“雪龙2”号科考破冰船柴油机健康管理与辅助决策系统

针对船舶主要机电设备维修采用的定期维修方式存在的效率低下、耗费资源等问题,对船舶柴油机故障预测和健康管理技术进行研究。以"雪龙2"号科考破冰船为例,详细介绍其柴油机健康管理与辅助决策系统的原理、组织架构、关键技术和系统主要功能模块,总结该系统在提高船舶柴油机运行的可靠性、安全性及维护保障等方面的重要地位和作用。     

铁路客运营销辅助决策系统分布式环境下数据交换策略

针对铁路客运营销辅助决策系统对大量数据及时交换的需求,提出基于任务配置、数据压缩、断点续传和日志控制的自动传输策略,以现有客票网络为数据传输和通信的载体,实现分布式网络环境下数据交换和信息共享,从而为客运生产和营销决策提供信息支持.     

城市轨道交通应急处置决策支持系统研究

目前,城市轨道交通在我国已进入了快速发展时期,建立应急处置决策支持系统对于提高城市轨道交通应急应变能力具有非常重要的理论和现实意义.本文详细分析城市轨道交通应急处置决策支持系统的功能,并在分析的基础上构建系统的框架结构.     

基于物联网的高速公路拥挤管理决策支持系统研究

探讨了利用手机定位技术实现交通参数采集新技术,构建了基于物联网的高速公路拥挤管理决策支持系统结构框架,并对组成结构中的感知层、网络层、处理层和应用层进行了阐述。基于决策支持系统结构框架,对系统实现的功能进行了描述。最后探讨了系统开发和实现的关键问题。     

A constraint programming model with time uncertainty for cooperative flight departures

The lack of a proper integration of strategic Air Traffic Management decision support tools with tactical Air Traffic Control interventions usually generates a negative impact on the Reference Business Trajectory adherence, and in consequence affects the potential of the Trajectory-Based Operations framework. In this paper, a new mechanism relaying on Reference Business Trajectories as a source of data to reduce the amount of Air Traffic Controller interventions at the tactical level while preserving Air Traffic Flow Management planned operations is presented. Artificial Intelligence can enable Constraint Programming as it is a powerful paradigm for solving complex, combinatorial search problems. The proposed methodology takes advantage of Constraint Programming and fosters adherence of Airspace User’s trajectory preferences by identifying tight interdependencies between trajectories and introducing a new mechanism to improve the aircraft separation at concurrence events considering time uncertainty. The underlying philosophy is to capitalize present degrees of freedom between layered Air Traffic Management planning tools, when sequencing departures at the airports by considering the benefits of small time stamp changes in the assigned Calculated Take-Off Time departures and to enhance Trajectory-Based Operations concepts.     

船舶机务管理信息系统的开发与应用

船舶机务管理信息系统,基于BIS的结构模式、系统模型结构、系统的安全性,与通常的管理信息系统相比,它具有预测和决策功能。系统投入应用后,根据用户的需求,顺利完成了系统数据库由SQLSERVER到oRACLE更换的实现。系统应用3年多,效果表明,该系统为船公司提高了管理效率,同时为管理上层提供了决策支持。     

Development of a knowledge-based hybrid failure diagnosis system for urban transit

Urban transit is a complex system that contains both electrical and mechanical entities; therefore, it is necessary to construct a maintenance system for ensuring safety during high-speed driving. Expert systems are computer programs that use numerical or non-numerical domain-specific knowledge to solve problems. This research aims to develop an expert system that diagnoses the causes of failures quickly and displays measures to correct them. For the development of this expert system, the standardization of a failure code classification and the creation of a Bill of Materials (BOM) were first performed. Through the analysis of both failure history and maintenance manuals, a knowledge base has been constructed. Also, for retrieving the procedure of failure diagnosis and repair linking with the knowledge base, we have built a Rule-Based Reasoning (RRB) engine with a pattern matching technique and a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) engine with a similar search method. Finally, this system has been developed as web based in order to maximize accessibility.     

Assessment of large transport infrastructure projects: The CBA-DK model

This paper presents a newly developed decision support model to assess transport infrastructure projects: CBA-DK. The model combines use of conventional cost–benefit analysis to produce aggregated single point estimates, with quantitative risk analysis using Monte Carlo simulation to produce interval results. The embedded uncertainties within traditional CBA such as ex-ante based investment costs and travel time savings are of particular concern. The paper investigates these two impacts in terms of the Optimism Bias principle which is used to take account of the underestimation of construction costs and the overestimation of travel time savings. The CBA-DK methodological approach has been used to apply suitable probability distribution functions on the uncertain parameters, thus resulting in feasibility risk assessment moving from point to interval results. The proposed assessment model makes use of both deterministic and stochastic based information. Decision support as illustrated in this paper aims to provide assistance in the development and ultimately the choice of action, while accounting for the uncertainties surrounding transport appraisal schemes. The modelling framework is illustrated by the use of a case study appraising airport and runway alternatives in the capital of Greenland – Nuuk. The case study has been conducted in cooperation with the Home Rule Authorities of Greenland.     

预防性养护决策技术研究现状与发展趋势

文章阐述了沥青路面预防性养护决策技术研究现状与发展趋势,从而提出了综合考虑采用宏观路况指标(如PCI或RQI)与微观路况指标(如车辙深度指数RD、裂缝率CR、松散率LR),用于判断适合进行预防性养护的路段范围。同时提出可以考虑以细化基于路况的方法为主,以费用效益分析为辅的方法来确定预防性养护的时机。     

Strategic planning support for road safety measures based on accident data mining

When actions and measures to increase road safety are to be planned by the police and local authorities, it is necessary to consider the specific accident circumstances as well as their historical, current, and predicted course. In particular, combinations of accident circumstances not contained in existing police statistics are often neglected, but may nevertheless be relevant, e. g., due to an increasing frequency. In order to identify these undiscovered interesting combinations, we propose a framework to support strategic planning of road safety measures based on several consecutive data mining stages. The scope, type, and location of road safety measures must be planned at a strategic level several months in advance to be fully effective. Therefore, it is essential to investigate and predict the accident circumstances and the temporal changes in their frequency comprehensively. Only with the knowledge, e. g., about the temporal pattern, locations, conditions of roads or speeds, meaningful actions can be derived. The embedded data mining approaches, i. e., frequent itemset mining, time series clustering, time series classification, forecasting, and scoring, are carefully selected, coordinated, and aligned. As a result, the framework provides police users with information about circumstances of accidents that are of interest in the future and presents their previous temporal and local patterns in a dashboard. In this study, the framework is applied in four different geographical regions. Thereby, default parameter settings for all approaches are found that are particularly suitable for the framework to investigate novel geographic regions.