长联公铁两用钢桁梁桥采用速度锁定器装置减震性能研究

长联公铁两用钢桁梁桥固定墩地震响应大,抗震设计困难。通过设置速度锁定装置,并对各种速度锁定器布置方案进行比选分析,研究该类桥梁桥墩采用速度锁定器装置后的减震性能。由于设置速度锁定器装置的活动墩的分担,各方案整体减震率可达到20.5%～47.1%。如锁定墩(设置速度锁定器装置的活动墩)墩高相比固定墩和其他锁定墩墩高矮很多,或者锁定墩一侧未采用速度锁定器装置的活动墩较多,则该锁定墩的地震响应可能超过原固定墩。该类桥梁确定锁定器布置方案时应综合考虑内力和位移的减震效果、锁定力大小,并同时兼顾公路层和铁路层梁-墩相对位移的大小等因素的影响。对长联公铁两用钢桁梁桥,采用速度锁定器装置并优化其布置方案后,可取得较好的减震效果。     

地铁隧道半断面水平冻结施工的水热力耦合特性研究

地层冻结是一个水、热、力三场耦合问题,基于考虑相变的水热力耦合理论,分析地层温度场、水分场随时间的变化规律,对比冻结前后隧道开挖的位移场分布特点。研究表明:随着冻结时间的增加,冻结管周边土体的温度将逐渐降低并发生冻结,出现冻结区域扩大、交圈、冻结帷幕增厚等变化过程;冻结帷幕内的冻土存在未冻结水,随着冻结时间的增加,大多数位置的未冻结水体积含量出现先增大后减小的变化趋势;建议在冻结帷幕两侧下方追加冻结管以保证实际的冻结帷幕达到设计范围,并对冻结管距开挖轮廓线的距离进行差异化设定。     

Dynamic anti-plane interaction between an impermeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium

Wave propagation in an infinite elastic piezoelectric medium with a circular cavity and an impermeable crack subjected to steady-state anti-plane shearing was studied based on Green＇s function and the crack-division technique. Theoretical solutions were derived for the whole elastic displacement and electric potential field in the interaction between the circular cavity and the impermeable crack. Expressions were obtained on the dynamic stress concentration factor （DSCF） at the cavity＇s edge, the dynamic stress intensity factor （DSIF） and the dynamic electric displacement intensity factor （DEDIF） at the crack tip. Numerical solutions were performed and plotted with different incident wave numbers, parameters of piezoelectric materials and geometries of the structure. Finally, some of the calculation results were compared with the case of dynamic anti-plane interaction of a permeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium. This paper can provide a valuable reference for the design of piezoelectric actuators and sensors widely used in marine structures.     

五相混合式步进电动机五边形接法的轻重步现象

介绍了步进电动机单步响应应特性的微机测试系统，研究了五相混合式步进电动机五边形接法的轻重步现象，指出对绕组五边形接法的五相混合式步进电动机，存在着两步一循环的轻重步现象，绕组由4组通电变为5相通电时为一重步，绕组由5相通电变为4相通电时为一轻步，理论分析与实验结果相符。     

列车制动对刚构桥上无缝线路梁轨相对位移的影响研究

基于有限元方法建立桥上无缝线路单层弹簧阻力模型,研究了刚构桥及相邻简支梁桥桥墩纵向水平刚度匹配关系对梁轨相对位移的影响。采用铁路上常用的3种跨度刚构桥进行对比计算分析,结果表明,在刚构桥全桥制动时,刚构桥桥墩纵向水平刚度在一个范围内,梁轨相对位移随着刚构桥相邻两侧简支梁桥桥墩纵向水平刚度的增加先降低后增加;小于该范围时,梁轨相对位移随着简支梁桥桥墩刚度的减小而减小;而大于该范围时,梁轨相对位移变化规律与小于该范围的规律相反;并且该刚度范围随着刚构桥总长度的增加而增大。对于60 m+100 m+60 m的刚构桥,上述范围为1 100¹ 400 kN//(cm·双线);当刚构桥桥墩刚度取定为1 100 kN/(cm·双线),简支梁刚度从800 kN/(cm·双线)降低到400 kN/(cm·双线)时,附加伸缩力降低,梁轨相对位移先降低后增加,采用归一化方法处理数据,得出最优刚度取值为455 kN/(cm·双线)。     

土工格室加筋路堤边坡离心模型试验研究

以边坡高度12 m,坡度为1∶0.75,共铺设土工格室20层,层厚为0.6 m的某二级公路为原型路堤,设计和制作了9组土工格室加筋和1组未加土工格室边坡相似模型,对土工格室加筋边坡变形和破坏力学机理进行了离心模型试验研究。在试验加载过程中,采用位移传感器测量坡顶的变形,通过摄影照相记录边坡破坏全过程。试验发现,土工格室加筋边坡破坏过程可划分为变形、开裂、局部剪切塑性变形和破坏四个阶段。土工格室加筋边坡的破坏模式表现为加筋区的整体破坏,并与未加筋区有明显的分界线。加大格室高度与层厚比和提高格室长度与坡高之比有利于增加边坡的稳定性,但存在一个临界值。填料强度对土工格室加筋边坡的影响十分突出,边坡坡度对其稳定性的影响则不大。     

Parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence for shock resistance of double-stage vibration isolation system with limiters北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］For marine nuclear power plants, the relative displacement of the pump supported by a vibration isolation system should be strictly restricted. In order to improve the shock resistance of a vibration isolation system with displacement limiters, the parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence are studied. ［Methods］The theoretical model of a double-stage vibration isolation system with typical limiter parameters is established, the analysis of the shock response characteristics of the system is carried out using the direct integration method, the optimal limiter parameters are obtained using a genetic algorithm, and the influence of parameter deviation on the shock resistance of the system is studied. ［Results］Limiter parameters significantly affect the shock response characteristics of the vibration isolation system. The optimal limiter parameters improve the shock resistance of the system, but parameter deviation has a great influence on shock resistance. Based on the influence of parameter deviation, a deviation control strategy is proposed in which the elastic parameter should have a positive deviation and the gap parameter a negative deviation. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively alleviate the shock resistance degradation caused by deviation.［Conclusions］The results of this study can be used to guide the design, manufacturing and variation control of limiters for vibration isolation systems. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

Experimental and numerical analysis of a tanker side panel laterally punched by a knife edge indenter

The paper presents finite element simulations of a small-scale stiffened plate specimen quasi-statically punched at the mid-span by a rigid indenter, in order to examine its energy absorbing mechanisms and fracture. The specimen, scaled from a tanker side panel, is limited by one span between the web frames and the stringers. The paper provides practical information to estimate the extent of structural damage within ship side panels during collision accidents. Moreover, the results of this investigation should have relevance to evaluate grounding scenarios in which the bottom sustains local penetration. This is possible since the structural arrangement of the double hull and the double bottom of tanker vessels is very similar. The experimentally obtained force–displacement response and shape of the deformation show good agreement with the simulations performed by the explicit LS-DYNA finite element solver. The numerical analysis includes aspects of particular relevance to the behaviour of ship structures subjected to accidental loads which could give rise to difficulties in interpreting finite element calculations. In particular, the paper comments on the material nonlinearities, the importance of specifying the precise boundary conditions and the joining details of the structure. The considerable practical importance of these aspects has been the focus of attention in previous publications of the authors which evaluate the experimental-numerical impact response of simple ship structural components, such as beams and plates. Therefore, this paper uses the definitions proposed in those references to evaluate its applicability in the scaled tanker side panel, as an example of a more complex ship structure.     

小净距隧道群中夹岩水平位移规律的现场实测研究

以福建省平潭综合实验区龙兴岭隧道为工程背景,对小净距隧道群开挖过程中的现场实测数据展开细致分析,重点关注中夹岩的水平位移规律。外侧中夹岩的深度累加位移曲线呈现“V”字形,随着掌子面推进,曲线发生朝向开挖隧道侧的水平偏移,并在开挖至测孔断面后达到最大值。外侧中夹岩的时间累计位移曲线呈现“D”字形,且在隧道上方软弱地层中,发生朝向开挖隧道侧的明显水平偏移。内侧中夹岩先发生朝向先行洞侧的偏移,后回弹并逐渐趋于稳定。中夹岩变形是时空效应共同作用的结果,开挖明显影响范围一般为监测断面前后8 m。     

隧道“关门”塌方原因的力学分析及预防对策

为向施工技术管理人员解释隧道初期支护随施工的应力变化规律,进而找出发生“关门”塌方的原因,首先说明“关门”塌方发生时的施工状况,一般采取钢架+锁脚锚杆+喷射混凝土的支护结构,塌方时松散荷载已形成; 然后按荷载-结构模型,在初期支护承担全部设计荷载的条件下,通过施工三台阶法对上、中、下3个断面采取结构力学力法分别进行内力计算及承载能力分析。结果表明: 在围岩完全松散的极限情况下,上台阶绝对安全,中台阶基本安全,下台阶开挖尤其是仰拱开挖时塌方的风险极高。针对上述问题提出预防“关门”塌方的相应对策。结论认为采取钢架+锁脚锚杆+喷射混凝土的支护形式,支护结构处于极限应力平衡状态,很容易破坏而造成隧道坍塌。