瓜达尔港发展及布局研究

巴基斯坦瓜达尔港是中巴经济走廊的旗舰项目,也是中巴经济走廊西部唯一出海口,承担着未来走廊区域货物运输的重要任务。在对瓜达尔港现状及发展优势等分析的基础上,结合港口腹地的发展规划及产业发展趋势等的研究,提出瓜达尔港为中巴经济走廊出海口之一、巴基斯坦西部经济发展的支点、巴基斯坦重要港口、中亚五国出海口、南亚及毗邻中东的贸易中心的定位,同时结合城市布局做出"西湾发展旅游休闲功能,东湾发展城市服务及工业相关功能"的港口布局,并就今后港口开发提出建议。     

基于自适应神经网络的电力系统经济调度

为了适应新能源接入大电网的发展趋势,降低输电损耗,提出了考虑输电损耗的电力系统经济调度问题。提出根据功率平衡约束误差在线调整连续神经元更新步长的自适应方法,建立了基于增广的Lagrange-Hopfield神经网络的自适应神经网络算法,并且构建了该算法的仿真计算流程。从理论上证明了该算法的收敛性,论证了该算法具有快速的收敛速度。通过选取不同的更新步长参数求解实例,证明该算法可以在线调整步长,从而提高收敛速度,大幅减少迭代次数。     

Vehicle value of travel time savings: Evidence from a group-based modelling approach

The value of travel time savings (VTTS) accounts for a majority of the total user benefits in economic appraisal of transport investments. This means that having an accurate estimate of VTTS for different segments of travel continues to retain currency, despite there being a rich literature on estimates of VTTS for different travel modes, travel purposes, income groups, life cycles, and distance bands. In contrast, there is a dearth of research and evidence on vehicle VTTS, although joint travel by car is an important segment of travel. This paper fills this gap by developing a group-based modelling approach to quantify the vehicle VTTS and compares this with the VTTS for a driver with and without a passenger. An online survey was conducted in Sydney in 2014 and the data used to obtain a number of new empirical estimates of vehicle and driver VTTS. The new evidence questions the validity of various assumptions adopted in current practice for valuing the time savings of car passengers and multiple occupant cars.     

运杂费分析中经济运距分界点的确定

首先介绍两种被铁路工程广泛应用于经济运距分界点确定的最大距离相等法和平均运距相等法，并对这两种方法的直观性和正确性提出疑问。为合理确定经济运距分界点，在假定条件一致的情况下，从理论上提出用微积分的方法来解决此问题。然后将微积分法与最大距离相等法和平均运距相等法进行对比分析，得出原来使用的两种方法的前提和结论之间没有直观的因果关系，而平均运距相等法在理论上就是错误的结论。     

Assessing the cost and CO2e impacts of rerouteing UK import containers

Among the most important trade-related issues currently confronting the UK are the environmental implications of very large volumes of containerised freight being handled at a small number of ports while there appears to be significant potential for using other ports and water-rail intermodal connections. Six UK ports are selected for the analysis: Hull/Immingham, Liverpool, Felixstowe, Southampton, Dover and Bristol. Through an origin-destination analysis, the cost and CO₂e impacts of UK port trade patterns are compared using the actual situation against three proposed Scenarios: (1) the re-direction of containers by a combined expansion of Hull and Immingham; Liverpool; and Bristol, (2) moving containers by rail facilitated via expanded capacity at Southampton, and (3) moving containers by rail through expanded capacity at Felixstowe. The research found that transporting containers from Felixstowe and Southampton to the northern regions by rail has the lowest CO₂e impact, and is the most feasible option, although constraints exist in terms of infrastructure provision, water depth and rail network capacity.     

Electric vehicle parking in European and American context: Economic,energy and environmental analysis

The transportation sector faces increasing challenges related to energy consumption and local and global emissions profiles. Thus, alternative vehicle technologies and energy pathways are being considered in order to overturn this trend and electric mobility is considered one adequate possibility towards a more sustainable transportation sector.In this sense, this research work consisted on the development of a methodology to assess the economic feasibility of deploying EV charging stations (Park-EV) by quantifying the tradeoff between economic and energy/environmental impacts for EV parking spaces deployment. This methodology was applied to 4 different cities (Lisbon, Madrid, Minneapolis and Manhattan), by evaluating the influence of parking premium, infrastructure cost and occupancy rates on the investment Net Present Value (NPV). The main findings are that the maximization of the premium and the minimization of the equipment cost lead to higher NPV results. The NPV break-even for the cities considered is more “easily” reached for higher parking prices, namely in the case of Manhattan with the higher parking price profile. In terms of evaluating occupancy rates of the EV parking spaces, shifting from a low usage (LU) to a high usage (HU) scenario represented a reduction in the premium to obtain a NPV = 0 of approximately 14% for a 2500 € equipment cost, and, in the case of a zero equipment cost (e.g. financed by the city), a NPV = 0 was obtained with approximately a 2% reduction in the parking premium. Moreover, due to the use of electric mobility instead of the average conventional technologies, Well-to-Wheel (WTW) gains for Lisbon, Madrid, Minneapolis and Manhattan were estimated in 58%, 53%, 52% and 75% for energy consumption and 66%, 75%, 62% and 86% for CO₂ emissions, respectively.This research confirms that the success of deploying an EV charging stations infrastructure will be highly dependent on the price the user will have to pay, on the cost of the infrastructure deployed and on the adhesion of the EV users to this kind of infrastructure. These variables are not independent and, consequently, the coordination of public policies and private interest must be promoted in order to reach an optimal solution that does not result in prohibitive costs for the users.     

Nations and regions in transition

The workshop included presentations of nine papers covering very different types of situations and transitions. Some papers were region specific (Russia, Middle East, Asia, Europe, and two from Latin America) and others were of general applicability. The discussion highlights that virtually all cities and regions will go through one type of transition or another, sooner or later, and that the study of such transitions provides a very rich learning environment. The most important conclusion has been that in many cases the stability of supply and accessibility to public transport by all population segments is more important than competition and ownership.     

公路工程质量成本分析

通过分析公路工程质量成本及质量成本的关系，表明提高工程质量是降低成本的一种重要方法。     

对工程机械现行机动性评价指标的探讨

工程机械现行机动性评价指标是指工程机械的最小转向直径，而这并不能表征工程机械转向的全过程，也不能全面反映工程机械的机动性。在分析了工程机械转向的全过程和影响工程机械机动性的各种因素后，提出了一种更为合理和全面的工程机械机动性的检测评价指标。     

我国职业灾害的概况和对策

从重大恶性事故，职业灾害伤亡总数，职业危害，经济损失４个方面讨论了我国的职业灾害问题，并提出职业灾害控制措施。