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11.
This paper concerns the development of a new decision support framework for the appraisal of transport infrastructure projects. In such appraisals there will often be a need for including both conventional transport impacts as well as criteria of a more strategic and/or sustainable character. The proposed framework is based on the use of cost-benefit analysis featuring feasibility risk assessment in combination with multi-criteria decision analysis and is supported by the concept of decision conferencing. The framework is applied for a transport related case study dealing with the complex decision problem of determining the most attractive alternative for a new fixed link between Denmark and Sweden – the so-called HH-connection. Applying the framework to the case study made it possible to address the decision problem from an economic, a strategic, and a sustainable point of view simultaneously. The outcome of the case study demonstrates the decision making framework as a valuable decision support system (DSS), and it is concluded that appraisals of transport projects can be effectively supported by the use of the DSS. Finally, perspectives of the future modelling work are given. 相似文献
12.
Athanasios Matzoros 《运输规划与技术》2013,36(3):215-237
This article reports on an implementation study of a computerised decision support system for public transport management for the Athens Public Transport Authority (APTA). The study analysed the current situation, specified user requirements, determined system functionality, designed the system architecture, organised the project and, finally, planned dissemination activities. The decision support system covers the main public transport management activities of APTA - transport service provision, economic and financial planning, passenger complaints and suggestions, and personnel management - offering its users the possibility to study the potential effects of their decisions before implementation. To achieve this, the system will consist of a data warehousing system, for the integrated management of a wide variety of data sources, and of online analytical processing tools, for information analysis and scenario testing. The system architecture has been designed to offer robustness, flexibility, rich functionality and open connectivity. The system aims to help APTA reduce operational costs and provide a better transport service, attracting more passengers to public transport and reducing, in the process, congestion and pollution. 相似文献
13.
PurposeIn Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) overlays, the existing cracks in the underlying pavements can propagate upward to the new added overlay and may cause Reflective Cracks (RC). These cracks allow water infiltration to the underlying layers and causes further moisture damage as well as weakening the unbound layers. Over the years, several methods have been developed for mitigating the RCs. This study aims to investigate the current reflective cracking mitigation methods and develop a methodology for the selection of appropriate mitigation technique. The developed model is then applied to a case study in the state of Florida.MethodTo accomplish this goal, a nationwide literature review was conducted to better understand the current in practice methods in the United States. Moreover, a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) in five different road types was performed to find the annuity of roadway rehabilitation for each of the mitigation methods. The uncertainty in the LCCA results is represented using Exploratory Modeling and Analysis (EMA) method. Then through a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model, a stochastic optimization model was developed to find the appropriate reflective cracking mitigation solution under Florida’s climate and road conditions, based on different cost and performance weights.ResultsBased on the available data for the state of Florida, the LCCA results indicate that the annuity of maintaining the roadway with Fabrics and ISAC are lower compared to other methods. However, the results of stochastic optimization model reveal that while looking at the performance and cost at the same time, different methods would be more feasible. For instance, while the cost of the used method does not matter at all and only performance matters, STRATA® is more probable to be the appropriate mitigation technique. The findings of this research are critical for decision makers to better understand the most cost-effective mitigation technique in different conditions. 相似文献
14.
An integral component of (in-vehicle) navigation systems is the determination of optimal routes to the desired destination. An implicit assumption in the underlying algorithms is that people do not make mistakes when following the prescribed routes. This is, however, not always consistent with reality, especially when driving in unfamiliar environments. This article presents a first look at the possibility of mistakes when driving. This possibility is formalized in a Markov decision process. It is demonstrated that quite paradoxical situations can occur when accounting for mistakes. As the most interesting—but perhaps extreme—example, we have shown that under certain conditions, it is no longer optimal to recommend drivers to take the shortest route. Instead, a longer route (in certain cases even the longest!) becomes optimal. Numerical results are provided throughout the article to reveal the fundamental properties of this problem. 相似文献
15.
针对群智能算法解决动力定位推力分配问题易陷入局部最优、计算时间长等不足,基于粒子群算法探索不同粒子决策变量对推力分配结果的影响。首先考虑推力分配目标力和力矩、推力限制、禁止角等约束条件,以推进器功率最优、磨损最小为优化目标建立了推力分配数学模型,构建了基于三种不同粒子决策变量的粒子群推力分配算法;其次以算法结果的适应度值、计算消耗时间的均值和方差量化算法的收敛性和实时性,对上述三种方法进行了仿真分析,仿真结果对比表明,基于本文提出的粒子决策变量搜索在收敛性和实时性上均达到最优,对粒子群算法解决推力分配问题有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
16.
目前,船体外板的制造主要是通过水火弯板工艺实现,而焰道的生成作为水火弯板工艺过程中的核心而备受关注。但由于钢材变化复杂,影响因子众多,难以得到有效的焰道。通过建立决策树模型来对钢板材料上的点进行对焰道点和非焰道点归类判定,进而得出可用于生成焰道的焰道点。实验表明,该模型对待测点的归类正确率达87.6%,能够对焰道点进行有效的判定和归类。 相似文献
17.
18.
基于数据仓库技术的铁路决策支持系统 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立基于数据仓库技术的铁路决策支持系统可以更有效地实现跨平台数据集中、多部门信息共享以及综合信息决策支持,是铁路信息化建设的重要组成部分.简要介绍数据仓库概念及其相关技术,并提出基于数据仓库技术的铁路决策支持系统解决方案. 相似文献
19.
Door-to-door transportation service for elderly and persons with disabilities is often called dial-a-ride (DAR), and is usually provided by transit agencies through private contractors. Growth in DAR ridership is reported across the United States and this tendency will likely continue due to aging population. Such trends encourage development of models that can provide decision support in planning new DAR systems or expanding existing ones. Several statistical models were previously developed to predict the required DAR system capacity, given various characteristics of the service region, level-of-service requirements and operator constraints. Our work contributes to this line of research by proposing statistical and machine learning approaches that provide more accurate predictions over a wider range of scenarios. This is accomplished through transformation of variables and application of generalized linear model and support vector regression. Proposed models are built into an online tool that can help transit planners and policy makers: (a) estimate the capacity and operating cost of a DAR system needed to provide the desired level of service, (b) explore tradeoffs between system costs and levels of service, and (c) compare the cost of providing DAR service with other transportation alternatives (e.g., taxi, conventional transit). 相似文献
20.
This paper studies the problem of evaluating the relative efficiency of a set of specialized and interdependent decision-making subunits that make up a large decision-making unit (DMU). The paper develops a data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach for measuring the efficiency of decision processes which can be divided into two stages. In these processes the first stage uses its own inputs to generate outputs which a part of these outputs become the inputs to the second stage. Moreover, DMUs use shared input sources in both operation stages. This paper provides a set of additive models which measure the performance of two-stage network DEA processes with shared inputs. Numerical examples show the applicability of the approach. 相似文献