船舶艉导管振动性能研究

针对35000吨油轮艉部导管产生裂纹,该文采用有限元法和流体边界元法对舰舶艉部导管进行振动性能预报,并结合振动试验,为减少导管的振动提供了良好的手段。并取得了一定的效果。     

有限元法在硬壳层软土地基应力分析中的应用

文章通过PLAXIS有限元软件,分析了含硬壳层软土地基在荷载、硬壳层厚度、弹性模量、泊松比变化时的应力扩散特性,得出硬壳层的各种参数对应力分布的影响规律,为软土地基的应力分析提供参考.     

汽车车身CAE分析中焊点模型的易用性

白车身通常有数千焊点,不同的焊点模拟方法对于CAE分析精度有重要影响.白车身CAE开发中焊点模拟有3种主要方式：点对点刚性单元（如RBE2,CROD,CBEAM等）、剪弹性梁单元（如CWELD,CFAST）和ACM2类型的六面体单元加RBE3单元连接.讨论了3种类型焊点模拟方法在工程中的应用,通过模态对比分析和易用性总结得出：点对点刚性使用简单,但分析精度较低;剪弹性梁单元易用性复杂,分析精度最高;ACM2单元易用性和分析精度均介于二者之间.为白车身CAE分析中焊点模拟方式的选择提供参考.     

基于铝合金减振器塔的白车身模态分析与研究

为了确保白车身模态性能在设计阶段满足要求,在设计前期需要对白车身模态进行分析研究。论文首先利用有限元分析软件对搭载铝合金减振器塔的某钢铝混合白车身设计模型的模态进行仿真分析和摸底,再通过试验测试方法对实车的模态进行分析确认,两种方法相辅相成,为后期的产品优化提供有效数据支撑。结果表明:有限元分析结果精度高(有限元分析结果与试验测试结果基本相当,误差在2%左右),有限元分析软件强大的模拟计算能力使大量繁琐的工程问题简单化,可以节省大量的开发时间和成本;同时再结合试验测试对有限元分析结果进行校核修正,两种方法相结合可以为汽车设计方案的设计和优化提供行之有效的解决方案。     

桥上有砟轨道无缝道岔非线性阻力及其影响分析

为了分析考虑阻力弹塑性变化的高速铁路桥上无缝道岔纵向力演变机理,使用试验与理论分析相结合的方法,全面考虑了道床纵向阻力的弹、塑性变化特征。进行扣件系统反复加卸载试验和有砟道床阻力测试,通过研究线路纵向阻力退化现象,分析其产生机理,并构建无缝道岔新型线路阻力本构模型。以高速铁路18号无缝道岔为例,在ANSYS中建立考虑边界效应的岔-桥-墩一体化模型,将试验所得参数与规范值进行仿真分析对比,深入分析考虑阻力弹塑性变化时对桥上无缝道岔受力及变形的影响。结果表明,当梁轨相对纵向位移较小时,使用规范规定的线路纵向阻力进行高速铁路桥上无缝道岔受力与变形分析,会使计算结果与实际相比普遍偏小。当出现阻力强化现象时,使用规范值进行无缝道岔的受力变形计算所得的结果偏于不安全。建议在实际工程中应尽量进行大量的试验分析,从而修正规范值。     

Cyclic behavior and strain energy-based fatigue damage analysis of mooring chains high strength steel

This study investigates the low-cycle fatigue behavior of mooring chains high-strength steel grade R4 under different strain amplitudes and strain ratios at room temperature. A fatigue test program has been carried out on small low cycle fatigue specimens cut from large mooring chains. The experimental results characterize the cyclic stress-strain relationship, the mean stress relaxation behavior, and the cyclic plasticity parameters of the material. Strain energy density is correlated with fatigue life through a simple power-law expression and very well represented by Basquin-Coffin-Mansion relationship. Further, a non-linear elastic-plastic material model is calibrated to the experimental stress-strain curves and used for the estimation of energy dissipation in the specimens under applied cyclic loads. The predicted fatigue life using the calibrated material parameters demonstrates a close agreement with the experimental fatigue life. Numerical simulations are carried out to analyze local plastic straining and assess crack initiation at the pit site of corroded mooring chains considering the multiaxial stress state. An energy-based approach is employed to estimate the number of cycles needed for a crack to initiate from an existing corrosion pit.     

Efficient methods to mitigate SCR-induced walking of short subsea flowlines

Steel catenary riser is a long-established option for subsea projects in deep-water regions. Sustained pulling force of steel catenary risers on subsea flowlines in combination with cyclic thermal load throughout the system lifetime may lead to progressive global axial displacement of subsea pipelines which has been termed as ‘walking’. One of the challenges in the deep-water industry is long-term walking of subsea flowlines in a cumulative manner. Common practice methods for walking mitigation are quite expensive operations. State-of-the-art mitigation strategies are proposed in the paper by means of modifying pipe pieces before the installation operation. Bowed pipe pieces and miter joints are two recommended approaches for walking mitigation. The presented mitigation strategies are relatively cost-effective solutions for the pipe-walking challenge and they are able to considerably cease the potential cyclic walking. Comprehensive FE analyses in ABAQUS software are performed to evaluate the proposed deformed pipelines response subject to two loading conditions. Through-life integrity of the suggested pre-deformed pipeline is assessed in terms of effective axial force, local buckles and excessive axial strains. A comparison of the presented method with conventional techniques shows the effectiveness of the proposed configuration. The proposed methods can significantly reduce effective axial force throughout the subsea pipeline by means of artificially introduced deformations. The cumulative walking of the presented method is practically zero. In addition, the influence of combined triggering mechanisms to the walking phenomenon is assessed when the pipeline is located on a sloping seabed and it is subject to non-uniform thermal loads. A parametric study is performed to improve confidence in design and provide a reasonably practical technique with an optimal shape.     

分离式框架桥结构有限元数值分析

为了研究分离式框架桥的结构计算问题以及探讨现有的框架桥设计软件的应用,以三跨分离式框架桥为例,采用MADIS CIVIL有限元分析软件对分离式框架桥结构进行数值分析,并将分离式框架桥的边孔、中孔当作单跨框架桥用以做对比计算。从计算结果分析可见,作用在框架桥边墙上的侧向土压力对框架桥结构内力影响很大,分离式框架桥各孔的结构内力与按单跨框架桥计算的结构内力差额较大。由此表明,框架桥设计软件的单跨框架桥计算模块不宜用于检算分离式框架桥,框架桥设计软件需要进一步完善并有待增加分离式计算模块。     

Mechanical behavior of metallic strip flexible pipes during reeling operation

Metallic strip flexible pipes (MSFP), a relatively new style of unbonded flexible pipes, are considered as an attractive alternative to traditional submarine pipes. During its reeling operation, it will inevitably confront various complicated loads, which may affect the integrity and safety of MSFP's utilization. In this paper, the tension-extension and moment-curvature relation of MSFP were obtained by laboratorial tests. The mechanical properties were then imported into the global model established in ABAQUS. The finite element model was adopted to predict the deformation and mechanical responses of MSFP during the operation process. Besides, the effects of reeling length, the diameter of the coiling drum, and the pulling force were discussed. The obtained conclusions will provide some references for optimizing MSFP design and preventing possible damage in the reeling operation.     

列车振动条件下古建筑群结构动力响应分析

为研究地铁列车振动对上方古建筑的影响规律,基于西安地铁4号线下穿和平门区段,建立不同行车速度组合工况有限元振动分析模型,用来分析和平门古建筑群的振动响应规律。并进行中国古建筑结构允许振动速度评价标准的比选、推导和确定,由结果可知:地铁单向或对向通过城墙时,不同车速对峰值位移几乎没有影响。城墙的峰值速度、加速度随着车速的增大而增大,在车速为80 km/h时达到最大。桥体在两种运行模式下的峰值位移、速度、加速度变化趋势与城墙相同,但最终值较大。综合比较,列车80 km/h对向行驶为最不利情况,此时城墙和桥体的速度、加速度分别为0.160,0.667 mm/s和0.679,2.998 mm/s~2。护城河桥的振动以竖直方向为主,而城墙在列车运营时主要呈水平方向振动。桥体的水平振动速度略大于城墙,且两者均小于容许水平振动速度,因此该地铁运营过程中可保证古建筑运营安全。