关于建设生态文明的若干思考——学习党的十七大报告的体会

环境是人类生存和发展的物质基础,胡锦涛总书记在党的十七大报告中提出建设生态文明,要求在全社会牢固树立生态文明观念,表明人类社会正在进入生态文明时代。建设生态文明是构建和谐世界的基础,在全社会牢固树立生态文明观念,既表明了尊重和汲取当代人类文明成果的科学态度和坚持马克思主义与时俱进的理论品质,也是对日益严峻的生态环境问题作出庄严承诺,展示中国在全球事务中负责任的东方大国形象和应有风范。     

工学结合背景下高职学生思想政治教育环境的有效构建

创造良好的育人环境是提高高职学生思想政治教育实效的关键所在。校企合作、工学结合背景下,合作企业介入成为重要的高职学生思想政治教育工作的施教主体,通过校企合作构建校企文化融合的校园文化,打造高职学生思想政治教育平台,形成学校与企业协同运作的高职学生思想政治教育和谐互动机制,发挥教育合力作用。     

Analysis of collapsibility of loess in real soaking environment and grading of soaking environmentEI北大核心

Research purposes: The analysis of the soaking condition and mechanism of the Loess under the real environment condition was made, the thicknesses of the saturated collapsible loess layers under most unfavorable natural and artificial environments were determined, and the soaking collapsible environments were graded according to the influence differences of the environment on the loess soaking. Research conclusions: The real collapsible thickness of loess depends on a variety of factors and the major factor is the soaking condition. Under the concrete soaking condition, the thickness of saturated collapsible loess is controlled by the precipitation, penetration of surface water and rising of ground water. The experience and calculation show the most soaking thicknesses under natural environment are obviously less than the thickness of the collapsible loess. By taking the soaking collapsible thickness as the basis, the construction cost and works can be much reduced. The calculation and analysis of the soaking thickness under natural environment presented in this paper can give a new method and thinking on valuation of the loess collapsibility and grading the soaking environment.     

环境与设备监控系统的故障检测和诊断技术

介绍城市轨道交通系统中环境与设备监控系统（BAS）的功能,对其系统结构和控制设备进行故障分析,从设备选型、硬件及软件设计等方面提出故障检测的措施和故障诊断的方案.     

谈孟克河人行桥的美学设计

以桥梁美学设计为出发点,主要阐述桥梁美学设计的基本观点、美学标准、美学设计的三要素及其实现方法;以此美学原理为基础分析孟克河人行桥的美学设计过程和特点。阐明设计时,如何使人行桥造型与形式、功能、环境相一致。     

桥梁与环境的协调性美学设计

文章以桥址环境、桥梁的造型和材质、桥梁美学的一般处理方法为切入点,详细阐述了桥梁与环境相互协调的重要性以及桥梁美学设计的要点。     

Time-based life-cycle assessment for environmental policymaking: Greenhouse gas reduction goals and public transit

As decision-makers increasingly embrace life-cycle assessment (LCA) and target transportation services for regional environmental goals, it becomes imperative that outcomes from changes to transportation infrastructure systems are accurately estimated. Greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction policies have created interest in better understanding how public transit systems reduce emissions. Yet the use of average emission factors (e.g., grams CO₂e per distance traveled) persists as the state-of-the-art masking the variations in emissions across time, and confounding the ability to accurately estimate the environmental effects from changes to transit infrastructure and travel behavior. An LCA is developed of the Expo light rail line and a competing car trip (in Los Angeles, California) that includes vehicle, infrastructure, and energy production processes, in addition to propulsion. When results are normalized per passenger kilometer traveled (PKT), life-cycle processes increase energy use and GHG emissions up to 83%, and up to 690% for smog and respiratory impact potentials. However, the use of a time-independent PKT normalization obfuscates a decision-maker’s ability to understand whether the deployment of a transit system reduces emissions below a future year policy target (e.g., 80% of 1990 emissions by 2050). The year-by-year marginal effects of the decision to deploy the Expo line are developed including reductions in automobile travel. The time-based marginal results provide clearer explanations for how environmental effects in a region change and the critical life-cycle processes that should be targeted to achieve policy targets. It shows when environmental impacts payback and how much reduction is achieved by a policy-specified future year.     

Railway transportation as a source of soil pollution

Surface soil (0–10 cm) samples from 60 sampling sites along the length of railway tracks on the territory of Srem (the western part of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, itself part of Serbia) were collected and analyzed for seven polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and ten heavy metals in order to see how the distance from the railroad affects the concentration of some organic and inorganic pollutants in the soil. Samples were taken at a distance of 0.03–4.19 km from the railway. For the soil extraction was used USEPA 3540S method. The extracts were purified on a silica-gel column (USEPA 3630C). The analysis of the extracts was performed by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. PCBs were not detected only at two locations. Mean total concentration of PCBs for all other sampling locations was 0.0043 ppm dry weight (dw) with a range of 0.0005–0.0227 ppm dw. According to values of Nemerow pollution index Cu, Co, Zn and Ni were the most ubiquitous heavy metals in the area near railroad. Based on these results, it can be said that railway transport is a potential source of PCBs and some heavy metals.     

高速铁路车辆系统电磁兼容性能分析与测量

分析高速铁路车辆系统复杂的电磁环境,针对供电系统、列控车载设备(系统)、无线电通信与调度系统中存在的典型电磁干扰现象,分别对低压电源、速度传感器、无线通信设备的电磁兼容问题进行分析,提出相应的解决方法,为建立完善的高速铁路车辆系统电磁兼容标准提供依据。     

地铁火灾研究

对世界各国的地铁火灾进行分析,阐述了地铁火灾产生的原因和危险性,介绍了地铁设计中的通风空调系统,探讨了火灾研究的手段,并通过实例进行模拟与分析。