微型客车覆盖件抗凹性有限元分析与研究

文章运用有限元数值模拟方法模拟了车门外板凹陷变形过程,对其抗凹性进行了分析和评价,并采用数值模拟的方法对优化方案的可行性进行了验证。研究表明,有限元方法可以便利地预测和评定覆盖件的抗凹性能,为覆盖件结构的优化设计和材料选取提供理论指导和数据依据。     

考虑层间接触状态的水泥砼路面有限元分析

文章以广西柳南高速公路和桂柳高速公路的典型路面结构为研究对象,建立三维有限元模型,进行水泥混凝土路面结构模拟计算,分析水泥混凝土路面板与基层的层间接触状态对路面结构的挠度及荷载应力的影响。     

微波暗室静区反射电平计算方法研究

微波暗室静区性能的仿真计算通常采用几何光学法,而这种方法对于高频场计算准确性较高,当微波暗室应用于较低频率时,再利用这种方法就会产生较大的误差。文章在探讨两种微波暗室静区性能分析方法的基础上,提出在微波暗室仿真计算时,对于高频段采用几何光学法,低频则采用时域有限差分法。两种分析方法相互补充,能够较好的满足微波暗室静区指标分析的需要。     

芯板可压缩的夹层加筋板固有频率分析

推导了一种考虑芯板垂向压缩变形影响的双向加筋的约束阻尼夹层板有限元单元.其中,夹层板面遵循Mindlin一阶剪切变形理论的假定;芯板采用基于厚板理论的非线性位移模式, 各向位移沿板厚成抛物线分布, 并考虑了芯板的横向压缩变形;加强筋采用Timoshenko梁模型,考虑了其剪切变形的影响.根据层间位移连续和板、梁位移连续假设,将芯板和加强筋的位移用上下面板位移表示,推导了相应的位移应变关系, 继而根据Hamilton原理建立了控制方程.数值计算结果表明约束阻尼夹层加筋板有限元单元的推导是正确的;在约束阻尼夹层加筋板的固有频率研究中,考虑夹层板芯层的垂向压缩变形的影响是必要的.还讨论了芯板和加强筋的各个参数对板固有频率的影响.     

基于离散元方法的极地浮碎冰区船舶冰阻力研究

本文采用离散元方法建立浮/碎冰模型,结合欧拉多相流VOF方法数值模拟船舶与浮/碎冰间的接触碰撞过程。重点对比分析了船冰作用过程中三种接触力计算模型：Hertz-Mindlin模型、Linear Spring模型及Walton Braun模型对船冰作用形式及冰阻力数值的影响。得出在同一工况下,三种接触碰撞模型对船体周围碎冰运动模式变化影响一致。对于船体所受冰阻力,通过分析船长、船宽方向冰阻力数值并将计算结果与DuBrovin经验公式进行对比,得出使用Linear Spring接触力计算模型计算的阻力幅值发散低,数值相对稳定且计算误差较小。本文研究工作对极地冰区船舶与浮碎冰相互作用的阻力计算具有一定的指导意义。     

半潜式平台大肘板局部切割作业的结构应力监测与分析

某半潜式平台立柱与浮箱间的8个大肘板需要在坞修中拆除并更换新的大肘板,通过结构有限元方法可以分析大肘板拆除过程的安全性,但在坞修中平台外部载荷和支撑条件的不确定性为建立精确的有限元模型带来困难。文章针对一处大肘板,提出了一种应力释放局部切割流程和应力监测方案,采用光纤光栅传感器对应力释放过程中大肘板及附近8个关键位置的应变情况进行了实时监测。采用Mises屈服准则计算得到局部切割过程中各测点的相当应力,分析了局部切割过程中不同位置的应力变化特点。分析得到切割前8个关键位置的初始应力状态,为有限元模型提供校核依据,最终获得了经过验证的有限元模型,为进一步研究切割方案安全性和分析新大肘板初始应力状态奠定基础。     

JU2000E自升式钻井平台桩腿TKY节点 焊接残余应力分析

Ju2000E自升式钻井平台的桩腿TKY节点由于焊接结构复杂,各构件采用高强度大厚板,焊缝多且不规则,焊接残余应力分布复杂,对其评估焊接残余应力非常困难。如今焊接残余应力表面测量配合应力计算是最有效的方法,本文采用一系列的高效计算方法实现了桩腿TKY节点焊接残余应力的高效计算,并通过X衍射法和小孔法验证了计算的可靠性,同时通过计算机模拟软件建立的三维实体模型分析了该结构的应力分布特征。计算结果表明,整个模拟件各方向的峰值拉应力出现在半圆板焊接区域表层,特别是焊趾位置呈现较大的应力集中,而焊缝材料的屈服强度相对半圆板材料屈服强度低,故焊缝区域的各方向拉应力幅值稍低于半圆板焊接区域;整个模拟件各焊缝区域从外到内部的等效应力呈现300-600MPa的较大应力,靠近半圆板的焊趾位置出现较大应力集中,等效应力达到600MPa以上。     

小水线面双体船全船应力分布的有限元分析

该文依据有关规范和文献,针对小水线面双体船的特殊外载及结构形式,用有限元法详细分析其全船及局部的应力分布规律,并计算出在不同载荷分布,不同结构形式,不同的加强措施下的应力分布情况及相应的应力值。     

Energy dissipation in high-energy ship-offshore jacket platform collisions

Ship collisions with offshore structures may be characterized by large amounts of kinetic energy that can be dissipated as strain energy in either the ship, or the installation, or shared by both. In this paper a series of FE numerical simulations are performed with the aim of providing a clearer understanding on the strain energy dissipation phenomenon, particularly upon the ship-structure interaction. Ships of different dimensions and layouts are modelled for impact simulations. Likewise, three platform jacket models of different sizes and configurations are considered. The collision cases involve joints, legs, and braces and are simulated for several kinetic energy amounts of the vessels and different impact orientations. An overview of the plastic deformation mechanisms that can occur in both ship and jacket structure is also given. The results from the various models with different collision scenarios are compared in terms of the strain energy dissipation with respect to the different ship/installation strength ratios. From the FEA simplified approaches are also derived in terms of the relative stiffness of the two structures for assessing the responses and energy absorptions of the two structures. The conclusions drawn from this study can be applied to a broader range of collision assessment of offshore steel jacket platforms subjected to high-energy ship impacts.     

Understanding the distribution characteristics of bus speed based on geocoded data

Data-driven traffic management and control has attracted much attention recently. This paper conducts a series of coherent analyses based on geocoded data to understand the distribution characteristics of bus operational speed and to explore the potential applications of speed distributions. First, an original bipartite model is adopted for capturing instantaneous speed where the suspended and moving states are considered separately and a two-component mixed Weibull distribution is used to model the speed distribution in moving states. The mixed Gaussian distribution with variable components is found to be capable of expressing the speed distribution patterns of different road sections. Second, elaborate analyses on the basis of speed distribution modelling are conducted: (i) regression analyses are conducted to explore the correlations between parameters of instantaneous speed distributions and traffic related factors; (ii) a powerful clustering method using Kullback-Leibler divergence as the distance measure is proposed to grade the road sections of a bus route. These results can be utilized in fields such as bus operations management, bus priority signal control and infrastructure transformation aiming to improve the efficiency of bus operations systems.