基于结构方程模型的疲劳驾驶行为影响因素间量化关系研究

导致疲劳驾驶的影响因素众多,量化相互间的关系是疲劳驾驶行为研究的理论基础.通过实车试验采集了32名驾驶人在疲劳状态下的驾驶行为数据,观测变量包括车速、加速度、车道位置、车头时距、血流量脉冲、皮电、闭眼周期等,并对数据进行了预处理以及利用Bootstrap法对样本容量进行扩充来满足结构方程模型对样本的需求.建立结构方程模型分析了疲劳程度、身体状况和驾驶经验之间的关系以及对疲劳驾驶行为的影响.结果表明,疲劳程度对驾驶行为的影响程度最大,达到0.944;其次是驾驶经验,相关系数为0.447,说明在驾驶过程中驾驶人应时刻注意自身的疲劳状况,因其会直接影响驾驶安全.     

具有位势的非线性Schrodinger方程解的全局存在性

为了研究一类具有位势的非线性Schrodinger方程解的全局存在性,构建了三个适当的泛函,之后设置了一个变分问题,结合变分学原理及非线性Schrodinger方程关于时间的不变流形,得到了Schro-dinger方程柯西问题的解的全局存在性.     

三阶非线性方程三点周期边值问题的存在性

研究了三阶非线性方程的一类三点周期边值问题,利用Volterra型积分算子和微分不等式理论,得到了解的存在性.     

含裂纹水泥混凝土路面的解析算法

水泥混凝土路面在使用过程中出现裂纹是一种常见的损坏形式。以断裂力学理论为基础,对含裂纹水泥混凝土路面进行了理论分析。将水泥混凝土路面视为Winkler地基上的弹性板,利用傅立叶积分变换,并通过引入位错密度函数建立奇异积分方程,推导出水泥混凝土路面含有垂直裂纹时裂纹尖端的应力强度因子的解析表达式。然后,再应用Lobatto—Chebyshev法求解奇异积分方程,得到应力强度因子的数值解。为了说明问题,以实际路面为例,给出水泥混凝土路面内部存在裂纹时裂纹尖端应力强度因子的计算结果,并讨论了影响应力强度因子大小的因素。     

Examining sustainability performance at ports: port managers’ perspectives on developing sustainable supply chains

ABSTRACT

This research examined the effects of sustainable supply chain management (i.e. internal sustainable development and external sustainable collaboration) on sustainability performance in the port context. Structural equation modeling was employed in this study using survey data collected from 135 respondents holding the position of supervisor or above in three major international port authorities in Taiwan (i.e. Keelung, Taichung, and Kaohsiung). Results indicated that external sustainable collaboration is positively associated with internal sustainable management, and internal sustainable management positively influences sustainability performance. This research also found that internal sustainable management mediates the effects of external sustainable collaboration on sustainability performance. The implication of the findings for port decision-makers, authorities, managers, and sustainable development are discussed.     

A structural equation model of activity participation and travel behavior using longitudinal data

Abstract

This paper presents a dynamic structural equation model (SEM) that explicitly addresses complicated causal relationships among socio-demographics, activity participation, and travel behavior. The model assumes that activity participation and travel patterns in the current year are affected by those in previous years. Using the longitudinal dataset collected from Puget sound transportation panel ‘wave 3’ and ‘wave 4,’ these assumptions are tested with suggested SEMs. Within each wave, the model is structured to have a three-level causal relationship that describes interactions among endogenous variables under time-budget constraints. The resulting coefficients representing the activity durations indicate that people tend to allocate their time according to the importance and the obligation of the activity level. Results from the dynamic SEM confirm the fact that people's current activity and travel behavior do have effects on those in the future. The resulting model also shows that activity participation and travel behavior in ‘wave 3’ are closely related to those in ‘wave 4.’ These explicit explanations of relationships among variables could provide important perspectives in the activity-based approach which becomes recognized as a better analytical tool for the transportation planning and policy making process.     

水动力模拟下基于改进三弯矩法的双桨推进系统轴系校中

船舶轴系校中是轴系可靠性的重要保障。文章在传统校中计算方法的基础上,针对双桨系统提出了一套基于流动分析的改进三弯矩算法。该方法不仅通过流场分析求得螺旋桨伴流场引起的额外载荷,而且同步考虑了轴系在垂向和水平向的二维位移模式。论文将该算法应用到一艘新建LNG船的轴系校中上。从计算结果与传统三弯矩法结果的比较可见,对于双桨系统,两螺旋桨产生的流场会相互影响,在双轴的横向和纵向引起额外的载荷,进而影响轴承在垂向和纵向的实际位移和应力,从而导致传统方法失效。该算例验证了改进算法的有效性,可以进一步防止双桨系统校中的失效问题。     

高阶交错网格有限差分法的地震波场数值模拟

基于地震波波动方程和有限差分法,针对多种不同的复杂地质模型,进行高阶交错网格地震波场模拟仿真研究.首先对地震波波动方程原始形式进行推演,得到一阶速度应力弹性波方程,然后用时空二元高阶交错差分网格的方法对其进行离散化,最后对三层背斜模型、断层模型和含油模型进行了数值模拟实验,获取相应的波场快照和地震道图像进行对比分析,并讨论了差分阶次对于仿真精度的影响.仿真结果表明：算法计算精度准确,计算效率高,适合于模拟非均匀介质、复杂构造和复杂地质体的地震波场.     

三阶非线性微分差分方程两点边值问题的奇摄动

利用微分不等式技巧,研究了一类三阶非线性微分差分方程的两点边值问题的奇摄动.在上下解存在的条件下,建立了解的存在性与唯一性.结果表明:这种技巧为其它边值问题的研究提出了崭新的思路.     

不同静力等效方式对结构位移的影响分析

探讨了在不同静力等效方式下,结构的力学响应;由结构力学的位移计算方法,从理论上推导位移计算公式,并以一个典型的简支梁模型为例,计算其在4种静力等效工况下的弯矩及位移。研究结果表明,在进行有限元计算时需在荷载作用位置处建立节点。