Dynamic simulation of train–truck collision at level crossings

Trains crashing onto heavy road vehicles stuck across rail tracks are more likely occurrences at level crossings due to ongoing increase in the registration of heavy vehicles and these long heavy vehicles getting caught in traffic after partly crossing the boom gate; these incidents lead to significant financial losses and societal costs. This paper presents an investigation of the dynamic responses of trains under frontal collision on road trucks obliquely stuck on rail tracks at level crossings. This study builds a nonlinear three-dimensional multi-body dynamic model of a passenger train colliding with an obliquely stuck road truck on a ballasted track. The model is first benchmarked against several train dynamics packages and its predictions of the dynamic response and derailment potential are shown rational. A geometry-based derailment assessment criterion is applied to evaluate the derailment behaviour of the frontal obliquely impacted trains under different conditions. Sensitivities of several key influencing parameters, such as the train impact speed, the truck mass, the friction at truck tyres, the train–truck impact angle, the contact friction at the collision zone, the wheel/rail friction and the train suspension are reported.     

高速高频船舶舵机系统动态特性分析与研究

为船舶高速高频舵机的设计提供理论依据和技术支撑,提出了基于ADAMS、SIMULINK和AMESim的联合仿真分析的新方法,分析了船舶舵机分系统单元、非线性因素与整机系统动态特性的关系。基于ADAMS、SIMULINK和AMESim建立了船舶舵机系统联合仿真模型,从时频角度研究了变量泵、控制系统、反馈机构及传感器的特性,以及间隙、死区、泄露、灵敏度等非线性因素对舵机系统频响特性的影响关系和规律,得出了高速高频舵机设计的一般准则。     

叶片数对喷水推进低比转速轴流泵叶轮水动力性能的影响

喷水推进低比转速轴流泵是随着喷水推进技术的发展而产生的一种新泵型。针对一型低比转速轴流泵叶轮叶片数分别选取为5、6、7建立三组叶轮模型,选择RNG k-ε两方程涡粘模型进行叶轮内流场与功率、总压扬程、效率的数值模拟计算,得到三组叶轮的相关水动力曲线。在此基础上分析叶片数对低比转速轴流泵叶轮水动力性能的影响,得到叶片数对功率、总压扬程与工况点影响较大,而基本不影响最高效率的结论,为我国该类泵型的深入研究提供参考。     

离心泵叶轮进口前非定常流动研究

以一离心泵为对象,进行模型泵叶轮进口前非定常流动的PIV试验及数值模拟。基于PIV试验结果可知,在不同流量工况下,吸入管内均存在着较为强烈的预旋流动,预旋流的方向与叶轮旋转方向一致。且泵偏离设计流量工况越大、与叶轮距离越近,预旋流的绝对速度越大。同时,应用数值模拟的方法,详细分析了吸入管内部流场中涡线、压力脉动等的非定常变化,得出在小流量工况下,吸入管内非定常预旋流动将会引起与叶轮转频较为接近的压力脉动,从而对整个泵系统造成严重危害。     

地铁内排水泵站的设置

介绍了地铁内排水泵站的设置原则,以及各类泵站的设置位置、泵站最大排水量、集水池有效容积大小、泵站应采取的监控方式等方面的内容。应在考虑可能的施工方法、正常运营和事故情况下可能产生的废水量、泵站失去工作能力时对地铁影响等因素的基础上,再确定泵站的能力、控制方式、设备选型等。     

高顶双卧重型卡车改装设计

论述了汽车改装业的现状和发展趋势,详细介绍了东风EQ1411型高顶双卧重型卡车车身改装设计的原则、过程和特点。     

Failure mode and effects analysis of dual levelling valve airspring suspensions on truck dynamics

Failure mode and effects analysis are performed for a dual levelling valve pneumatic suspension to determine the effect of suspension failure on tractor–semi-trailer dynamics, using a detailed model of suspension pneumatics coupled with a truck dynamic model. A key element of failure analysis in suspensions with one or two levelling valves is determining the effect on the vehicle body roll when one or more failures occur. The failure modes considered are mainly the suspension pneumatic components, including clogged levelling valve, bent control rod, disabled lever arm, and punctured or leaking connectors and pipes. The pneumatic suspension is modelled in AMESim, with critical parameters established through component testing. Upon validating the AMESim component model experimentally, the pneumatic suspension model is integrated into TruckSim for studying the consequences of suspension failure on truck dynamics. The simulation results indicate that the second levelling valve in a dual-valve arrangement brings a certain amount of failure redundancy to the system, in the sense that when one side fails, the other side can compensate for the failure. Equipping the trailer with dual levelling valves brings an additional stabilising effect to the vehicle in the event of tractor suspension failure.     

柴达木盆地冻融、盐蚀环境下混凝土腐蚀机理及耐久性研究

为研究柴达木盆地地区强腐蚀环境下混凝土结构的耐久性,配制与现场土壤腐蚀浓度相近的腐蚀性溶液,对掺加特定外加剂的不同强度等级混凝土试件进行冻融、盐浸循环试验,通过检测试件的电通量、强度损失率、质量损失率等参数研究其腐蚀规律及耐久性.试验结果表明,在强腐蚀环境下,低强度混凝土耐久性较差;掺加抗冻防腐剂后混凝土密实性可提高2...     

风冷热泵冷热水机组的稳态模拟和试验研究

建立了风冷热泵冷热水机组的稳态模型,并在试验台上进行了试验验证,系统在制冷和制热两种模式下运行,模拟值和试验值吻合良好,试验结果表明合理设计的过冷段换热器可以使冷凝器出口制冷剂产生一定的过冷度,并且在制热模式下融化一部分风侧换热器底部的结冰.     

"圆齿-共轭曲线"内啮合齿轮泵的齿廓设计和大圆弧拟合

以无填隙片结构的1齿差内啮合齿轮泵为例介绍共轭齿廓的求法及拟合;强调了曲线的内、外包络是其内、外法向等距线而不是平行等距线的概念.给出了"圆齿-共轭曲线"齿廓的解析解及工程实用的高精度圆弧拟合实例.