基于径向基函数神经网络的GPS高程转换方法

针对GPS高程与正常高程的转换问题，给出了基于径向基函数（Radial Basis Function，RBF）神经网络的模型。该模型隐含层选用Gauss函数作为基函数，学习算法采用自组织选取中心法策略。用实际观测数据进行了试验和仿真，结果表明，用RBF神经网络转换GPS高程的精度优于最小二乘法。对RBF神经网络方法和反向传播（Back-Propagation，BP）神经网络方法转换GPS高程的精度进行了比较，虽然两种方法的结果相近，但RBF神经网络方法在学习速度方面远比BP神经网络方法快。由此可见，RBF神经网络方法用于转换GPS高程是可行和有效的。     

GPS在公路隧道平面控制测量中的应用

简述GPS用于公路隧道平面控制测量的特点,运用GPS技术应考虑的问题及解决方案,以重庆通渝公路隧道为依托,对GPS用于公路隧道平面控制测量的可靠性进行论述。     

铁路带状测区GPS高程转换方法的研究

研究利用GPS技术间接获取正常高，对铁路测量具有非常重要的实用意义。用BP人工神经网络，对京沪高速铁路某段实测GPS大地高程数据进行了转换计算，得到了比较高的转换精度，结果也是稳定的。经过与其它常用方法进行对比，表明利用人工神经网络进行带状测区GPS大地高到正常高的转换计算是可行的。     

GPS在航道整治工程中水下钻孔定位的优势

航道整治工程水下炸礁施工使用GPS定位（放样），比常规测量仪器定位（放样）具有定位准确、简便、减少施工辅助时间，设计钻孔位置与实际钻孔定位误差小的优势，     

Towards comfort-optimal trajectory planning and control

ABSTRACT

This paper describes a method to analyse and evaluate different trajectory planning methods and controller types for usage in automated vehicles. Its application is shown by using a novel trajectory planning approach considering comfort aspects (based on Rapidly Exploring Random Tree (RRT)), two different controllers to follow the planned path (cascade controller and flatness based controller) and a simulation method to obtain resulting lateral vehicle accelerations. The method is used to plan and drive a trajectory through a roundabout. It can be seen that the lateral accelerations of the controller-driven vehicle are in the range of the values used for planning. However, the results of both controllers show differences in lateral deviation and in smoothness of lateral accelerations. The simulation results are then compared to real-world test drives in the same roundabout. The measured lateral accelerations are in the same range as well but show a smoother progression than the two controller models.     

Design of rollover prevention controller with linear matrix inequality-based trajectory sensitivity minimisation

This paper presents a method to design a rollover prevention controller for vehicle systems. The vehicle rollover can be prevented by a controller that minimises the lateral acceleration and the roll angle. Rollover prevention capability can be enhanced if the controlled vehicle system is robust to the variation of the height of the centre of gravity and the speed of the vehicle. For this purpose, a robust controller is designed with linear matrix inequality-based trajectory sensitivity minimisation. Differential braking and active suspension are adopted as actuators that generate yaw and roll moments, respectively. The newly proposed method is shown to be effective in preventing rollover by the simulation on a non-linear multibody dynamic simulation software, CarSim^®.     

Application of time-variant predictive control to modelling driver steering skill

The paper addresses the need for improved mathematical models of human steering control. A multiple-model structure for a driver's internal model of a nonlinear vehicle is proposed. The multiple-model structure potentially offers a straightforward way to represent a range of driver expertise. The internal model is combined with a model predictive steering controller. The controller generates a steering command through the minimisation of a cost function involving vehicle path error. A study of the controller performance during an aggressive, nonlinear steering manoeuvre is provided. Analysis of the controller performance reveals a reduction in the closed-loop controller bandwidth with increasing tyre saturation and fixed controller gains. A parameter study demonstrates that increasing the multiple-model density, increasing the weights on the path error, and increasing the controller knowledge range all improved the path following accuracy of the controller.     

A Trip Reconstruction Tool for GPS-based Personal Travel Surveys

ABSTRACT

This article reports on the development of a trip reconstruction software tool for use in GPS-based personal travel surveys. Specifically, the tool enables the automatic processing of GPS traces of individual survey respondents in order to identify the road links traveled and modes used by each respondent for individual trips. Identifying the links is based on a conventional GIS-based map-matching algorithm and identifying the modes is a rule-based algorithm using attributes of four modes (walk, bicycle, bus and passenger-car). The tool was evaluated using GPS travel data collected for the study and a multi-modal transportation network model of downtown Toronto. The results show that the tool correctly detected about 79% of all links traveled and 92% of all trip modes.     

桂梧航道工程GPS控制网的设计与应用

GPS技术在交通水利等行业的勘察设计中已得到广泛应用,用其建立大区域首级控制网已基本取代了传统的布网方式,具有布网方便、精度高、费用省等特点。结合具体的工程实例,系统介绍带状GPS工程控制网的设计、数据采集、基线向量解算及网平差的全过程,并总结一些有益的经验。     

利用GPS导航缩短大圆航程的方法

分析船舶常用的大圃航行方法的不足,总结利用GPS导航以缩短大圆航程的具体方法,并通过实例进行验证,得出GPS导航可以缩短大圆航程的1/100.