大型耙吸式挖泥船精挖施工工艺在湄洲湾航道工程中的应用

为解决大型自航耙吸式挖泥船在航道疏浚施工、特别是在跨度较大的深水航道疏浚施工中存在的严重超挖废方问题,依托大型自航耙吸式挖泥船"长鲸6"在湄洲湾30万吨级主航道疏浚施工中采取RTK无验潮、多波速测量和分层定深开挖等技术,对潮位数据、动态分层定深和测量成果等进行分析,对潮位观测站数据与施工船舶RTK无验潮实时数据进行对比纠正,探讨自航耙吸式挖泥船挖深精确控制施工技术及管理措施。     

Aggregating mobile object trajectories: cumulative time geographic density estimation for GPS data

We present new approaches that expand upon the time geographic density estimation (TGDE) framework previously employed to estimate potential path trees. In the past, TGDE metrics have identified possible locations an individual moving object may have passed between, given known origin and destination points. This paper utilizes a new form of TGDE to investigate taxicab GPS traces over a specified time horizon with position ‘gaps’. To this end, we propose a new extension to the TGDE framework, TGDE-C, which is used to determine the cumulative TGDE values for a group of GPS traces, at a given location. These metrics are applied to multiple taxis and allow for time of day analysis. Additionally, we combine these new extensions with existing TGDE metrics that allow us to determine how accessible individual or groups of vehicles are to urban opportunities.     

Developing an enhanced weight-based topological map-matching algorithm for intelligent transport systems

Map-matching (MM) algorithms integrate positioning data from a Global Positioning System (or a number of other positioning sensors) with a spatial road map with the aim of identifying the road segment on which a user (or a vehicle) is travelling and the location on that segment. Amongst the family of MM algorithms consisting of geometric, topological, probabilistic and advanced, topological MM (tMM) algorithms are relatively simple, easy and quick, enabling them to be implemented in real-time. Therefore, a tMM algorithm is used in many navigation devices manufactured by industry. However, existing tMM algorithms have a number of limitations which affect their performance relative to advanced MM algorithms. This paper demonstrates that it is possible by addressing these issues to significantly improve the performance of a tMM algorithm. This paper describes the development of an enhanced weight-based tMM algorithm in which the weights are determined from real-world field data using an optimisation technique. Two new weights for turn-restriction at junctions and link connectivity are introduced to improve the performance of matching, especially at junctions. A new procedure is developed for the initial map-matching process. Two consistency checks are introduced to minimise mismatches. The enhanced map-matching algorithm was tested using field data from dense urban areas and suburban areas. The algorithm identified 96.8% and 95.93% of the links correctly for positioning data collected in urban areas of central London and Washington, DC, respectively. In case of suburban area, in the west of London, the algorithm succeeded with 96.71% correct link identification with a horizontal accuracy of 9.81 m (2σ). This is superior to most existing topological MM algorithms and has the potential to support the navigation modules of many Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services.     

公路工程测量探讨

主要就公路测量的特点及过程进行介绍，论述公路测量中所采用的方法，解释公路测量在工程进行各个阶段的具体任务。另外介绍了GPS 技术在公路测量的应用前景。     

Using SenseCam to pursue “ground truth” for global positioning system travel surveys

Global Positioning System (GPS) surveys have been conducted for the past decade. Although GPS records were initially regarded as providing “ground truth” of travel, it has been found subsequently that they have some errors. SenseCam, a small passive digital camera, provides a chance to pursue ground truth by capturing images every 20 s on average. This paper discusses how SenseCam could help GPS data collection and shows potential benefits for both SenseCam and GPS research. This paper also investigates the performance of GPS devices in detail in terms of recording data by comparisons between GPS results and SenseCam images. The specific issue of missing GPS data is discussed and examined in this paper.     

桥区航标灯同步闪及监控管理系统设计

分析了老式桥区航标灯系统存在的问题.有针对性地提出了基于单片机(微控制器)、GPS技术、GIS技术及GSM通信技术的航标灯(浮标)远程实时监控系统方案.新增功能主要有:同步闪;灯船坐标位置、电池电压、光源组件的实时监测;闪光类型、周期等工作参数的远程设置.     

基于GPS的远程监控系统在工程机械上的应用

介绍了工程机械“GPS”远程监控系统的产生原因,通过对GPS和工程机械“GPS”远程监控系统组成的分析,总结了工程机械“GPS”远程监控系统可以完成的功能,并指出了其应用前景。     

GPS控制网在长大隧道控制测量中的应用

基于GPS测量法建立的施工测量控制网具有精度高、布网方便等优点。介绍天心山长大隧道GPS控制网的设计、实施、数据处理方法及精度控制情况等。     

基于GPS的公路视频影像信息系统

为了提高公路路况管理及路产管理的效率，开发了基于全球定位系统（GPS）的公路视频影像信息系统.通过视频影像的实时采集压缩和GPS定位，系统可实现基于里程和道路设施的多种视频影像搜索和定位功能，同时可根据电子地图快速定位到相应的视频图像帧.在论述了系统的体系结构后，推导了利用GPS坐标推算里程的算法，该算法通过录入关键帧对应的里程，内插出每帧的里程数，并对其进行修正.实践证明：该算法可有效地控制图像帧的里程误差，该系统可有效用于公路路况管理和公路路产管理.     

基于径向基函数神经网络的GPS高程转换方法

针对GPS高程与正常高程的转换问题，给出了基于径向基函数（Radial Basis Function，RBF）神经网络的模型。该模型隐含层选用Gauss函数作为基函数，学习算法采用自组织选取中心法策略。用实际观测数据进行了试验和仿真，结果表明，用RBF神经网络转换GPS高程的精度优于最小二乘法。对RBF神经网络方法和反向传播（Back-Propagation，BP）神经网络方法转换GPS高程的精度进行了比较，虽然两种方法的结果相近，但RBF神经网络方法在学习速度方面远比BP神经网络方法快。由此可见，RBF神经网络方法用于转换GPS高程是可行和有效的。