基于ADAMS／Car Ride车辆平顺性仿真研究

以虚拟样机技术进行车辆平顺性仿真研究．建立了基于ADAMS／Car Ride的多体动理学模型，通过虚拟四柱试验台对模型进行仿真试验。仿真结果表明，ADAMS／Car Ride可方便地进行路面功率谱密度响应仿真试验，所建立的包含虚拟四柱试验台的整车模型可深入进行车辆平顺性研究。     

Thermal design of automobile exhaust based thermoelectric generators: Objectives and challenges

The potential for thermoelectric power generation (via waste heat recovery onboard automobiles) to displace alternators and/or provide additional charging to a vehicle battery pack has increased with recent advances in thermoelectric material processing. In gasoline fueled vehicles (GFVs), about 40% of fuel energy is wasted in exhaust heat, while a smaller amount of energy (30%) is ejected through the engine coolant. Therefore, exhaust-based thermoelectric generators (ETEG) have been a focus for GFV applications since the late 1980s. The conversion efficiency of modern thermoelectric materials has increased more than three-fold in the last two decades; however, disputes as to the thermal design of ETEG systems has kept their overall efficiency at limited and insufficient values. There are many challenges in the thermal design of ETEG systems, such as increasing the efficiency of the heat exchangers (hot box and cold plate), maintaining a sufficient temperature difference across the thermoelectric modules during different operating conditions, and reducing thermal losses through the system as a whole. This paper focuses on a review of the main aspects of thermal design of ETEG systems through various investigations performed over the past twenty years. This paper is organized as follows: first, the construction of a typical ETEG is described. The heat balance and efficiency of ETEG are then discussed. Then, the third section of this paper emphasizes the main objectives and challenges for designing efficient ETEG systems. Finally, a review of ETEG research activities over the last twenty years is presented to focus on methods used by the research community to address such challenges.     

大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥地震反应分析

利用有限元法分析大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的地震反应，考虑了剪切变形的影响，用子空间迭代法分析了其振动规律和动力特性，应用反应谱法和时程分析法分析了该拱桥的地震反应，得出了一些有价值的结论。     

基于W305液力变矩器的系列化设计

以W305液力变矩器为基型,通过试验研究和统计资料,确定了液力变矩器的系列化型谱;利用CFD数值分析软件对W305变矩器内部流场进行分析计算,基于计算结果进行W305液力变矩器的系列化设计;对于有效直径不同的液力变矩器,介绍了与基型变矩器相似设计的方法。     

高填土路堤边坡地震稳定性静动力法比较分析

研究用不同的计算方法，输入不同的地震波和地震烈度，同时结合路堤有关参数的变化，找出高填土路堤边坡稳定系数的变化规律。计算分析时采用静力法、拟静力法、静力有限元法和动力有限元法；动力反应分析时分别输入美国EL Centro地震波和按规范反应谱拟合的人工合成地震波。结果表明：路堤有关填土参数的变化对稳定系数的影响程度各不相同。     

曲线弯梁桥振动理论分析

利用广义坐标法和能量原理推导曲线梁桥的振动控制微分方程,解释曲线梁桥振动理论与直线梁振动理论的异同点,在推导质量矩阵的显式表达式过程中考虑截面扭转中心与截面形心的不一致。随后给出了曲线梁动力分析的有限元方法,并完成了相应电算程序的编制。最后通过实例分析并验证本文所提计算理论和计算方法的正确性。     

沥青结合料紫外老化机理

为了解决现有沥青结合料路用性能评价体系中,未考虑紫外线辐射对沥青的加速老化作用问题,对热老化和紫外老化后的5种沥青进行了对比试验、DSR和BBR试验以及红外光谱分析.试验结果表明:沥青对热老化和紫外线辐射的敏感度不同,2种老化后三大指标的排序并不一致;紫外老化和热老化对沥青的影响不相同,紫外老化后沥青的流变特性变化更为显著;沥青抗紫外老化性能不同的内在原因是老化反应程度不同,胶质和芳香分是影响沥青紫外老化的主要因素.因此,沥青的热老化评价结果不能反映其抗紫外老化性能的高低,在紫外线辐射强烈的西部地区开展紫外老化研究具有重要意义.     

A field evaluation case study of the environmental and energy impacts of traffic calming

This study quantifies the energy and environmental impact of a selection of traffic calming measures using a combination of second-by-second floating-car global positioning system data and microscopic energy and emission models. It finds that traffic calming may result in negative impacts on vehicle fuel consumption and emission rates if drivers exert aggressive acceleration levels to speed up to their journeys. Consequently by eliminating sharp acceleration maneuvers significant savings in vehicle fuel consumption and emission rates are achievable through driver education. The study also demonstrates that high emitting vehicles produce CO emissions that are up to 25 times higher than normal vehicle emission levels while low emitting vehicles produce emissions that are 15–35% of normal vehicles. The relative increases in vehicle fuel consumption and emission levels associated with the sample traffic calming measures are consistent and similar for normal, low, and high emitting vehicles.     

汽车吸能转向机构与驾驶员碰撞的仿真与试验

利用非线性有限元方法建立了可收缩吸能转向机构与驾驶员所组成碰撞系统的仿真模型,深入讨论了碰撞仿真模型初始条件与边界条件的处理方法、材料非线性本构关系的选择、接触对摩擦系数的确定。并按照GB11557规定的要求,对人体模块有限元模型进行了验证。分析计算了吸能转向机构与人体模块碰撞时上下套管间的收缩位移和作用在转向柱上的碰撞力,并通过相应的碰撞台架试验验证了仿真结果的正确性。     

影响汽车方向盘转角脉冲输入试验结果的因素

介绍了汽车系统频响函数输入的标准信号,阐述了在汽车方向盘转角脉冲输入试验中,各种因素对横摆角速度频响函数的影响。