基于保守时间窗的交通分布式仿真同步算法研究与实现

针对交通网络分布式仿真的时钟同步问题,提出了一种基于时间窗的保守性同步策略。分析对象(逻辑进程)间的关联事件,提出关联事件在进程间传递信息的延迟dij的估计方法,确定每个仿真对象的时间窗。以9个节点的示例网络为对象,实现了保守时间窗同步算法在交通网络模拟中的应用。实践表明,与其他同步算法相比这种策略具有建模容易、模拟效率高的特点。从而为满足智能运输系统中网络模拟大规模、高效率和实时动态的要求奠定了基础。     

Solution and Positive Solution to Nonlinear Cantilever Beam Equations

Using the decomposition technique of equation and the fixed point theorem, the existence of solution and positive solution is studied for a nonlinear cantilever beam equation. The equation describes the deformation of the elastic beam with a fixed end and a free end. The main results show that the equation has at least one solution or positive solution, provided that the ＂height＂ of nonlinear term is appropriate on a bounded set.     

国外隧道施工测量技术的现状和发展

在隧道施工中,将提高工效的宗旨贯穿于从初始开挖到最后的竣工验收,是每个施工企业所追求的目标,隧道工程的成功与否与隧道断面开挖的准确程度有着极大的关系。通过介绍瑞士尤特利（Uetliberg）隧道在施工测量中应用TMS Solution隧道测量系统的详细内容和方法,对国内的建设和监理单位对隧道综合测量技术的认识和了解有一定意义。     

YBL6850C24aH型客车振动问题分析及解决方案

针对YBL6850C24aH型客车路试中出现的一系列振动问题,文章进行了必要的理论分析,并提出一套完整的解决方案,最终使之得到较好改善.     

基于熵值加权逼近理想排序技术的城乡公交线网结构比较研究

为比较江苏南部和浙江北部两个典型发达地区的城乡公交线网结构,选择了海宁市、海盐县、张家港市和吴江区4 个县级行政区作为样本,借助Transcad 4.5 软件计算线网密度、非直线系 数、重复系数、连通度、站点覆盖率、平均站距等6 个城乡公交线网结构指标属性值并进行标准化,采用熵值加权逼近理想排序技术作为评价方法,通过利用评价指标固有信息来判别指标权重,计算城乡公交线网结构评价值与正、负理想解的距离后得到评价值与理想解的贴近度。对4 个样本的贴近度进行排序,发现张家港市城乡公交线网结构最佳,其后依次为吴江区、海宁市、海盐县,总的来说苏南样本优于浙北样本,两地城乡公交线网结构仍有改善空间。     

Coordinated online in-vehicle routing balancing user optimality and system optimality through information perturbation

The inconsistence between system optimality and user optimality represents one of the key difficulties on network traffic congestion control. The advanced connected vehicle systems, enabling smart vehicles to possess/exchange real-time information and conduct portable computation, provide new opportunities to address this challenge. Motivated by this view, this study proposes a coordinated online in-vehicle routing mechanism with intentional information provision perturbation (CRM-IP), which seeks to shape individual vehicles online routing decisions so that user optimality and system optimality are balanced, by exploiting bounded rationality of the users. The proposed CRM-IP is modeled as a pure strategy atomic routing game, and implemented by a sequentially updating distributed algorithm. The mathematical analysis is conducted to quantify the absolute gain of system optimality corresponding to the loss of user optimality resulting from a given level of the information perturbation in the worst case so that the efficiency of the information perturbation can be evaluated. Furthermore, numerical experiments conducted based on City of Sioux Falls network investigate the average effects of the CRM-IP on system optimality and user optimality under various network traffic conditions, comparing to the CRM developed by Du et al. (in press). The results indicate that the improvement of system optimality and the reduction of individual vehicles’ travel time from the CRM is more significant when the network traffic is under an mild congestion state, such as under the levels of service (LOS’s) C, D, and E, rather than under extremely sparse or congested states, such as under LOS’s A and B, or F. Moreover, higher level of information perturbation benefits system optimality more, but the marginal effect decreases after the perturbation reaching certain level, such as $\lambda =0.1$ in this case study. In addition, a portion of vehicles may sacrifice user optimality due to the information perturbation, but the extent of the sacrifice is not significant, even though it increases with the information perturbation level. Hence, a small information perturbation is recommended to achieve an efficient network traffic control through the CRM-IP. Overall, this study proposes the CRM-IP as an efficient routing mechanism, which has a great potential to guide the routing decisions of individual vehicles so that their collective behavior improve network performance in both system optimality and user optimality.     

基于TTCAN的燃料电池系统分布式控制系统设计

以32位单片机MC68376及8位单片机C8051F040为核心芯片设计了基于TTCAN的燃料电池系统分布式控制系统。该设计在硬件上高度切合燃料电池系统的特点;在软件上以嵌入式实时操作系统为平台;在通信网络上采用TTCAN的概念对传统CAN网络进行有序化;在控制策略上采用负载跟随的算法。台架试验表明,该分布式控制系统具有较好的软硬件稳定性和可靠性。     

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks sampling protocols for traffic monitoring and incident detection in Intelligent Transportation Systems

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are an emerging technology soon to be brought to everyday life. Many Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) services that are nowadays performed with expensive infrastructure, like reliable traffic monitoring and car accident detection, can be enhanced and even entirely provided through this technology. In this paper, we propose and assess how to use VANETs for collecting vehicular traffic measurements. We provide two VANET sampling protocols, named SAME and TOME, and we design and implement an application for one of them, to perform real time incident detection. The proposed framework is validated through simulations of both vehicular micro-mobility and communications on the 68 km highway that surrounds Rome, Italy. Vehicular traffic is generated based on a large real GPS traces set measured on the same highway, involving about ten thousand vehicles over many days. We show that the sampling monitoring protocol, SAME, collects data in few seconds with relative errors less than 10%, whereas the exhaustive protocol TOME allows almost fully accurate estimates within few tens of seconds. We also investigate the effect of a limited deployment of the VANET technology on board of vehicles. Both traffic monitoring and incident detection are shown to still be feasible with just 50% of equipped vehicles.     

Fair dynamic resource allocation in transit-based evacuation planning

Resource allocation in transit-based emergency evacuation is studied in this paper. The goal is to find a method for allocation of resources to communities in an evacuation process which is (1) fair, (2) reasonably efficient, and (3) able to dynamically adapt to the changes to the emergency situation. Four variations of the resource allocation problem, namely maximum rate, minimum clearance time, maximum social welfare, and proportional fair resource allocation, are modeled and compared. It is shown that the optimal answer to each problem can be found efficiently. Additionally, a distributed and dynamic algorithm based on the Lagrangian dual approach, called PFD²A, is developed to find the proportional fair allocation of resources and update the evacuation process in real time whenever new information becomes available. Numerical results for a sample scenario are presented.     

解决ZPW-2000A型无绝缘轨道电路对DX3型道口信号干扰问题

文章对叠加在ZPW-2000A型无绝缘轨道电路上的DX5型道口信号设备错误报警问题，提出了合理的解决方案。