船用5083铝合金随焊滚压工艺的有限元计算

船用5083铝合金在焊接过程中较易出现热裂纹，主要原因是在脆性温度区间存在较大的收缩内应力。为此，对随焊滚压工艺进行研究，采用有限元分析软件MSC.Marc进行焊接工艺模拟，综合考虑焊接热源模型、材料性能和滚压等边界条件，建立船用5083铝合金工件的随焊滚压有限元模型，对比船用5083铝合金薄板在普通焊接工艺及随焊滚压工艺下的焊后残余应力。计算结果表明，在随焊滚压工艺下选择合适的轮枪距及压下量可有效降低焊后残余应力。     

LNG Ready方案下的VLOC LNG舱段结构直接计算方法

为满足船舶低硫排放要求，液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG)Ready方案应运而生。结合超大型矿砂船(Very Large Ore Carrier, VLOC)LNG舱段的布置和结构特点，提出一种LNG舱段结构直接计算方法，并对该方法的若干要点进行研究，包括模型范围和要求、计算载荷和工况的选择等。以某VLOC为例，运用该方法进行LNG舱段结构的有限元直接计算，计算结果指出LNG舱段需要进行结构加强的关键区域。     

Characteristics of gas explosion loads and structural responses of blast wall on FPSO

Gas explosions generally cause catastrophic damage to surrounding structures and humans. The application of blast wall can effectively prevent the damage. The uniform explosion load is widely used in assessing structural response, but it cannot represent the non-uniform characteristic of actual explosion pressures. The main contents of this paper are to study the effect of gas cloud characteristics on explosion pressure distribution, and analyze the effect of non-uniform loads on structural responses. The results reveal that the explosion loads have strongly spatial inhomogeneous when explosion scenarios have large sized cloud or long combustion distance. By establishing the overpressure-probability exceedance curves for uniform loading method and distributed loading method, based on the given accident frequency several design loads are determined. The structural responses of blast wall under design loads are assessed based on explosion evaluation acceptance criteria. It can be seen that the use of uniform loading method underestimates the structural response and misjudges the deformation pattern compared to actual explosion loads. Global and local explosion pressures should be considered simultaneously in the design specification. The overpressure-probability exceedance curves for non-uniform explosion pressures are recommended to establish the design load for blast wall.     

受构造影响的公路滑坡成因分析及治理措施

针对眉山环天府新区快速通道位于府君场向斜核部处的边坡滑坡现象进行分析，认为滑坡成因是该边坡地层泥岩发育，且受府君场向斜影响，岩体破碎、完整性差；施工中边坡开挖过陡且受降雨影响等。为确定治理方案，结合土工试验结果和反演结果获得了滑动面参数，进行滑坡稳定性分析及推力计算，最后确定采用适当抬升纵坡后清方的治理方案。     

LNG船液舱预冷中甲烷双液滴自然对流传热特性分析

针对液化天然气（Liquefied Natural Gas，LNG）船液舱喷雾预冷过程中上下垂直的双液滴在自然对流条件下同种蒸汽中液滴之间影响研究的欠缺，运用计算流体力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD）方法，基于气液界面能量守恒原理，对不同温差、粒径和相对距离条件下甲烷双液滴自然对流传热特性进行分析。研究结果表明：液滴表面热流密度、传热量和质量蒸发率随温差10～190 K的增大而线性增大；液滴表面热流密度随粒径0.1～2.5 mm的增加先快速减小后缓慢减小，传热量和质量蒸发率随粒径的增加而快速增加；上液滴表面热流密度、传热量和质量蒸发率随相对距离10～70的增加基本不变，下液滴表面热流密度、传热量和质量蒸发率随相对距离10～70的增加而缓慢增加。