钢-铝石墨半固态铸轧复合的数值模拟

铸轧区的温度分布直接影响着铸轧过程的稳定性和复合板材的质量.针对实验室复合板半固态铸轧试验的特点建立了数学模型,采用有限元法对钢-铝石墨半固态铸轧复合过程的热流耦合问题进行了数值模拟计算,分析了不同浇注温度和铸轧速度下熔池内温度场变化的情况.模拟结果表明,当浇注温度为620℃,铸轧速度在0.6～0.8 m/min的范围内可保证铸轧稳定进行,此结论与试验数据相吻合.该模型可以有效预测凝固前沿位置,为半固态铸轧复合工艺的进一步研究和钢-铝石墨复合板的数字化生产提供了依据.     

高速铁路软土路基施工过程中整体稳定性分析

随着我国经济建设的不断发展以及运输系统要求的提高,大量高速铁路在我国广泛修建。然而,在软土区域修建高速铁路,路基施工过程中的整体稳定性一直备受关注。结合工程实例,借助有限元分析的方法,建立三维模型,对路基施工过程整体稳定性进行分析,研究方法及结论能为类似工程设计及施工提供参考依据。     

Wear simulation for the centre plate arrangement of a freight car

The bodies of many railway freight cars in many countries of the world are coupled to the running gear by means of a body centre plate that makes a friction pair with a centre bowl. During motion, the bogie is rotated and moved with respect to the car body. This leads to wear on the contact surfaces. Lubrication is inexpedient in this case because the friction forces damp the vibrations (so-called bogie hunting) during motion. Usually, centre plates exhibit noticeable wear after two years of operation. Reducing wear requires knowing details of the wear process which, in turn, requires computer simulation of freight car motion for an operation period of 10–15 years. The purpose of this paper is to develop a universal method for wear simulation of friction pairs that could be used, in particular, for the centre plate of a freight car.     

钢桥面板顶板-纵肋连接接头的疲劳性能

对钢桥面板整体模型进行了有限元分析。结果表明,顶板横向应力在横桥向的分布表现出类似弹性支承多跨连续梁的受力特点,且顶板横向应力基本全部为弯曲应力,膜应力很小,在顶板-纵肋连接处纵肋应力远小于顶板横向应力。顶板-纵肋连接处的应力纵向和横向影响线很短,疲劳验算可不考虑同一车辆轴重间的相互影响及多车效应。增加顶板厚度可大大降低顶板的应力幅,铺装层的完整性对钢桥面板十分重要。此外,还对该类型接头的疲劳分级及现行欧洲规范Eurocode和美国规范AASHTO LRFD的相关条款进行了分析。为考虑车辆荷载通过引起的非成比例多轴疲劳效应,轮荷载滚动加载足尺模型试验和分析方法需要进一步深入研究。     

An inverse finite element method for the analysis of VIV data

This paper presents an algorithm for the frequency domain solution of dynamic linear “inverse” problems, that is for the processing of measurement data (strain, acceleration etc.) acquired on a mechanical structure, in order to estimate the loads acting on the structure and its corresponding response. The problem is formulated as a constrained (force equilibrium) optimization (small deviations from measurements, small loads) problem, which is transformed into an unconstrained problem, then into differential equations. The algorithm is applied to the estimation of hydrodynamic forces induced by the shedding of vortices from an offshore oil riser.     

软基中拱桥桥台位移分析及优化方案

基于工程实例对软基中某无铰拱桥桥台位移进行有限元分析,讨论分析过程中特殊非线性的处理方法,并在原设计基础上对桥台进行优化分析。研究结果表明:优化后桥台位移减小,且与实测值吻合,结构内力分布更加均匀,结构处于安全状态,从而也证明本文分析的合理性,所提出的优化变更方案是切实可行的,达到了预期的效果,对同类工程问题具有参考价值。     

基于SPH方法的耙吸挖泥船艏喷过程数值仿真

艏喷是耙吸挖泥船作业的典型方式,泥浆混合物喷射轨迹和距离的分析一直是研究的热点。本文基于光滑粒子动力学（SPH）方法,在ABAQUS中建立典型耙吸挖泥船喷嘴管段模型,模拟泥浆喷射过程,并获得泥浆喷射轨迹及出口速度、泥浆散落面积等关键参数。经过与理论分析公式比较,粒子法数值模拟可以更好的描述喷射动态过程以及对管道的作用力,研究结果可以为耙吸挖泥船施工以及设计提供参考。     

不同海况下小侧体三体船的艏部结构砰击特性

本文运用CFD软件STAR-CCM+建立三体船在波浪条件下的三维砰击模型,采用重叠网格技术结合船舶六自由度系统模拟船体的砰击运动,对不同波高、波长以及不同航速下的船体砰击进行数值模拟,对比分析各工况下船体结构的运动响应和砰击特征。数值模拟结果表明：航速变化对船体砰击压力有显著影响,而波高和波长的变化对砰击压力影响较小但也不可忽视。     

贵阳机场岩溶洼地填筑体变形与稳定性数值模拟

以贵阳龙洞堡国际机场试验段工程为例对岩溶洼地填筑体变形及稳定性进行数值模拟研究。研究结果表明:强夯对岩溶洼地地基土处理具有较好的效果,能有效降低填筑体的沉降量及边坡位移量;填筑体沉降量随着填筑体厚度减小而减小。     

Virtual durability test rigs for automotive engineering

In recent years so-called ‘virtual test rigs’ have become more and more important in the development process of cars and trucks. Originally, the idea was to substitute expensive durability tests with computer simulation. Meanwhile, the focus has changed towards a more cooperative usage of numerical and laboratory rig simulation. For many safety critical issues laboratory tests remain indispensable. In early development stages, when no physical prototypes are available yet, numerical simulation is used to analyse and optimise the design. In this paper, we show how to build numerical simulation models of complex servo-hydraulic test systems and their test specimen using multi-body simulation for the mechanics in combination with simulation models for the hydraulics and controls. We illustrate this at two industrial application examples: a spindle-coupled passenger car suspension rig and a tyre-coupled full vehicle rig. We show how the simulation models are used to design and optimise better test rigs and to support the test rig operation by preparing the physical tests with new specimen, i.e. by performing numerical simulations including numerical drive file iteration before the physical tests start.