中国城市道路规划方位性问题研究

文章结合中国的传统建筑文化理念和现代科学原理,从历史文化、能源节约、环境保护、房地产定价、交通安全等多方面分析研究了城市道路在规划和设计时所应遵从的定向规则。     

Multi-criteria optimization of traffic signals: Mobility,safety, and environment

Two-dimensional multi-objective optimizations have been used for decades for the problems in traffic engineering although only few times so far in the optimization of signal timings. While the other engineering and science disciplines have utilized visualization of 3-dimensional Pareto fronts in the optimization studies, we have not seen many of those concepts applied to traffic signal optimization problems. To bridge the gap in the existing knowledge this study presents a methodology where 3-dimensional Pareto Fronts of signal timings, which are expressed through mobility, (surrogate) safety, and environmental factors, are optimized by use of an evolutionary algorithm. The study uses a segment of 5 signalized intersections in West Valley City, Utah, to test signal timings which provide a balance between mobility, safety and environment. In addition, a set of previous developed signal timing scenarios, including some of the Connected Vehicle technologies such as GLOSA, were conducted to evaluate the quality of the 3-dimensional Pareto front solutions. The results show success of 3-dimensinal Pareto fronts moving towards optimality. The resulting signal timing plans do not show large differences between themselves but all improve on the signal timings from the field, significantly. The commonly used optimization of standard single-objective functions shows robust solutions. The new set of Connected Vehicle technologies also shows promising benefits, especially in the area of reducing inter-vehicular friction. The resulting timing plans from two optimization sets (constrained and unconstrained) show that environmental and safe signal timings coincide but somewhat contradict mobility. Further research is needed to apply similar concepts on a variety of networks and traffic conditions before generalizing findings.     

公路建设与生态环境保护的探讨

随着公路交通事业的快速发展,因公路建设所引起的水土流失、生态破坏、噪声对环境的影响,越来越受到人们的广泛关注。本文从公路交通的生态学效应,浙江省的自然环境特点和当前公路交通的现状入手,较为系统地探讨了公路建设和营运对浙江省生态环境的主要影响,并提出了针对性的对策与建议。     

浅谈汽车涂装新型漆雾分离技术应用

目前汽车涂装工厂大多采用文丘里湿式喷房或干式喷房(石灰式捕捉),湿式喷房文丘里漆雾处理装置配合专门的循环水池、循环管路系统以及刮渣系统来达到处理漆雾的效果。但是这种方法存在如下问题:常规的湿式喷房需要有专门的水池,设备运行过程中需要消耗大量的水,还需要添加各种化学药剂,能耗高,运行成本高,最后漆渣还需要作为危废进行处理;循环风湿度大,需要消耗大量的能量来维持送风的温湿度;工作时漆泥处理间噪音大,气味难闻,劳动条件差。干式喷房(石灰式捕捉)固废处理成本高。     

客车空调环境舒适性能数值与实验研究

针对某公司生产的SH6700中型空调客车,采用k-ε紊流模型及贴体坐标,应用整体求解法计算了空调车室内气固耦合传热州题,采用Mmte Carlo法分析计算了太阳透射辐射在车室内各固体表面引起的附加热流变化,并以此作为能量方程的附加源项,对空调客车事内气流组织进行了数伉模拟,并根据汽车产品质量检验QCn 29008．9-199l行业标准,对该类型空调客车分别进行实验室环境模拟和道路实验研究,检验了计算机数值模拟的正确性。     

计算流体动力学在轨道交通环控系统分析中的应用

介绍了近年来发展较快的一种计算机辅助设计技术——计算流体动力学(CFD),并将其与世界上第一个地铁环控计算机模拟软件SES进行比较,对CFD在城市轨道交通环控系统中的应用进行了分析和探讨。     

现代物流管理的可持续发展

物流业作为第三利润已经成为新兴重要产业，加快发展的同时必须注意经济效益和环境效益的统一，把发展绿色物流作为推进可持续发展的一个方面加以落实。因此，有必要对现代物流在可持续发展背景下做系统深入地研究。     

公路边坡防护与生态保护分析

良好的生态环境是人和社会可持续发展的根本要求。党和政府高度重视生态环境问题,将生态文明建设列入我国的一项基本国策。在十八大报告中,在科学发展观和构建和谐社会的思想中,均将生态文明建设放在突出位置,摆到与经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设同等重要位置。公路边坡防护与生态保护的实施,对改善公路环境、防止水土流失、保持生态平衡,保障行车安全,延长公路使用寿命具有重要作用。文章从公路边坡类型、植物护坡原理、设计原则及技术措施等方面对公路边坡的防护及生态保护方面进行了论述,并结合实践案例进行具体分析。     

基于模型系统工程在全舰计算环境集成框架的应用概览

“全舰计算环境”（TSCE）作为当今软件密集型复杂武器系统的典型代表,需要从研制模式上转变传统的系统工程实践,采用基于模型的系统工程（MBSE）解决方案,从以文档为中心转变为以模型为中心,实现系统的快速开发以应对需求和环境的变化。首先,介绍MBSE的发展概况及国内外相关研究情况,然后,结合TSCE集成框架并参考经典的V模型,梳理系统工程过程,初步建立各个阶段与美国国防部体系结构框架（DoDAF）视点或模型的对应关系。重点讨论为了得到合适的TSCE系统模型应该采用的建模规范和标准,主要包括：系统建模语言（SysML）、可扩展标记语言（XML）模式、面向服务架构（SOA）、业务流程模型与标注（BPMN）、军事想定定义语言（MSDL）、联合作战管理语言（C-BML）等。形式化建模方法的应用预期将在构建TSCE集成框架的过程中发挥重要作用。     

Economic factors affecting the registration of lower CO2 emitting aircraft in Europe

We examine the various forces influencing the development and uptake of environmentally beneficial technical changes, focusing on airline technology. Within this context, we consider not only the nature of competition within the final market in which aircraft, an intermediate product, are sold, but also that of the product market itself, the commercial airline industry. The reasons for the gradual reduction in CO₂ per seat per aircraft movement in aircraft design are examined in terms of the real costs of aviation fuel, changes in the nature of the supply industry, the movement towards carbon cap-trade policies, and endogenous technical progress in the technology of the industry. The latter being taken as an empirical proxy for the role market forms play in influencing the fuel efficiency of the types of aircraft used. The results support the existence of these latter forces on the demand for aircraft types, allowing for other influences that affect aircraft technology.