谈口译教学中的技能训练

文章认为英语专业口译课教学的重点应以技能训练为中心,并辅之以语言训练,探讨了培养学生综合素质的问题,同时介绍了几种常见的技巧:记忆技巧、笔记技巧、公众演说技巧等。     

新形势下水手工艺教学培训的改革

水手工艺是船舶的一项具体工作,文章就水手工艺教学的内容、方法、技巧等方面的改革展开了讨论,以安全、实用、快速、增效为目的,提高水手的综合技能,培养符合国内外船东要求的海船水手。     

特定工况下自动变速器汽车驾驶技术研究

对装备自动变速器的汽车在某些特定工况下的正确驾驶技术，如发动机的起动、汽车起步、超车、临时停车、倒车、停放及进入车库，被牵引，以及恶劣天气下的行驶等进行研究，从而为提高这类车辆的使用可靠性、降低其运营成本和延长其使用寿命提供可靠的保证。主题词：汽车自动变速器驾驶技术研究     

Handling qualities evaluation method based on actual driver characteristics

The present study proposes an objective handling qualities evaluation method using driver-in-the-loop analysis. The driving simulator experiments were performed for various driving conditions, drivers and vehicle dynamics. The response characteristics of the driver model and the closed-loop system were analyzed. The analysis revealed the driving strategies clearly, indicating the importance of closed-loop analysis. Using the identified driver model and its strategies, a cost function of the handling qualities was constructed. The cost function can be used to estimate the handling qualities analytically from the vehicle dynamics. The proposed method was validated by comparison with the handling qualities evaluation rated by the driver's comments.     

纯电动汽车永磁同步电机引起车内啸叫的分析及优化

纯电动汽车永磁同步电机是影响整车的NVH性能主要激励源之一,通过对驱动电机定子的分析与优化,能有效降低电机谐频激励,减小电机振动,从而提高整车NVH舒适性。文章以一款纯电动车型为例,重点讲述通过测试排查减速能量回收车内啸叫问题,确认驱动电机24阶、48阶激励通过结构和空气传递到车内,引起车内中高频啸叫声,最终优化驱动电机定子绕组得以改善,达到优化车内噪声的目的,为纯电动汽车NVH性能开发和优化提供参考与借鉴。     

基于西安市工况的纯电动汽车仿真分析

文章基于聚类分析结果,使用比功率分布方法构建出西安市2路公交线路拥堵、比较通畅、通畅三类工况和综合行驶工况。基于Cruise搭建纯电动汽车整车模型,并基于所建综合行驶工况对纯电动汽车进行仿真分析。     

运用盾构掘进参数跟踪判断滚刀损坏的研究

目前盾构滚刀磨损的判断通常是经验性的。文章在文献[6]运用盾构掘进参数判断刀具损坏的分析计算方法基础上,进一步考虑了土舱压力的影响,对掘进速度和刀盘扭矩计算模型进行了修正;依托具体工程实例,运用修正计算模型分别对土压平衡盾构、泥水平衡盾构以及TBM等在硬岩中的掘进数据与滚刀情况进行了跟踪判别研究。结果表明,计算结果与滚刀磨损情况比较吻合,该方法对判断滚刀损坏具有可行性、参考性。     

Development of Malaysian urban drive cycle using vehicle and engine parameters

Vehicles travelling in actual urban areas are mostly in idle, low or medium speeds, which reflects engine part-load condition. These regularly visited engine conditions, in reality affect the fuel economy during actual driving. Thus, understanding the characteristics of the actual driving conditions will enable many other benefits besides legislation. This paper presents the development of a preliminary Malaysian urban drive cycle with the inclusion of the engine parameters and characteristics, acquired through an actual urban driving on numerous urban roads in Malaysia that represents the actual consumer’s daily driving experience. The actual engine parameters and its characteristics are integrated into the assessment measures in an attempt to formulate representable drive cycle and fuel consumption data. The initial drive cycle is composed of 17 sequences selected from the actual on-the-road conditions to represent the Malaysian urban driving. The average fuel economy of the established Malaysian urban drive cycle was then measured on a test bench using the same engine from the vehicle. The recorded fuel economy with Malaysian urban drive cycle is 8.5% below the actual Malaysian urban driving which is closer estimation to the actual driving compared to the current in-practice NEDC which shows to be 43.1% below the actual Malaysian urban driving. Thus, Malaysian urban drive cycle is better in representing the Malaysian urban driving conditions compared to the NEDC in terms of the average fuel economy measurements.     

Application of a driving simulator to the development of in-vehicle human-machine-interfaces

The use of a driving simulator in the development of human-machine-interfaces (HMI) such as a navigation, information or entertainment system is discussed. Such use addresses the need to study and evaluate the characteristics of a candidate HMI early in the R&D and design stage to ensure that it is likely to meet various objectives and requirements, and to revise the HMI as may be necessary. Those HMI requirements include such things as usability, driver comfort, and an acceptable level of attentional demand in dual task conditions (driving while using an HMI). Typically, such an HMI involves an information display to the driver, and a means for driver input to the HMI. Corresponding simulator requirements are discussed, along with typical simulator features and components. The latter include a cab, control feel systems, visual image generator, real time scenario control (task definitions), a motion system (if provided), and data acquisition. Both fixed and moving base systems are described, together with associated benefits and tradeoffs. Considerations in the design of the evaluation experiment are discussed, including definition of primary and secondary tasks, and number of driver subjects (experimental participants). Possible response and performance measures for the primary and secondary tasks are noted, together with subjective measures such as task difficulty and ease of using the HMI. The advantages of using a driving simulator to support R&D are summarized. Some typical and example simulator uses are noted.