青藏铁路格拉段运输能力分析

依据新建青藏铁路格拉段设计资料,按把全段分成一段和分成二段两种情况分别计算区间通过能力及货物输送能力。分析得出,仅在不预留"天窗"情况下,按格尔木～那曲和那曲～拉萨两段分别计算,年输送能力满足各段近、远期的运量需求;而在全年或半年每日预留180min"天窗"和按全段计算的各种情况,输送能力都不能完全满足运量需求。研究提出,在不开通预留车站条件下,在部分区间增设计轴装置并在相应区间采取列车连发运行,输送能力会随计轴设备设置数量的增加有不同程度的提高,根据需要在部分区间增设计轴设备后,可满足设计年度运量需求。     

双线铁路反向行车对正向线路通过能力和列车旅行速度的影响分析

通过对列车运行图结构分析,在确定旅客列车会车区和越行停留时间基础上,分别对不同等级反向列车产生的会车次数进行深入研究;运用列车组和价结构理论,对不同等级反向列车与不同正向列车组组合的情况下,对能力的影响进行分析。建立反向列车对正向线路通过能力和列车旅行速度影响的数学模型,分析其影响规律,认为铁路双线区段组织反向行车对线路通过能力和列车旅行速度都会产生一定的负面影响,并随列车开行数量和区间运行时间等影响因素的增加而增大。     

高等级公路路线设计与环境保护

论述了高等级公路路线设计与环保的关系,以及公路环保设计的方案.     

6500DWT成品油船侧推器选型要点

通过对本船侧推器与船舵桨的匹配优化分析，寻求侧推器容量估算的基本方法，为相类似船的侧推器选型和计算积累经验或提供借鉴。     

生态型环保厕所应用与投资分析

介绍了生态厕所的几种类型和处理工艺，对循环水冲厕的处理工艺进行了重点介绍，同时从经济技术角度对环保型厕所及普通厕所进行了分析比较。     

Capacity of Dual-Right-Turn Lanes at Signalized Intersections under Mixed Traffic Conditions

To explore the potential capacity of dual-right-turn lanes at signalized intersections under mixed traffic conditions, we defined two conflict zones between right turn vehicles and through bicycle corresponding to different right turn flows from dual-right-turn lanes. Relationships between the arrival rate of bicycle group at each conflict zone and the saturation flow rate of right turn movement were investigated. A model based on gap acceptance theory was adopted to estimate the capacity of dual-right-turn lanes under mixed traffic conditions. An analysis was carried out using the collected data from three four-leg signalized intersections in Beijing, China, where the dual-right-turn lanes were used. In addition, we also discussed the patterns of bicycle lane in the urban area of Beijing, and classified it based on its characteristics in use. It is concluded that the two lanes of dual-right-turn lanes produce different capacities under mixed traffic conditions, and the analysis on scenarios of dual-right-turn movement traversing bicycle traffic plays a key role in explaining the different capacity performance of the two right turn lanes. Error analysis of the model indicated that the model was rational.     

列车结构变动对车站通过能力影响的研究

在车站技术设备及作业组织方法不改变的条件下,列车结构变动是影响车站通过能力的主要因素,对车站到发线通过能力影响的程度主要取决于各种列车占用到发线的时间差。当时间差较大,客货列车占线时间比较小,则增开旅客列车对货物列车的影响较小。在固定作业时间不变的条件下,无调列车比提高对技术站通过能力产生正面影响。通过分析增加旅客列车和提高无调列车比对车站通过能力的影响因子,推导出车站通过能力变化情况的计算公式。以内江车站通过能力为例计算表明,如果车站固定作业时间保持不变,无调列车比由11%提高到30%,则到发线能力较原来提高8.2%,增效显著。     

An exploration of the importance of social influence in the decision to start bicycling in England

The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding, through qualitative exploration, of the ways in which social influence affects the decision to start bicycling in England. ‘Social influence’ is defined as the process by which an individual’s thoughts and actions are changed by the thoughts and action of others. Its role was investigated at three levels: the immediate family, household members and significant others (direct social influence); the extended family, friends, peers and colleagues (less direct social influence); and the wider cultural context (indirect social influence). Interviews with 61 individuals living in 12 towns and cities across England were analysed. Half of the interviewees were new regular bicyclists and the other half did not bicycle at all, or only occasionally. Social influence was found to be the dominant factor for a minority of the cases where participants started bicycling regularly. It played a role alongside other factors in other cases. It could take the form of direct influence from family, friends and peers or indirect influence from the social and cultural context. The analysis illustrates the difficulty of capturing social influence which is often hidden and emerges incidentally in the course of the interviews and interacts with other contributing factors. The role of social influence found in this research challenges the rational approach to explaining travel decision making that has traditionally dominated transport studies. The paper suggests that social processes could be harnessed to improve the efficacy of bicycling promotion programs.     

Quasi-dynamic traffic assignment with residual point queues incorporating a first order node model

Static traffic assignment models are still widely applied for strategic transport planning purposes in spite of the fact that such models produce implausible traffic flows that exceed link capacities and predict incorrect congestion locations. There have been numerous attempts to constrain link flows to capacity. Capacity constrained models with residual queues are often referred to as quasi-dynamic traffic assignment models. After reviewing the literature, we come to the conclusion that an important piece of the puzzle has been missing so far, namely the inclusion of a first order node model. In this paper we propose a novel path-based static traffic assignment model for finding a stochastic user equilibrium in general transportation networks. This model includes a first order (steady-state) node model that yields more realistic turn capacities, which are then used to determine consistent capacity constrained traffic flows, residual point (vertical) queues (upstream bottleneck links), and path travel times consistent with queuing theory. The route choice part of the model is specified as a variational inequality problem, while the network loading part is formulated as a fixed point problem. Both problems are solved using existing techniques to find a solution. We illustrate the model using hypothetical examples, and also demonstrate feasibility on large-scale networks.     

路基高边坡防护施工技术

结合工程实例,介绍了路基边坡防护施工技术方案。结果表明:锚杆钢筋混凝土拱形格及框格梁加固于三维网植草技术以重建植被生态系统和生物护坡为目标,是一种集边坡加固和环保功能于一体的生态防护技术。