Evaluation of manatee habitat systems on the northwestern Florida coast

Abstract

Threats to the survival of West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus) vary throughout their range so that protection of this endangered species requires careful planning on a regional and local basis. The importance and vulnerability of various components of manatee habitats in the Crystal River area of northwestern Florida were assessed, using an ordinal‐combination mapping technique similar to procedures practiced in urban and regional planning. Habitat components were mapped and evaluated in juxtaposition with relevant characteristics of human use of the area, to identify areas of existing and potential manatee/human conflicts in need of reconciliation. Areas evaluated as the most important manatee habitats within this region include Crystal Bay and River, Homosassa River, and the Suwannee River estuary. Existing overlap of human activities with important manatee habitats is most critical near the urban communities of Crystal River and, to a lesser degree, Homosassa Springs. The need for integration of this ecological information into coastal land‐use planning is discussed.     

基于Mckyes Ali模型盾构刀具切削软土三维力学模型研究

为研究盾构法施工过程中任意位置刀具与软土之间的相互作用,基于朗肯被动土压理论,以Mckyes Ali理论建立的耕作刀具切土阻力模型为基础,考虑切削土与刀具、地层的法向力、黏聚力以及自身重力等,引入表示切刀任意位置的参变量L和Ψ,根据力的平衡原理,建立任意位置刀具的切削软土三维力学模型。最后,通过与已有模型对比,验证了该模型的准确性;通过编制Excel计算界面,保证了该模型工程应用的可行性。该模型适用于盾构任意位置切刀的受力分析,为刀盘刀具的地质适应性设计提供了更加全面的切刀受力计算公式。