“一送两受”式无绝缘轨道电路最大传输距离分析

为了求解中央供电两端接受式无绝缘轨道电路最大传输距离,本文根据此种轨道电路在调整态、分路态、断轨态3种工作状态下的四端网数学模型,在不同的初始参数下仿真分析了轨道电路在断轨态和分路态下的转移阻抗的变化情况,得出轨道电路在断轨态转移阻抗的最小值大于分路态转移阻抗的最小值,以此简化了求解轨道电路最大传输距离的前提条件。在此基础上,给出了求解此种轨道电路最大传输距离的计算方法。结果对比表明,该方法能够正确地计算轨道电路最大传输距离,为此类型轨道电路的设计提供理论依据。     

CBTC列车安全定位中通信中断时间的研究

通信中断的存在会对目前城市轨道交通的CBTC列车安全定位产生影响,进而影响列车安全间隔距离。CBTC车地通信系统大多采用无线局域网技术。越区切换中断是导致通信中断的主要原因,根据IEEE 802.11协议的越区切换流程,本文推导出越区切换中断时间与列车速度的关系表达式,在此基础上根据安全定位的实现方法和移动闭塞系统中列车安全间隔距离的计算方法,推导出通信中断时间与影响安全定位的因素之一——估计的运行距离及列车运行安全间隔之间的关系表达式。建立两列列车追踪运行模型,仿真不同通信中断时间下两列车的追踪间隔距离。采用此关系表达式进行理论计算的结果与仿真结果验证了通信中断时间与估计的运行距离及列车运行安全间隔的关系表达式是合理的。     

基于视距的城市道路线形指标及优化措施研究

城市道路由于受到建设条件制约经常会采用较小的平、纵线形指标,其中地下道路和高架道路的曲线路段由于受到中隔墙、侧墙、结构顶板或防撞墙、防眩设施、声屏障等结构物的影响,易造成视距不足,为道路运营带来了安全隐患。在总结分析行车视距验算方法及规范要求值的基础上,采用数值解析法计算得到城市道路不同设计速度和视距要求下的平曲线、竖曲线半径对应值,并提出了视距不足时的优化设计措施,以期为日后的相关工作提供参考。     

汽车防追尾碰撞数学模型研究

为了提高车辆在高速行驶状态下的主动安全性能,研究了处于追尾行驶状态的本车与前车的运动学特征;针对前车的不同运动状态分别推导出了跟车距离的计算模型并分析了模型中3个关键参数的随机性和动态性,对制动迟滞时间提出了基于模糊推理的确定方法,对本车制动减速度和前车的运动加速度提出了比较实用的动态测算公式;另外,研究了防追尾碰撞的控制与执行,建立了动态调整安全制动停车距离的神经网络模型,提出了基于危险裕度判别的安全控制方法。     

移动闭塞系统区间通过能力分析及参数计算

移动闭塞条件下“闭塞分区”呈现出“移动”和“长度变化”的特征,其区间通过能力的计算较固定闭塞系统更加复杂。本文建立了移动闭塞系统区间通过能力的数学模型,对区间通过能力与列车追踪运行速度、跟驰车距和列车性能等参数之间的相互关系进行了定性、定量分析,并就关鍵参数的计算方法进行了深入的讨论,对移动闭塞条件下的列车运行控制与行车组织有一定的参考价值。     

Fast-charging station choice behavior among battery electric vehicle users

This study explores how battery electric vehicle users choose where to fast-charge their vehicles from a set of charging stations, as well as the distance by which they are generally willing to detour for fast-charging. The focus is on fast-charging events during trips that include just one fast-charge between origin and destination in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Mixed logit models with and without a threshold effect for detour distance are applied to panel data extracted from a two-year field trial on battery electric vehicle usage in Japan. Findings from the mixed logit model with threshold show that private users are generally willing to detour up to about 1750 m on working days and 750 m on non-working days, while the distance is 500 m for commercial users on both working and non-working days. Users in general prefer to charge at stations requiring a shorter detour and use chargers located at gas stations, and are significantly affected by the remaining charge. Commercial users prefer to charge at stations encountered earlier along their paths, while only private users traveling on working days show such preference and they turn to prefer the stations encountered later when choosing a station in peak hours. Only private users traveling on working days show a strong preference for free charging. Commercial users tend to pay for charging at a station within 500 m detour distance. The fast charging station choice behavior is heterogeneous among users. These findings provide a basis for early planning of a public fast charging infrastructure.     

Optimal joint distance and time toll for cordon-based congestion pricing

This paper addresses the optimal toll design problem for the cordon-based congestion pricing scheme, where both a time-toll and a nonlinear distance-toll (i.e., joint distance and time toll) are levied for each network user’s trip in a pricing cordon. The users’ route choice behaviour is assumed to follow the Logit-based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). We first propose a link-based convex programming model for the Logit-based SUE problem with a joint distance and time toll pattern. A mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is developed to formulate the optimal joint distance and time toll design problem. The developed MPEC model is equivalently transformed into a semi-infinite programming (SIP) model. A global optimization method named Incremental Constraint Method (ICM) is designed for solving the SIP model. Finally, two numerical examples are used to assess the proposed methodology.     

沙枕抛投在荆江航道整治中的应用

沙枕袋可以有效防止水流冲刷河床底部,是稳定河床及岸坡、防止冲刷的主要加固措施。结合长江中游荆江段航道整治工程施工,介绍了抛沙枕进行护底补坡的施工工艺流程、施工要点,重点介绍沙枕袋在长江水流影响下的抛投质量控制措施及实施效果。     

港外锚地相对安全距离研究

对于港外锚地与周边设施、碍航物的相对安全距离,目前没有一个明确的规定。文中介绍了我国关于锚地宏观选址的相关要求,深入研究了锚泊船走锚特征,包括走锚过程、漂移方向和走锚速度等方面,提出了确定锚地与周边设施（或碍航物）相对安全距离的计算方法,对港外锚地选址及保护锚地资源具有一定的参考作用。     

基于特征的全船焊接工时聚类分析

以某型船全船焊接信息为样本,首先验证了数据样本服从对数正态分布;再以距离作为度量标准,对焊接信息进行基于不同距离测量方法的聚类分析,并重点对比平方欧氏距离和夹角余弦距离的聚类树形图,得出全船焊接信息合理的聚类数目;最后对每个类进行物理信息的解释,得到完整实用的基于特征的全船焊接工时估算标准,为新型船经济性论证及方案选型提供快捷、可靠的依据。