深圳湾海底淤泥大变形固结试验研究

深圳湾海底淤泥含水量很高,在外加荷载作用下,其固结压缩过程具有明显的大变形特征。选取深圳湾西部通道口岸处海水下3 m海底淤泥制作土样,对重塑土样进行固结及渗透交叉试验。通过测定土样的孔压、压缩变形以及渗透过程中的排水量,研究深圳湾海底淤泥的体积压缩系数、大变形固结系数的变化规律。研究结果表明:深圳海底淤泥的大变形固结系数在常用荷载内变化不大,设计估算时可作为常数,而体积压缩系数在固结过程中随孔隙比的变化较大,如假定其为常量采用简化的解析求解,会使得出的结果误差较大,甚至大于采用Terzaghi固结理论计算的偏差。     

高速公路软土地基固结系数反分析

基于地基固结理论,提出了考虑地基加固区下卧层修正的沉降资料反演固结系数的计算方法。结合通启高速公路沉降资料,反算出固结系数,相对室内固结试验成果高出1~2个数量级。并应用于计算路基沉降,与实验室测得的固结系数计算的沉降曲线进行对比和分析,得出了一些结论和建议。     

未打穿散体材料桩复合地基固结解析研究

继续发展考虑应力集中效应的未打穿散体材料桩复合地基固结解析理论,并分析此类地基的固结基本性状。研究表明,根据本文提出的数学模型,桩体渗透性、桩体刚度和打穿度对地基的固结速率有较大影响;沿用竖井固结理论进行计算得到的平均固结度较本文理论的计算结果偏小。     

三跨连续中承式拱桥结构受力性能研究

三跨连续中承式拱桥是近年来应用较多的一种桥型结构,根据桥面系同拱肋连接情况及拱脚基础的约束情况,分别建立3种受力形式的计算模型,对每种受力形式的变形、拱脚反力、桥面系梁及拱肋轴力、刚度等进行重点研究。分析结果表明,虽然外在形式相差不多,但3种桥梁结构形式的传力途径截然不同,表现出的内力反应也区别很大,应引起设计者足够的重视,在方案设计中,应针对不同的工程特点选取适合的三跨连续中承式拱桥的结构形式。     

改进有序组合树法在铁路普通零担货物拼箱配装中的应用

为优化铁路普通零担货物拼箱配装方案,以集装箱标记载重最大化为目标,建立0—1整数规划模型,利用改进的有序组合树算法对模型进行求解,得出最优拼箱配装方案。通过拼箱配装实例的计算,说明该算法解决零担拼箱配装问题具有一定的有效性和优越性。     

高铁CFG桩—筏复合地基固结解析解及特性

考虑桩—土在刚度、渗透性等方面的差异,建立端承型CFG桩—筏复合地基轴对称固结模型,推导桩间土的固结方程,并给出"单级等速加载"情况下固结方程的解析解;应用该解析解结合工程实例进一步研究置换率、桩—土压缩模量比、加荷速率地基设计参数对固结特性的影响.结果表明:桩的作用增大复合地基等价固结系数,固结速率随置换率、桩—土压...     

Combining pickups and deliveries in vehicle routing – An assessment of carbon emission effects

This paper studies the effect on carbon emissions of consolidation of shipments on trucks. New positioning and communication technologies, as well as decision support systems for vehicle routing, enable better utilization of vehicle capacity, reduced travel distance, and thereby carbon emission reductions. We present a novel carbon emission analysis method that determines the emission savings obtained by an individual transport provider, who receives customer orders for outbound deliveries as well as pickup orders from supply locations. The transport provider can improve vehicle utilization by performing pickups and deliveries jointly instead of using separate trucks. In our model we assume that the transport provider minimizes costs by use of a tool that calculates detailed vehicle routing plans, i.e., an assignment of each transport order to a specific vehicle in the fleet, and the sequence of customer visit for each vehicle. We compare a basic set-up, in which pickups and deliveries are segregated and performed with separate vehicles, with two consolidation set-ups where pickups and deliveries may be mixed more or less freely on a single vehicle. By allowing mixing, the average vehicle load will increase and the total driven distance will decrease. To compare carbon emissions for the three set-ups, we use a carbon assessment method that uses the distance driven and the average load factor. An increase in the load factor can reduce part of the emission savings from consolidation. We find that emission savings are relatively large in case of small vehicles and for delivery and pickup locations that are relatively far from the depot. However, if a truck visits many demand and supply locations before returning to the depot, we observe negligible carbon emission decreases or even emission increases for consolidation set-ups, meaning that in such cases investing in consolidation through joint pickups and deliveries may not be effective. The results of our study will be useful for transport users and providers, policymakers, as well as vehicle routing technology vendors.     

浅谈梁式桥的加固

介绍了几种梁式桥的加田方法,可供有关管理部门及施工单位在实际应用中参考.     

塑料排水板渗透率的确定和要因分析

针对软土地带地下渗流严重的问题,采用排水固结塑料板渗透率的确定进行分析,寻找合适的控制参数.     

喷射混凝土施工在双曲拱桥加固中的应用

简述了喷射混凝土施工在双曲拱桥加固中的操作规程和注意事项.