On the variance of recurrent traffic flow for statistical traffic assignment

This paper generalizes and extends classical traffic assignment models to characterize the statistical features of Origin-Destination (O-D) demands, link/path flow and link/path costs, all of which vary from day to day. The generalized statistical traffic assignment (GESTA) model has a clear multi-level variance structure. Flow variance is analytically decomposed into three sources, O-D demands, route choices and measurement errors. Consequently, optimal decisions on roadway design, maintenance, operations and planning can be made using estimated probability distributions of link/path flow and system performance. The statistical equilibrium in GESTA is mathematically defined. Its multi-level statistical structure well fits large-scale data mining techniques. The embedded route choice model is consistent with the settings of O-D demands considering link costs that vary from day to day. We propose a Method of Successive Averages (MSA) based solution algorithm to solve for GESTA. Its convergence and computational complexity are analyzed. Three example networks including a large-scale network are solved to provide insights for decision making and to demonstrate computational efficiency.     

Commuter ride-sharing using topology-based vehicle trajectory clustering: Methodology,application and impact evaluation

This paper illustrates a ride matching method for commuting trips based on clustering trajectories, and a modeling and simulation framework with ride-sharing behaviors to illustrate its potential impact. It proposes data mining solutions to reduce traffic demand and encourage more environment-friendly behaviors. The main contribution is a new data-driven ride-matching method, which tracks personal preferences of road choices and travel patterns to identify potential ride-sharing routes for carpool commuters. Compared with prevalent carpooling algorithms, which allow users to enter departure and destination information for on-demand trips, the proposed method focuses more on regular commuting trips. The potential effectiveness of the approach is evaluated using a traffic simulation-assignment framework with ride-sharing participation using the routes suggested by our algorithm. Two types of ride-sharing participation scenarios, with and without carpooling information, are considered. A case study with the Chicago tested is conducted to demonstrate the proposed framework’s ability to support better decision-making for carpool commuters. The results indicate that with ride-matching recommendations using shared vehicle trajectory data, carpool programs for commuters contribute to a less congested traffic state and environment-friendly travel patterns.     

学生体质健康状况动态分析与应对策略——以辽宁省交通高等专科学校为例

本文把在校大三学生为研究主体对象,对其3年的体质测试数据进行动态的形式分析,为准确地掌握学生的体质健康状况的变化规律和存在的问题,以便在日后的体育教学中科学地指导和有针对性的开展体育教学工作,更好地促进学生体质的健康发展和改进学校体育教学。     

Dynamic demand estimation and prediction for traffic urban networks adopting new data sources

Nowadays, new mobility information can be derived from advanced traffic surveillance systems that collect updated traffic measurements, both in fixed locations and over specific corridors or paths. Such recent technological developments point to challenging and promising opportunities that academics and practitioners have only partially explored so far.The paper looks at some of these opportunities within the Dynamic Demand Estimation problem (DDEP). At first, data heterogeneity, accounting for different sets of data providing a wide spatial coverage, has been investigated for the benefit of off-line demand estimation. In an attempt to mimic the current urban networks monitoring, examples of complex real case applications are being reported where route travel times and route choice probabilities from probe vehicles are exploited together with common link traffic measurements.Subsequently, on-line detection of non-recurrent conditions is being recorded, adopting a sequential approach based on an extension of the Kalman Filter theory called Local Ensemble Transformed Kalman Filter (LETKF).Both the off-line and the on-line investigations adopt a simulation approach capable of capturing the highly nonlinear dependence between the travel demand and the traffic measurements through the use of dynamic traffic assignment models. Consequently, the possibility of using collected traffic information is enhanced, thus overcoming most of the limitations of current DDEP approaches found in the literature.     

Optimal placement of omnidirectional sensors in a transportation network for effective emergency response and crash characterization

Rapid motor vehicle crash detection and characterization is possible through the use of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and sensors are an integral part of any ITS system. The major focus of this paper is on developing optimal placement of accident detecting omnidirectional sensors to maximize incident detection capabilities and provide ample opportunities for data fusion and crash characterization. Both omnidirectional sensors (placed in suitable infrastructure locations) and mobile sensors are part of our analysis. The surrogates used are acoustic sensors (omnidirectional) and Advanced Automated Crash Notification (AACN) sensors (mobile). This data fusion rich placement is achieved through a hybrid optimization model comprising of an explicit–implicit coverage model followed by an evaluation and local search optimization using simulation. The compound explicit–implicit model delivers good initial solutions and improves the detection and data fusion capabilities compared to the explicit model alone. The results of the studies conducted quantify the use of a data fusion capable environment in crash detection scenarios, and the simulation tool developed helps a decision maker evaluate sensor placement strategy.     

浅谈自锚式悬索桥的设计

通过对某主桥跨径为30m 72 m 30 m的自锚式悬索桥的计算、分析与评价,介绍该类桥梁设计的构思和受力特性,为同类桥型的推广提供技术参考.     

聚脂纤维沥青混合料性能的试验研究

在沥青混合料中掺加聚脂纤维,通过室内试验对沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、水稳定性等路用性能进行研究,对试验得出的各项路用性能指标进行有针对性的分析,得出加入聚脂纤维能有效改善沥青混合料的路用性能,但在使用上应根据具体工程的交通条件和气候条件,通过试验进行科学的选择.     

墩梁固结法在山区桥梁的应用

山区普通公路上的桥梁,具有高墩、小跨径的特点.为满足高墩的抗推要求,将高桥墩和主梁固结是一种有效的方法.文章结合百色水利枢纽库区道路复建工程中的大琶屯交通桥、者仙屯交通桥,通过对不同结构体系的对比,讨论墩梁固结结构的力学特性和经济性.     

浮冰冲击作用下的乙烯运输船体 舷侧结构强度分析

对无限航区的21000m3乙烯运输船舷侧结构,分别采用纵骨架式和横骨架式冰区加强设计。根据FSICR规范要求,更新舷侧冰带区域内构件尺寸,并针对艏部冰带区域内船体结构,分别建立了原始的、纵骨架式的和横骨架式的冰带结构设计有限元模型。通过强度计算,认为艏部冰带区新结构满足规范设计载荷要求。在此基础上,单独建立艏货舱冰区舷侧外板板架有限元模型,研究两种新设计形式适用的外板在更大浮冰冲击载荷作用下塑性变形。计算结果表明:纵骨架式结构外板塑性变形明显低于横骨架式。     

京津冀地区燃料电池汽车示范运行研究

本文在跟踪调研北京和张家口地区示范运营的燃料电池汽车的基础上,采集车辆的运营数据,完成了车辆运营里程、加氢量、百公里耗氢量、加氢次数、故障信息等数据指标的统计和分析对比,针对示范运营过程中存在的问题提出建议,论文研究结果在一定程度上概括和反映了2019年度京津冀地区燃料电池汽车的示范运营情况。