Optimizing express parcel networks and delivery schemes subject to timeliness tolerances

The ‘first come first served’ (FCFS) strategy usually adopted by air express companies does not consider delivery time tolerances and induces underuse of some facilities. This study relaxes the time tolerances and tackles the issue of parcel deliveries and transport network design for an express delivery company. In other words, it determines simultaneously the route loops of company-owned cargo aircraft, the amount of cargo space chartered for each link and the parcel delivery paths. Using a case study in which parcels must be delivered between 14 cities served by the SF Air Express Company, we find that FCFS is not the best approach for minimizing costs and that express companies can optimize both their delivery schemes and networks subject to some relaxed time tolerances.     

老城区交通微循环的双层规划模型

老城区道路街巷网络密集，利用交通微循环可以缓解交通干道的压力，提高区域路网的承载力和可达性。以干路饱和度和街道级交通指数为优化目标，支路不拥堵为约束条件，构建上层模型，采用用户均衡交通分配与借助Tran CAD求解下层模型，构建老城区交通微循环的双层规划模型，并通过实例说明了模型的建立与求解过程。