增压器压气机叶轮的三维弹塑性精细分析

用基于参变量变分原理的有限元参数二次规划法对增压器压气机叶轮进行了三维弹塑性精细分析的研究，并计算了叶轮在用预超速工艺制造过程中的残余应变，给出了其分布规律，计算结果与实测符合得很好．     

Numerical analysis of the dynamic interaction between wheel set and turnout crossing using the explicit finite element method

A three-dimensional (3-D) explicit dynamic finite element (FE) model is developed to simulate the impact of the wheel on the crossing nose. The model consists of a wheel set moving over the turnout crossing. Realistic wheel, wing rail and crossing geometries have been used in the model. Using this model the dynamic responses of the system such as the contact forces between the wheel and the crossing, crossing nose displacements and accelerations, stresses in rail material as well as in sleepers and ballast can be obtained. Detailed analysis of the wheel set and crossing interaction using the local contact stress state in the rail is possible as well, which provides a good basis for prediction of the long-term behaviour of the crossing (fatigue analysis). In order to tune and validate the FE model field measurements conducted on several turnouts in the railway network in the Netherlands are used here. The parametric study including variations of the crossing nose geometries performed here demonstrates the capabilities of the developed model. The results of the validation and parametric study are presented and discussed.     

帘线参数对膜式空气弹簧垂向特性的影响研究

简述膜式空气弹簧的结构,建立其有限元模型,获得其栽荷一垂向位移的关系曲线,研究帘线参数对其承载能力的影响。结果表明,帘线角和帘线层数是影响膜式空气弹簧垂向特性的重要因素。     

CFRP布修复隧道中冻融损伤混凝土抗弯构件力学性能研究

为了进一步研究碳纤维（carbon fiber reinforced polymer, CFRP）修复隧道中冻融损伤混凝土抗弯构件的力学性能,对CFRP布修复冻融损伤混凝土构件进行抗弯试验,研究CFRP布全、分包修复不同冻融损伤试件的效果。试验结果表明： CFRP布能有效提高损伤试件的承载力、延性性能,尤其是全包方式;随着冻融次数的增加,CFRP布修复试件的承载力逐渐降低,中性轴上移速度越来越快;通过理论计算,得到了不同冻融损伤程度修复构件的抗弯承载力公式,并利用ABAQUS有限元软件进行模拟,得到的计算值、模拟值与试验值进行比较,结果吻合较好。     

基于多点约束法的鼓式制动器有限元分析

为研究径向浮动蹄式制动器的性能特点,利用接触与多点约束相结合的方法,建立了结构有限元模型.经对比发现,该模型较传统模型能更准确的反映摩擦片的受力状态,且制动力矩仿真结果与试验数据有较好的一致性.利用该模型对制动器制动性能和摩擦片应力分布情况进行的仿真计算结果表明,径向浮动蹄式制动器有利于改善车辆制动跑偏现象和领蹄的受力状况,提高车辆的行车安全性和领蹄摩擦片的耐磨性:从蹄的受力均匀性有待进一步提高.     

船体高效舵系统舵结构强度计算方法研究

在船舶高效舵系统中,采用舵杆和套筒对舵叶进行固定和旋转。该系统结构设计的关键是合理的舵杆和套筒结构,目前还没有专门的设计指导方法,为此发展了船体高效舵系统舵杆和套筒结构强度的直接计算评估方法,它可以较准确地预报舵杆和套筒的应力和变形。对一个高效舵系统设计方案进行了计算,开展了套筒厚度优化计算分析,研究套筒壁厚对舵系统各构件的应力和变形的影响,用以指导相关船舶高效舵系统的结构设计。     

地铁十字换乘车站预留换乘节点的结构计算分析

十字换乘地铁车站预留换乘节点的结构受力复杂,采用有限元程序建立空间计算模型,分析预留换乘车站节点范围的梁、板、柱内力,找到应力集中部位,为设计提供理论依据,保证车站结构的安全。     

Further study on the wheel–rail impact response induced by a single wheel flat: the coupling effect of strain rate and thermal stress

A comprehensive dynamic finite-element simulation method was proposed to study the wheel–rail impact response induced by a single wheel flat based on a 3-D rolling contact model, where the influences of the structural inertia, strain rate effect of wheel–rail materials and thermal stress due to the wheel–rail sliding friction were considered. Four different initial conditions (i.e. pure mechanical loading plus rate-independent, pure mechanical loading plus rate-dependent, thermo-mechanical loading plus rate-independent, and thermo-mechanical loading plus rate-dependent) were involved into explore the corresponding impact responses in term of the vertical impact force, von-Mises equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain and shear stress. Influences of train speed, flat length and axle load on the flat-induced wheel–rail impact response were discussed, respectively. The results indicate that the maximum thermal stresses are occurred on the tread of the wheel and on the top surface of the middle rail; the strain rate hardening effect contributes to elevate the von-Mises equivalent stress and restrain the plastic deformation; and the initial thermal stress due to the sliding friction will aggravate the plastic deformation of wheel and rail. Besides, the wheel–rail impact responses (i.e. impact force, von-Mises equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain, and XY shear stress) induced by a flat are sensitive to the train speed, flat length and axle load.     

批量生产多循环闭式冷锻铝材成形误差机械热偶合有限元分析

在冷成形加工中因为工件和模具中的温度随时间变化而使工件的成形误差也随之变化，以前的成形误差分析仅涉及单个工件加工循环。同时考虑机械效应和热力效应对成形误差的影响，对批量生产多循环闭式冷锻铝材成形过程中工件的成形误差进行了有限元分析，给出了一个包含成形各个阶段所产生的成形误差的误差分析公式。该公式可用于诸如挤压成形等其他成形工艺。这一分析工作为高精密成形误差补偿方法的研究提供了指导。     

潜艇典型结构受多物体撞击数值仿真的试验验证

以双壳体潜艇的典型结构—双层环肋圆柱壳受多物体撞击为研究对象,开展了模型试验,并与仿真计算结果进行对比,验证了有限元数值仿真方法对求解该类问题的有效性。还从结构损伤变形、撞击力历程和能量转换等方面对多物体撞击壳体过程的动响应特性进行了分析。研究成果将为潜艇抗撞能力的评估及抗撞结构的设计提供参考。