Effect of Gr Content and Hot Extrusion on Tensile Properties of （Nano-SiCp~-Gr）/Cu Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

Novel hybrid Cu matrix composites reinforced by graphite (Gr) particle with volume fraction of 5%?C15% and nano-SiC particle (nano-SiCp) with volume fraction of 3% have been prepared by powder metallurgy. The results show that Gr and nano-SiCp distribute uniformly in the Cu matrix. With increasing the volume fraction of Gr, the tensile strength of the composites decreases from 114 to 51MPa and the elastic modulus decreases from 75 to 60GPa. Compared with the sintered composites, the tensile properties including elastic modulus, tensile strength, yield strength and tensile elongation of the hot-extruded (nano-SiCp+Gr)/Cu composites are improved greatly due to higher relative density of the composites and more uniform distribution of Gr and nano-SiCp, in addition to finer grain size of the matrix as a result of dynamic recovery and recrystallization which occur during hot extrusion process.     

Fabrication of a Novel Porous Poly（Vinylidene Fluoride） Blend Five-Bore Membrane for Wastewater Treatment

Porous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blend five-bore hollow fiber membranes are prepared by wet phase inversion methods. In spinning these PVDF hollow fibers, N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) are used as the solvent and the non-solvent additive, respectively. The external coagulant uses water. The internal coagulants use water and DMAc-water solutions. The membranes are characterized in terms of water flux and molecular weight cut-off for the wet membranes. The cross-sectional structures are examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of polymer concentration and the internal coagulant on the permeation properties and membrane structures are examined keeping the bore liquid flow and air-gap constants. Relative high flux, rejection and strengh PVDF five-bore hollow fiber membranes could be prepared from the polymer concentration in dope solution at 17% of mass fraction, the air gap distance of 14 cm, and using 10% of mass fraction of DMAc solution as the internal coagulant at 13mL/min of flow.     

Photothermal effect for Fe3O4 nanoparticles contained in micelles induced by near-infrared light

Near infrared (NIR) light induced photothermal effect for Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, contained in Pluronic F127 micelles, has been studied and it exhibits high photothermal converting efficiency. Heat is found to be rapidly generated in micelles containing Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles by NIR laser irradiation. Upon irradiation at 808 nm light and with mass concentration of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in 4 g/L, the micelle temperature increase is higher than 34°C for 10min irradiation. The maximum temperature of micelles containing Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in 4 g/L reaches 62°C.     

Survey on arteriovenous fistula in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy

This paper summed up the characteristics of native arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Chinese hemodialysis centers. A survey was conducted on AVF in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 DN. A total of 224 cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients were included in this study, among which, 65 cases in DN group, 33 cases in diabetes mellitus (DM) group and 126 cases in non-diabetic control (C) group. Hemoglobin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, parathyroid hormone and calcium-phosphate product of the three groups of patients were not significantly different. Glycated hemoglobin A1c of DN group and DM group was not significant different. AVF life of (28.7 ± 10.0) months in DN group was significantly shorter than that of (36.5 ± 19.4) months in C group (statistic probability P <0.01), and AVF life of (32.5 ± 10.1) months in DM group (P <0.05) was also shorter than that in C group, while there was no significant difference in AVF life between DN group and DM group. Proportion of upper arm fistula in DN patients (11/65) was significantly higher than that in C group (6/123, P < 0.01). Life of AVF in patients with DN was relatively short, with more times of angioplasty and greater possibility of selecting upper arm internal fistula.     

基于拟T-S模糊模型的网络化控制系统稳定性分析

综合考虑网络化控制系统（NCS）出现时延和丢包问题,提出一种基于拟T-S模糊模型.以时延和丢包出现的概率作为隶属度,并根据丢包出现在系统中的不同环节,分别构造相应的系统模型,再利用线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法证明系统的稳定性,并通过对一个二阶倒立摆系统的数值分析说明方法的可行性,从而为网络化控制系统的分析与设计提供了新方法.     

铁路复合垃圾衍生燃料（C-RDF）的燃烧特性研究

采用热重-差示扫描量热法（TG-DSC）热分析技术,对4种配比的复合垃圾衍生燃料（C-RDF）的燃烧特性进行研究,考察了其着火特性及燃尽特性,并以前人提出的综合燃烧特性指数对C-RDF进行评价.结果表明：C-RDF的着火温度与燃尽温度与所采用的煤种有关;C-RDF着火温度随着垃圾含量的增加而降低;C-RDF中垃圾比例的变化对其燃尽温度的影响较小.     

基于灰色系统的高速公路沥青路面综合使用性能预测

以京沪高速公路(河北段)沥青路面使用性能评价为例进行研究。分析了影响沥青路面使用性能的主要因素。选取了2007～2011年路面使用性能各项指标数据和交通量,建立了GM(1,N)模型,预测了京沪高速公路(河北段)2012～2016年沥青路面使用性能各分项指标,误差检验表明,预测精度较高。通过预防性养护前沥青路面单项指标衰变曲线分析,得到了沥青路面综合使用性能指标,为确定预防性养护时机提供了依据。     

公共交通引导的城市空间增长研究——波特兰“精明增长”实践给我们的启示

通过城市公共交通与城市空间增长互动关系的论证,笔者认为运用TOD发展模式引导未来中国大城市空间增长朝着紧凑、集约形态发展具有举足轻重的实际意义.波特兰城市空间”精明增长”实践中突出强调了公共交通对城市用地的引导作用,通过强化城市大运量轨道交通与用地有机结合、复合型用地形态的组合,在西区开发过程中取得了良好的效果.文章借鉴波特兰的城市空间增长实践,结合长春市的城市空间发展现状,分析认为长春市目前仍处于简单外延式空间扩展阶段,为实现城市空间理性发展,应确立以立公共交通为导向的空间发展模式,同时应该完善微观规划设计并建立相应的政策保障体系.     

基于FPGA的DDS设计与实现

本文简单介绍了直接数字频率合成技术(DDS),利用DDS设计出任意波形发生器,并且利用硬件描述语言Verilog HDL进行相关模块的设计,在Quartus Ⅱ开发环境上进行编译与仿真,最终下载到FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)进行验证.     

基于模拟机实验的全自动驾驶人因可靠性分析

介绍地铁全自动驾驶系统中人因可靠性分析的应用,选取适于全自动驾驶(FAO)系统人因可靠性分析的方法,应用THERP+HCR方法分析人因失误概率.针对人误数据来源不足的问题,应用模拟机实验的方法,通过建立人误分析系统模拟运营场景中人员的行为,获取事故场景中人误数据.分析全自动驾驶人误分析系统的设计方案并详细描述各组成模块功能需求,结合典型的英国地铁事故实例,分析事故中的人误率.针对人的失误,提出改进措施,降低事故的人误率,提高控制中心人员的可靠性.