Optimal road design through ecologically sensitive areas considering animal migration dynamics

With increasing land transportation requirements in both urban and rural areas, roads are encroaching ever more on animal habitats, where collisions with vehicles are a leading contributor to wildlife mortality. While road designers recognise the importance of accounting for such impacts at the design level, existing approaches simply either ignore viable habitat or avoid such regions entirely. Respectively, this can result in road alignments that are overly damaging to vulnerable species or prohibitively expensive to build and operate. The research presented in this paper investigates the effects of explicitly accounting for animal mortality on the design of a road through an ecologically sensitive area. The model presented achieves this by incorporating a spatially-explicit animal migration and road mortality model into an accepted optimal road alignment algorithm to propose low-cost roads that maintain the animal population above a minimum threshold by the end of a specified design horizon. The new method was applied to an example scenario to demonstrate the effect of setting a minimum required animal population on the road design. This model was able to consistently produce a road that met a minimum required species conservation benefit. This reflected a major improvement over the model that ignored animal habitats while only requiring a minor increase in construction and operating costs compared to the model that avoids habitat.     

塔梁间纵向弹性约束对斜拉桥抗震性能的影响

目前漂浮、半漂浮体系斜拉桥是广泛采用的的斜拉桥体系。在地震荷载作用下这两种体系的内力反应比较小,而位移反应比较大,常常不能满足要求。对塔梁间纵向弹性约束对斜拉桥抗震性能的影响进行了理论分析和实例计算。计算结果表明它能显著的减小漂浮、半漂浮体系斜拉桥在地震作用下的位移反应,又能使内力反应满足抗震要求,因此它不失为一种有效的改善漂浮、半漂浮体系斜拉桥抗震性能的手段。     

数据会议在多机车同步操控中的应用研究

实现长大编组列车的安全运行,需要多机车共同牵引并保持同步.以大秦铁路2万吨重载列车最新编组模式(1 1 可控列尾)为例,研究了数据会议在多机车同步操控系统的应用,细致阐述了基于数据会议思想实现的应用节点系统对机车与机车、机车与可控列尾间通信的处理流程.应用节点的投入使用,提升了线路运量,提高了重载单元列车的运行安全性.     

��ʱ�䴰�Ķ೵�Ͷ���ó���·�������ģ�ͺ��㷨

创新性地考虑了多车型车辆路径问题中不同车型具有不同的边际费用和行驶费用的问题,并同时考虑车型与任务的相容性,对带时间窗约束的多车型多费用非满载车辆路径问题,以最小化总费用为目标建立了数学模型。由于该模型的NP-hard性质,基于高费用车型的边际费用和单位行驶费用比低费用车型的相应费用都要高以及低费用车型的边际费用远大于高费用车型的单位行驶费用的思想,对该模型设计了一个启发式算法。     

Discrete dynamic models for freeway incident detection systems

This paper considers the problem of freeway incident detection within the general framework of computer‐based freeway surveillance and control. A new approach to the detection of freeway traffic incidents is presented based on a discrete‐time stochastic model of the form ARIMA (0, 1, 3) that describes the dynamics of traffic occupancy observations. This approach utilizes real‐time estimates of the variability in traffic occupancies as detection thresholds, thus eliminating the need for threshold calibration and lessening the problem of false‐alarms. Because the moving average parameters of the ARIMA (0, 1, 3) model change over time, these parameters can be updated occasionally. The performance of the developed detection algorithm has been evaluated in terms of detection rate, false‐alarm rate, and average time‐lag to detection, using a total of 1692 minutes of occupancy observations recorded during 50 representative traffic incidents.     

扰动微分方程在优化约束问题中的应用

研究了扰动微分方程在优化约束问题中的应用，指出对某些类型的奇解扰动后不存在部分变量收敛到优化约束问题的可行点。     

郑州市新能源汽车发展现状与对策研究

新能源汽车是河南汽车产业转变发展方式、抢占未来市场制高点的突破口。郑州市具备发展新能源汽车的产业基础和一定的比较优势,但受到核心技术缺乏、研发投入有限、配套建设滞后和人才短缺等发展瓶颈的约束。明确了当前新能源汽车发展思路为：以纯电动汽车为方向,以示范运营为手段,以产业配套体系为保证,以先进节能技术为根本;从政策、财税、科技、人才4个方面制定了发展对策,从而走出一条具有中原特色的汽车产业发展道路。     

Optimal selection of build-operate-transfer projects on transportation networks

This paper considers the problem of how to select highway projects for the build-operate-transfer (BOT) development with the objective of improving the social benefit while ensuring the marketability of those selected. The problem can be viewed as a tri-level leader-follower game and is formulated as a mixed integer program with equilibrium constraints. Without solving the associated problem, we show that optimal tolls and travel times on selected BOT highways can be determined from their attributes under mild assumptions. This leads to an efficient heuristic algorithm for solving the project selection problem.     

摩托车轮毂端面跳动的工艺控制

对影响轮毂端面跳动的各类因素进行了分析和试验,虽然人、机、料、法、环各方面对产品跳动质量或多或少存在影响,但在实际生产过程中,如何减少毛坯变形及对现场工艺方法进行规范,是影响质量的主要因素。结合企业实际设备、工艺情况,提出了更加完善的工艺方案,并辅以对现场工艺执行情况进行监控,以及质量控制方案的落实,不断提升产品实物质量,确保加工的产品满足客户要求。