限分析上限定理建立非均质和各向异性填土挡土墙的破坏机制;同时,引入拟动力法考虑了地震力对主动土压力的影响.同等条...     

贵州清水江城景水电站通航水流条件优化试验研究

城景水电站是利用三板溪水库回水的长期消落水头而兴建的水电站,可有效地改善上游河道的航运水流条件。设计船闸布置于泄洪闸中间,枢纽泄洪方式对上下游引航道及口门区水流条件影响大;下游引航道口门区位于弯道凸岸,通航水流条件复杂难以满足通航安全要求。针对以上问题,通过1:80比尺的整体枢纽模型,研究下游不利通航水流条件的成因。通过降低通航标准、设置导流墩、疏浚凸岸岸线、优化枢纽调度,使引航道及口门区通航水流条件满足通航规范要求,为枢纽通航设计提供了可靠依据。     

复合材料杆件模态参数的识别研究

基于杆件纵向振动理论,推导了复合材料杆试件的机械阻抗解析公式,并用瑞利法计算了无阻尼离散系统的模态质量和基频.在机械阻抗平台上,采用单点激振法进行实验,得到频域内复合材料杆件的机械阻抗数据.用实验方法、解析方法和混合方法进行了模态参数的初步识别.然后,用非线性最小二乘方法中的Levenberg-Marquardt算法求得了模态参数的最优值.研究结果显示:采用优化参数的单自由度离散系统模型与实验结果吻合良好,在实验频段可以较好地描述复合材料试件的动力学特性.     

自由衰减模型试验的横摇阻尼评估方法研究(英文)

The methodology to obtain the non-linear roll damping from decay tests is very old. It has been proposed by Froude in the 19th century and used from then on. Behind it there is a quadratic model [θ│θ│] for the damping and a subsequent equivalent linearization. Probably all model basin in the world follows this approach to assess the damping from a decay test. This is well documented and so is the methods to get the p1-p2 coefficients. This is very general in the sense that in principle,it could be applied t...     

引航道与河流主航道的夹角对通航条件影响试验

分析总结了山区河流通航建筑物引航道与河流主航道夹角形成的因素。通过概化物理模型和船模航行试验,研究了船闸布置在弯道凸岸以及引航道与河道斜交布置2种条件下,引航道与河流主航道不同夹角时,口门区和连接段的通航条件。试验表明,当船闸布置在弯道凸岸附近,河道流速为1.5～2.0 m/s时,转弯夹角宜小于20°;当引航道与河道斜向布置,河道流速为1.5 m/s时,夹角宜小于等于25°,当河道流速为2.0～2.5 m/s时,夹角宜小于等于20°。