On the slack phenomena and snap force in tethers of submerged floating tunnels under wave conditions

Under severe sea wave conditions, the mooring tethers of submerged floating tunnel (SFT) might go slack. It may cause the structure failure during the service lifetime of SFT. The paper investigated SFT dynamics when going through tether slacking and the related snap force under wave conditions. Besides the nonlinearity of fluid drag and of structural geometry for a relative large structure displacement, the problem is characterized by the nonlinearity due to the discontinuity in axial stiffness of the tethers. To include these nonlinearities, the method of Lagrange energy is used to build the governing equations of SFT motion, and a bilinear oscillator is introduced to simulate the mooring tether operating in an alternating slack-taut state. The sensitivities of the occurrence of tether slacking to wave height and wave period are investigated. Results show that at a large wave height SFT tether will go slack and snap force occurs. SFT responses are categorized into three types of state according to the dynamic response characteristics of tether tension. Effects of two fundamental structure parameters, buoyancy-weight ratio (BWR) and inclined mooring angle (IMA), on the dynamic responses of SFT are analyzed. A slack-taut map of SFT tethers is built. It intuitively describes the occurrences of slack and snap force with different combinations of the two parameters. An analytical approach for slack prediction by deriving the slack criterion is provided to reveal the mechanism of the presented slack-taut map. By present research, the authors tried to make their effort to provide an alternative philosophy for SFT structural design on concerning preventing the occurrence of tether slacking and snap force.     

Nonlinear dynamic behaviour of a railway wheelset

Nonlinear dynamic systems are well known to contain certain characteristic additional phenomena compared with linear systems. One example is the fact that nonlinear systems can have multiple stable solutions for one set of parameters. In that case, which one of the multiple stable solutions will be realised will depend on the initial conditions. From the domains of initial conditions which are domains of attraction, probabilities of occurrence of the stable solutions can be calculated. The described dynamical behaviour is studied in the present paper using two examples. To introduce the basic phenomena, the well-known academic Duffing oscillator with harmonic excitation is considered. Domains of attraction are shown for the two stable solutions and the probability of occurrence of the two solutions in the case of equally distributed initial conditions is calculated. The main example to be considered in this paper is the railway wheelset, which is known to show (depending on the nonlinearities in the model) a subcritical Hopf bifurcation depending on the vehicle speed. In that case a range of speeds exists, where a stable trivial solution and a stable limit cycle solution coexist in addition to an unstable limit cycle solution. Again domains of attraction of the two stable solutions are calculated and their dependence on the vehicle speed is shown. The probabilities of occurrence of the two stable solutions are calculated, where special interest is given to the probability of occurrence of the undesired limit cycle solution.     

用混频环单元实现某分析接收机的二本振信号源

详细地介绍了用混频环来实现本振单元的主要思想和具体的电路力，并进行了详细的讲述，主要思想：经过鉴相器的鉴相以后，得到误差信号，经过放大器的放大以后，分成二路到VCO，控制VCO输出信号的频率。一路是高端信号频率，输出二本振信号范围在800．6～798．6MHZ，另一路是低端信号频率，输出二本振信号范围在320．6～318．6MHZ。至于选择哪一路，受计算机输出信号的控制。     

二次交通事故Duffing振子模型研究

为了揭示二次交通事故的演变特性,预防二次交通事故的发生,在描述Duffing振子模型的基础上,分析二次交通事故的混沌特性,并建立混沌模型.在仿真环境下,改变模型参数值,得到系统出现周期振荡状态和混沌状态的系统结构条件,并绘制出相平面图和根轨迹图.实例分析结果表明,Duffing振子模型可用于二次交通事故演变过程分析,仿真结果为采取有效的二次交通事故预防措施提供了理论依据.     

非线性耦合谐振子模型的一种对角化解法

利用Wegner流方程方法研究非线性谐振子和非线性耦合谐振子系统。对非线性谐振子系统,计算出系统参数随流参数变化的一组方程及系统的能级;对耦合的非线性谐振子系统,得出系统参数随流参数变化的一组非线性方程,数值分析对角化了系统。     

非线性管土耦合条件下悬跨管道涡激振动响应时域预报

海底悬跨管道与海床耦合呈现高度非线性,使得发展一种时域预报方法成为需要.文章运用有限元法对输液张紧悬跨管道进行空间离散,并应用Facchinetti等改进的尾流振子模型和切片假定模拟每个有限单元上的涡激振动水动力,发展了一种悬跨管道-海床-流场多场耦合的非线性时域预报方法.在合理选取尾流振子模型附加水动力阻尼参数的基础上,时域预报了线性、理想塑性和张力截断弹簧模型下悬跨管道的涡激振动响应.研究结果表明,基于尾流振子的时域预报方法能够合理地描述非线性管土耦合边界下VIV响应;非线性边界条件下,锁定产生的最大响应幅值低于线性结果.     

基于混沌理论的微弱线谱信号检测研究

提出了一种基于Duffing振子的线谱信号检测方法。分析了Duffing方程的分叉特性以及利用其检测微弱周期信号的工作原理,在此基础上对此种混沌检测方法进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,此方法能准确检测出信噪比很低的微弱线谱信号,为水声领域线谱检测系统的设计提供了依据。     

对称Alpha稳定分布噪声下的Duffing振子检测方法

Duffing振子是利用系统对与策动力同频的小信号敏感而对噪声免疫实现微弱信号检测,特定分布下的噪声激励Duffing振子系统不会发生相变是应用该方法的前提条件。文中主要研究了服从Alpha稳定分布的噪声激励Duffing振子产生相变的鲁棒性问题,研究结果表明Duffing振子相变在Alpha稳定分布源的激励下为小概率事件。为消除小概率相变的影响,利用多支路并行检测及多数判决准则对常规的Duffing振子检测方法进行改进,即将待测信号分段截短周期延拓后送入多个并行Duffing振子检测单元,若检测单元多数发生相变,必然是由于弱目标信号而非噪声激励所致,即可判定检测信号中包含目标小信号。将该方法应用于水下目标回波信号的检测中,实测数据处理结果验证了该方法是有效的。     

混沌弱信号检测法在齿轮裂纹声发射检测中的应用

分析了Duffing振子的间歇混沌发生原理.研究了基于Duffing方程间歇混沌理论的混沌弱信号检测法,该方法对周期小信号具有敏感特性,能够在强噪声环境下实现对微弱周期小信号的检测.分别采用频谱分析法和混沌弱信号检测法对齿轮裂纹声发射实验数据进行检测,结果表明混沌弱信号检测法具有更高的检测精度和更强的抗干扰能力.     

基于萤火虫优化的BP神经网络算法研究

为了改进神经网络结构和参数的设置方法,在萤火虫算法和BP神经网络的基础上,提出了一种萤火虫算法优化BP神经网络的算法.该算法利用萤火虫算法得到更优的网络初始权值和阈值,弥补BP神经网络连接权值和阈值选择上的缺陷.将该算法应用到Duffing系统产生的混沌时间序列进行算法的有效性验证,并与BP神经网络进行比较,仿真结果表明该算法具有更高的预测准确性,从而证明该算法在该预测领城的可行性和有效性.