多年冻土公路工程分类研究进展与思考

冻土的工程分类是冻土学研究中一个重点问题,文章在总结和分析国内外多年冻土分类研究的基础上并结合中国现行规范对多年冻土公路工程分类的方法,指出了现行规范所存在的问题,并且提出以影响多年冻土工程性质的综合因素为指标对多年冻土进行工程分类,对我国多年冻土地区工程的建设,尤其对青藏公路的建设具有积极的指导意义。     

Eco-driving behaviors of electric vehicle users: A survey study

Previous research has shown that electric vehicle (EV) users could behave differently compared to internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) drivers due to their consciousness or practices of eco-driving, but very limited research has fully investigated this assumption. This research explores this topic through investigating EV drivers’ eco-driving behaviors and motivations. We first conducted a questionnaire survey on EV drivers’ driving behavior and some hypothetical decisions of their driving. It indicates various characteristics between EV and ICEV commuters, including self-reported daily driving habits, preferences of route choices, tradeoff between travel time and energy saving, and adoption of in-vehicle display (IVD) technologies. Then, through statistical analysis with Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney U test, this research reveals that, compared to ICEV drivers, EV drivers possess significantly calmer driving maneuvers and more fuel-efficient driving habits such as trip chaining. The survey data also show that EV drivers are much more willing to save energy in compensation of travel time. Furthermore, the survey data indicate that EV drivers are more willing to adopt eco-friendly IVD technologies. All these findings are expected to improve the understanding of some unique behavior found in EV drivers.     

Understanding time use: Daily or weekly data?

The appropriate duration of time diaries as a source of time use data is analyzed in a structured way. Nine detailed European surveys based on seven-days diaries are used in order to study different dimensions of data quality, duration and variability of activities, and modeling capabilities. Pseudo diaries of 1, 2 (one week, one weekend) and 3 (one week, both weekend) days are constructed to further analyze these issues, selecting the seven-days diaries data as a benchmark. Comparative results show that two and three-days weighted surveys seem to be an adequate surrogate for the information obtained in weekly surveys that capture a basic work–leisure cycle.     

Projected prevalence of car-sharing in four Asian-Pacific countries in 2030: What the experts think

This paper presents a “big-picture view” for policymakers and related stakeholders regarding the future development of car-sharing services. Car-sharing has the potential to significantly disrupt the personal mobility market. Thus, understanding their market penetration and implications is urgently needed. Previous studies in this domain have predominantly focused on the views, opinions, and preferences of consumers. In this study, we complement the current demand modelling research on car-sharing by applying an expert elicitation and aggregation technique that relies on transport experts’ opinions to investigate the role of car-sharing in the future. Specifically, based on the opinions of mobility suppliers, this research elicits experts’ judgment from across government, industry, and academia to gain insights into the future of car-sharing markets in four countries – Australia, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. The analysis reveals that, from a mobility supplier’s perspective, energy and vehicle prices will not have a statistically significant impact on the future adoption of car-sharing. The results also show that the more knowledgeable an expert is, the more pessimistic they are about the market penetration of car-sharing in 2016, and the more optimistic they are about the prevalence of car-sharing in 2030.     

基于模糊PID控制的ABS仿真研究

以车轮滑移率为控制对象,分析了模糊控制的理论基础,将传统的模糊控制与经典的PID控制相结合,提出了白适应模糊PID控制算法,并进行了仿真研究.     

安全财政收费系统设计的关键技术

阐述了一个财政收费系统架构,提出了安全财政收费系统的概念,并给出其需要达到的技术性能,同时给出了现代软件工程方法如何应用到实际项目中的一个范例,并归纳了开发中碰到的关键问题和解决方案.     

铁路货运市场化定价机制探讨

为发挥价格政策对资源配置的引导和调节作用,以提高效益为目的,综合运用各种价格调节手段,构建合理的运价体系和结构,理顺不同环节间的价格关系,实现科学合理定价,在分析货运价格体系现状的基础上,提出市场化定价的基本原则和定价依据,从运作机制、定价关系、定价手段等方面对铁路货运市场化定价进行研究,制定实施符合铁路运输行业特征、...     

Exploring the issue of integrating logistics and traffic control in urban areas

This paper proposes an optimization framework for urban transportation networks’ (re-)design which explicitly takes into account the specific decision-making processes of ordinary users and logistic operators. Ordinary users are typically commuters whose travels consist of well-defined pairs of origin and destination points, while logistic operators make deliveries at multiple locations. Obviously, these two user classes have different objectives and scopes of action. These differences are seldom considered in traffic research since most models aggregate the flow demand in OD matrices and use assignment models to predict the response of all users as if the dynamics of their optimization processes were of the same nature. This work demonstrates that better results can be achieved if the particular features of each user class are included in the models. It potentially improves the estimation of the responses and allows managers to shape their control measures to address specific user needs.     

价值工程理论在沥青混合料碳排放减排措施中的应用

沥青混合料碳排放减排措施是降低碳排放的有效手段,而对减排措施的选择将直接影响工程的质量和经济效益。本文运用价值工程理论的基本原理与方法,论述价值工程在减排措施选择中的应用方法和步骤,并结合工程实例,对减排措施方案的选择进行研究。结果表明,运用价值工程理论的方法可以择优确定沥青混合料碳排放减排措施。     

载人潜器人因工程研究

对载人潜器人因工程的研究现状、研究范畴、技术手段和发展趋势进行梳理和总结,旨在为指导载人潜器设计总体集成优化、提高潜器综合效能、节省全寿命周期费用及缩减潜器人员编制提供参考。