列车运行监控记录装置测试设备检定装置的测量不确定度评定

列车运行监控记录装置准确、稳定、可靠地使用直接关系到列车运行安全,列车运行监控记录装置测试设备的量值准确与否直接关系到列车运行监控记录装置的检修质量。通过对列车运行监控记录装置测试设备检定装置的模拟机车速度、模拟柴油机转速、模拟列车管压力、模拟双针速度表速度、速度传感器测试台速度等主要指标的测量不确定度评定,确定各指标的测量方法能够保证量值传递的准确、可靠。     

HX_D2型电力机车的拆检结果及评价

铁道部令第14号规定,新研制的机车必须获取型号合格证,而机车获取型号合格证的一个必要环节是样车要通过拆检。在系统介绍HXD2型0156号电力机车的拆检工作过程及结果的基础上,从总体上给出HXD2型机车整车及部件在试运用后技术状态的评价意见。通过拆检中发现样车的各种制造质量问题,为企业完善机车设计、提高机车质量和样车定型提供了改进目标。     

CTOD与BS7910结合的桥梁钢断裂韧度评定方法

针对应用裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)评判指标评定桥梁钢和焊接接头的断裂韧性时缺少依据的问题,提出将CTOD试样的单边疲劳预裂纹作为缺陷,运用BS7910《金属结构缺陷可接受性评定方法指南》的失效评定曲线对桥梁钢的CTOD值进行评定。具体方法是根据对应桥梁钢CTOD试验温度下的单轴拉伸应力—应变曲线,得到桥梁钢真应力—真应变曲线,然后按照BS7910的2B级评定方法得到桥梁钢的CTOD的失效评定曲线,最后根据桥梁钢的CTOD值在失效评定曲线图上所处的位置对其合格性进行评定。应用该方法对某大跨度斜拉桥用50,60和100mm厚的S420ML桥梁钢进行评定,结果表明,这3种厚度的S420ML桥梁钢的CTOD值均在失效评定曲线图中可接受区域内,它们的断裂韧度均为合格。     

大型航空港设计布局评价指标的探讨

对大型航空港设计布局过程中的评价指标进行探讨,结合资源节约、环境保护、以人为本等可持续发展理念,对现有大型航空港的评价指标进行分析。结果表明,已有的评价指标主要关注容量、安全和成本,这些指标在现有的航空港设计布局中仍然适用,但对环境污染、飞机油耗、旅客效率等因素的考虑有许多欠缺之处。通过分析,针对航空港的陆侧和空侧分别探讨了符合可持续发展规律的大型航空港设计布局评价指标,建议以容量协调、发动机排放、滑行时间、旅客时间等为核心构建评价指标体系。     

The distribution of crowding costs in public transport: New evidence from Paris

Whilst congestion in automobile traffic increases trip durations, this is often not the case in rail-based public transport where congestion rather leads to in-vehicle crowding, often neglected in empirical studies. Using original survey data from Paris, this article assesses the distribution of comfort costs of congestion in public transport. Estimating willingness to pay for less crowded trips at different levels of in-vehicle passenger density we cannot reject a simple linear relationship between crowding costs and density. We apply our results to the cost-benefit analysis of a recent Parisian public transport project.     

EI32-JD型信号计算机联锁系统常见故障处理方法

通过对EI32-JD型计算机联锁系统的介绍,说明了车站计算机联锁系统的特点和工作原理,并针对EI32-JD型计算机联锁系统的具体情况,介绍了一些常见故障的处理方法。     

A century of evolution of the accessibility concept

The concept of accessibility has acquired numerous meanings along multiple dimensions during the century of its evolution. This essay argues for the salience of two dimensions: application-based and definition-based. In its application, accessibility has incorporated positive and normative dimensions which have varied in prominence over time. In its definition, accessibility has varied between a mode of evaluation incorporating measured mobility and proximity, on the one hand, and a predefined market basket of urbanist improvements to transportation and land use systems, on the other. Advocates of the accessibility shift should emphasize both the measured approach to accessibility and accessibility’s normative side.     

基于单分类算法OSVM船用燃气轮机状态评估

针对船舶综合监控系统中存储有海量设备正常运行时的数据没有得到充分利用，此外设备退化时的故障数据难以获取，无法训练传统的多分类退化检测模型，提出利用单分类算法OSVM来建立模型,从而实现退化检测，在该过程中只需用正常样本数据来训练模型，并在一个经过实船数据验证过的模拟器产生的数据集上进行了实验。结果显示，只需要400个正常样本就可训练出准确的退化检测模型，该模型在精确度，召回率，特异性，正确率，AUC五个指标都有很好表现，此外，该退化检测模型有很好的扩展性，也可被用于其他机械设备的状态评估中。     

A Method for Evaluating Marine Protected Area Management

An assumption underlying the growing support for marine protected areas (MPAs) is that they meet conservation goals and provide economic benefits to fisheries and ecotourism. However, support for MPAs will be at risk if managers cannot assess whether various MPA objectives are being fulfilled. Current approaches to MPA management emphasize the need to evaluate performance criteria; however, there is little consensus on criteria and their evaluation. We propose a marine protected area evaluation model (MPAEM), based on and modified from a multidisciplinary approach used to assess the sustainability of fisheries, called rapid appraisal of fisheries (Rapfish). The application of the MPAEM was explored in a pilot study of 20 MPAs located in different regions of the world. Results indicate that the MPAEM can be used to evaluate MPA management effectiveness. However, the manner in which the evaluation attributes are scored and ways of engaging user groups should be explored before MPAEM can become part of the day-to-day management of MPAs.     

用"MTC"钢丝绳检测技术诊断港口集装箱起重机上的钢丝绳

应用"MTC"钢丝绳检测技术,采集和处理港口集装箱起重机钢丝绳的状态信息,通过定量、定位检测,发现断丝、锈蚀、磨损及其引起的钢丝截面积总和变化等缺陷,掌握钢丝绳的实际技术状态,指导其使用管理.