紧急救援车辆实时行程时间研究

以分析紧急救援车辆行驶特性、行程时间影响因素为基础,运用波动理论建立紧急救援车辆实时路段行程时间预测模型,给出模型的标定方法,结合实际数据标定模型参数、检验模型精度。     

如何编制基层搜救中心海上险情应急预案

海上险情事故的发生是不可预见的。从众多案例中不难看出,险情发生后的搜救成功与否很大程度上有赖于一个完善的应急救援体系,而应急预案又是这个体系中最重要的组成部分。文章通过对目前一些基层搜救中心的应急预案存在的问题作深入分析,提出海上险情应急预案编制的原则和要求,以供各基层搜救中心编制应急预案时参考和借鉴。     

A decision support system for integrated hazardous materials routing and emergency response decisions

Hazardous materials routing constitutes a critical decision in mitigating the associated transportation risk. This paper presents a decision support system for assessing alternative distribution routes in terms of travel time, risk and evacuation implications while coordinating the emergency response deployment decisions with the hazardous materials routes. The proposed system provides the following functionalities: (i) determination of alternative non-dominated hazardous materials distribution routes in terms of cost and risk minimization, (ii) specification of the hazardous materials first-response emergency service units locations in order to achieve timely response to an accident, and (iii) determination of evacuation paths from the impacted area to designated shelters and estimation of the associated evacuation time. The proposed system has been implemented, used and evaluated for assessing alternative hazardous materials routing decisions within the heavily industrialized area of Thriasion Pedion of Attica, Greece. The implementation of the aforementioned functionalities is based on two new integer programming models for the hazardous materials routing and the emergency response units location problems, respectively. A simplified version of the routing model is solved by an existing heuristic algorithm developed by the authors. A new Lagrangean relaxation heuristic algorithm has been developed for solving the emergency response units location problem. The focus of this paper is on the exposition of the proposed decision support system components and functionalities. Special emphasis is placed on the presentation of the two new mathematical models and the new solution method for the location model.     

Learning from traffic data collected before,during and after a hurricane

Hurricanes harm people and damage property through extreme wind speeds and flooding associated with heavy rains and storm surge. One of the most effective and widely used tactics to protect people from hurricanes is evacuation. Improved knowledge of the behavior of communities before, during and after an evacuation can better support emergency planning and operations, and thus help make evacuations safer and more efficient. The objective of this work is to identify ways to use traffic data to better understand evacuation behavior and to explore ways to integrate traffic data into evacuation planning and response. Traffic data collected in Delaware before, during and after Hurricane Irene in August 2011 using automated traffic recorders are assembled and analyzed. The analysis shows that a significant number of residents and visitors evacuated from the beach communities and the evacuation patterns are very similar to the traffic patterns experienced on summer weekends. These insights suggest that this type of analysis may also be of value for other events in other communities.     

车载直流应急电源的研发

汽车蓄电池由于各种原因,经常出现亏电而不能启动的情况,随车电源是应急的首选,而目前有些随车充电设备中电池有热失控缺陷,会造成遇高温爆炸的风险,因此研究和开发便携的、安全的车载直流应急电源是有市场应用价值,该设备有永磁电机、变速机构、显示部分和辅助功能四个部分组成,优点是快速可靠的充电又不会产生危险。     

铁路应急通信系统的设计与开发

开发高效的铁路应急通信系统有利于减少事故损失,防止灾害扩大,这对于保障铁路的运输安全是至关重要的.首先针对铁路通信的现状及存在的问题,分析了铁路通信专网的拓扑结构,然后介绍了应急抢险通信系统的设计结构,根据功能划分出基本模块与各级设备的专用模块以便于灵活地进行系统的开发,最后分别从硬件和软件的角度描述了基本模块设计的概况.     

铁路应急通信系统应用

按照铁道部应急技术体制,结合我国铁路实际的现场情况,分析铁路应急通信系统的组成方式和应用模式,以及如何通过各种通信手段构建高效的多媒体指挥平台。     

铁路应急通信无线图像传输系统的研究与实现

通过分析应急行业的传输需求,引出无线图像传输系统的研究,并对系统的组成、原理和应用作了介绍。     

震后宝成线109号隧道抢险与加固

"5.12"汶川大地震后的宝成线109号隧道因地震造成火灾,隧道结构遭到严重破坏,线路受损,烧毁车辆停在隧道中,山体崩塌,落石不断,塌方造成隧道河侧出现"堰塞湖",加固过程中余震不断,病害不断变化。根据实际情况制定了抢险加固的原则,采取了用湿棉被、沙袋封堵隧道口进行灭火,抽取嘉陵江水注水降温,起复车辆,恢复线路,加固隧道洞身,架设钢棚洞,综合整治山体病害等整治方案和实施程序,以最快的速度开通线路恢复通车,圆满地完成抢险任务。     

便携式铁路信号应急电源系统

随着铁路信号技术的发展,铁路信号电源系统的智能化、模块化、网络化已经成为发展的必然趋势。便携式铁路信号应急电源系统具有体积小、质量轻,方便储存、运输的特点,可提供多种不同电源输出。