贵州省纳雍县滑坡易发性评价

以贵州省纳雍县为研究区,基于地理信息系统(GIS)平台,采用Logistic回归模型评价区域滑坡易发性。选取高程、坡度、坡向、地表曲率、岩性、到公路距离、到水系距离和到断层距离8项影响因子,应用Logistic回归模型拟合描述滑坡发生与各项因子关系的回归方程。在此基础上,预测研究区内滑坡易发性的概率值,并将研究区划分为5个易发级别。结合历史滑坡分布,对滑坡易发性分区的合理性进行验证,结果表明滑坡易发性分区图和实际滑坡分布情况吻合较好。此外,应用受试者工作特征曲线对模型结果进行评价,结果显示,曲线下面积AUC值为0.774,Logistic回归模型的预测精度较好。     

Transshipment hub port selection for shipping carriers in a dual hub-port system

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the factors affecting transshipment (T/S) hub port selection by a feeder port and helps shipping carriers make a decision about T/S hub port selection in a dual hub-port system. By employing established evaluation factors, a case study is conducted to weigh the priority of factors and to select an alternative T/S hub port, such as between the Shanghai and Ningbo ports from the Nanjing feeder port in the Yangtze River delta (YRD). A combined multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework utilizing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the consistent fuzzy preference relations (CFPR) method is employed to both reduce the number of pairwise comparisons by AHP and to obtain experts’ knowledge in the decision-making process. The result indicates that the cost, availability of hub port’s space allocation, and the connectivity between feeder port and hub port are crucial factors for T/S hub port selection by shipping carriers. In the case study, Shanghai is selected as the T/S hub port from the Nanjing feeder port. Nevertheless, Ningbo port has the advantage of cost, and if the relationship with feeder port can be improved, Ningbo port would be preferred over Shanghai as a T/S hub port for shipping carriers in a dual hub-port system.     

大型通航渡槽框架式挡水墙断缝设置研究

大型通航渡槽两侧框架式挡水墙尺寸较大,为避免其全部参与主梁整体受力而导致内力过大或过于复杂,需对它纵向设置断缝。本文针对32 m简支T梁挡水墙提出了3种断缝设置方案,采用空间梁元、空间板元、质量单元及连接单元等对渡槽结构和边界进行精细模拟,建立渡槽结构空间有限元仿真模型,计算不同方案下渡槽结构分别在施工阶段、运营阶段的空间受力情况。计算结果表明:设置断缝的挡水墙将部分参与T梁整体结构受力,且不同设置方法对各片T梁荷载横向分配和纵向受力亦有较大影响;综合考虑结构受力与止水等影响,挡水墙在每跨1/3跨度处对称设置2条断缝是合适的。     

Measuring Public Access to the Shoreline: The Boat-Based Offset Survey Method

As cities redevelop underutilized waterfronts, opportunities exist to promote public access to the shoreline. However, planning for access is hampered by a lack of reliable data on how people utilize a specific shoreline. The boat-based offset transect survey (B-BOTS) method allows researchers to accurately record, map, and analyze shoreline access. This article discusses the use of B-BOTS along the northern part Narragansett Bay, RI. Using B-BOTS, on 52 randomly selected days over a two-season period, researchers developed a geodatabase that included the position of all shoreline users and the activity in which they were engaging. Using this geodatabase, the article demonstrates that the amount and type of shoreline use varied dramatically throughout the study area and varied in ways that would not have been predictable using conventional sources of data. The article also demonstrates that the availability of parking not only influenced the amount of shoreline use, but also the manner in which different user types distributed themselves along the shore. The article discusses the importance of such findings for developing plans for waterfront redevelopment and public access.     

城市道路网最短路径启发算法研究

从城市道路网络的实际特点出发,对城市电子地图的道路网进行网络分析,将最佳路径搜索问题转化为图论中的最短路径搜索问题,通过对最短路径搜索算法的分析,提出了一种求解城市道路网两点间最短路径的算法。该算法主要对Dijkistra算法的搜索方法进行改进,根据两点间直线距离最短这一原理,运用待扩展节点与终止节点间的直线距离这一启发信息,使搜索沿着某个最有希望的路径进行下去,大大减少了搜索范围,提高了路径搜索的速度,具有重要的实践意义。     

基于GIS的黄土地区公路地基承载力评价系统

通过对西北黄土地区地基承载力及其主要影响因素分布规律的研究,进行了黄土地区地基承载力的分区,确定了黄土地基处理的原则和选取方法。在此基础上,建立了基于G IS的黄土地区公路地基承载力评价系统。该系统利用G IS的数据分析和属性数据管理功能,在收集的大量实测载荷试验数据和相应物理力学指标的基础上,建立了各区域承载力统计回归关系式与样本点的动态数据连接库,实现了对黄土地区公路地基承载力的有效评价。同时,利用地基处理的分析软件,结合公路路基的设计情况,提出了对黄土地基的处理建议,为公路部门的地基承载力评价和黄土地基处理提供了决策依据。     

截面转换加固T梁桥技术的试验研究

在完成4片模型试验梁的制作、加固前后测试的基础上,对比分析了钢筋混凝土T型梁作加固增强处治截面转换成箱型梁前后的应变、挠度、剪力滞后效应、抗扭刚度和极限承载力指标。试验证明,T型梁截面转换成箱型梁后,新增设的钢筋混凝土底板能与原T梁协调变形、共同承担活载。该加固增强技术可有效提高T型梁桥的承载能力,广泛应用于实践。     

VB环境中利用TitanGIS组件开发地理信息系统

简单介绍了组件式GIS技术和TitanGISActiveX组件 ,并结合实例介绍了在VB环境中利用ActiveX控件开发GIS的经验     

基于GPS、GIS技术的公路勘测设计一体化方法研究

结合地理信息系统软件MapGIS6.1的应用研究，提出一种基于GPS和GIS技术的公路勘测设计一体化方法，探讨应用GPS－RTK技术和MapGIS6.1进行公路地形数据采集与数字地面模型建立的方法，改革传统的公路勘测设计模式，提高公路勘测设计工作的效率和数字化水平。     

地理信息系统在排水系统管理中的应用

简要描述地理信息系统的发展、定义和建立基于 GIS的排水管理系统的必要性 ,对排水管理信息系统的数据模型、功能需求和开发方式进行了分析。