长江下游深水航道疏浚量的预测与分析

长江中下游航道整治与维护的疏浚量到底有多少,对长江下游深水航道建设维护疏浚的疏浚量和船舶需求分析至关重要,涉及到长江下游深水航道维护疏浚船舶的选型决策。总结长江航道维护船舶的相关前期研究工作,探讨在长江下游航道维护疏浚的主要影响要素,提出复杂工况条件下航道维护疏浚量的测算方法。     

海堤波浪浅水变形的简化计算

对浙江地区海堤工程涉及的波浪浅水变形计算问题进行了分析研究,基于《浙江省海塘工程技术规定》及微积分原理,推导了波浪浅水变形后的波高直接计算解析式,并对平底海床、单斜坡海床、分段折线海床及三次抛物曲线海床情形下的波浪浅水变形计算进行了研究,分别给出了简洁计算解析式,以便于工程师计算参考,达到提高设计进度的目的。最后通过工程实例计算,验证了该波高直接计算解析式的精度完全满足工程要求。     

Evolving competition between Hong Kong and Shenzhen ports

Shenzhen Port (SZP), once a negligible local port, has risen dramatically to a world-leading container port and an “equal” player with Hong Kong Port (HKP). Will this market share reallocation continue, or will equilibrium be eventually realized for HKP to prosper continuously? We examine the relationship between these two ports to answer this question. We propose a new transformation method to describe the growth of container cargo transport demand, define the quantitative measures of the competition relationship and port competitiveness, and present a rigorous analytical framework with econometric tests and models to understand the true relationship between HKP and SZP. Direct empirical tests suggest that SZP complements HKP; however, the two ports exhibit strong competition when the effect of demand growth is excluded. Considering transshipment separately, we find that the impact of SZP on HKP is negative in transshipment but complementary in direct shipment. We may conclude that HKP does not affect SZP, whereas SZP has competitive power over HKP. These results are consistent with the findings of some previous theoretical studies.     

能效设计指数EEDI功率曲线的直接计算方法

船舶能效规则强制生效后,所有适用船舶必须满足Attained EEDI≤Requied EEDI的条件,因此准确估算或预报功率曲线从而计算得到Attained EEDI将对适用船型具有极为重要的意义。根据国内外关于功率-转速-航速预报的最新进展,依据螺旋桨敞水性能图谱,采用KT/J^2系数,给出了功率曲线的直接计算方法,经实际算例验证,该方法相对传统的间接计算方法更为清晰简便,且结果准确可靠。     

PHC桩的抗氯离子渗透性

通过“压蒸”和“免压蒸”两种工艺生产的PHC桩的抗氯离子渗透性试验研究,获得PHC桩混凝土的抗氯离子渗透性指标。对海洋环境下在役PHC桩受氯离子侵蚀情况进行调研和取样分析,获得在役PHC桩受海水中氯离子侵蚀的腐蚀曲线,掌握PHC桩混凝土中氯离子的渗透规律,对掌握PHC管桩的耐久性状况有实际意义。     

Tuning of transfer functions for analysis of wave–ship interactions

Transfer functions are often used together with a wave spectrum for analysis of wave–ship interactions, where one application addresses the prediction of wave-induced motions or other types of global responses. This paper presents a simple and practical method which can be used to tune the transfer function of such responses to facilitate improved prediction capability. The input to the method consists of a measured response, i.e. time series sequences from a given sensor, the 2D wave spectrum characterising the seaway in which the measurements are taken, and an initial estimate of the transfer function for the response in study. The paper presents results obtained using data from an in-service container ship. The 2D wave spectra are taken from the ERA5 database, while the transfer function is computed by a simple closed-form expression. The paper shows that the application of the tuned transfer function leads to predictions which are significantly improved compared to using the transfer function without tuning.     

变截面圆柱形空腔覆盖层吸声系数的二维近似解

具有空腔周期性排列的粘弹性结构在水声工程中有着广泛的应用.将包含变截面圆柱形空腔周期性排列的吸声覆盖层的一个单元进行分段近似成多层圆柱管结构,并应用子域分割法在分段的接合界面处满足平均轴向位移和平均轴向应力连续,给出了变截面圆柱形空腔吸声覆盖层吸声系数的二维近似解.分析了高阶传播波和分段层数对吸声系数的影响,比较了不同空腔形状对覆盖层吸声性能的影响.研究结果表明,在一定频率范围内,主要是最低阶传播模式对吸声性能起作用,喇叭型空腔结构较圆柱型空腔结构吸声覆盖层的吸声性能更加优良.在覆盖层设计中,空腔的形状应有一个优化的过程.     

码头混凝土中的氯离子侵入研究

对码头的不同构件钻取了一批混凝土芯样,测量了其中CaCO3的含量和氯离子分布,分析了局部环境对碳化和氯离子分布的影响。试验结果表明,在极度潮湿环境下混凝土碳化进展缓慢,且碳化区域以未完全碳化区为主导,混凝土碳化的深度最终趋于一个极限值。局部环境可导致混凝土中氯离子分布发生较大变化,在混凝土表层氯离子侵入方式复杂,可形成一个氯离子含量平稳区段,只有在一定深度内才符合扩散机理。     

美国国防部UFC规范船舶撞击能计算解析

简述美国国防部UFC规范关于船舶撞击能的计算公式,并比较其设计参数选取和计算结果与英标BSI规范和我国规范的异同,着重分析偏心系数C_e和虚拟质量系数C_m。结果表明,UFC规范在C_m中考虑了船底相对水深对船舶撞击能的影响,且此时C_m的计算结果与船模试验结果较为接近;船舶撞击能的计算结果,UFC规范>英标>我国规范;C_e、C_m在不同船型中基本为常量,不随吨级而变化。     

波、流共存时的床面剪切力

利用边界层理论 ,导出了波、流共存时的床面剪切力 ,得出综合摩阻系数、综合速度和综合摩阻速度计算公式