沈大高速公路路面使用性能养护综合评价模型的研究

以沈阳至大连高速公路路况普查的数据为基础，考虑路面性能参数的概率分布特性，建立了高速公路沥青路面使用性能养护综合评价模型，并通过产例将其与国内外模型进行了对比分析，验证了其实用性。然后通过进一步研究建立了此模型与养护经济费用的关系，找出了路面养护费用增长的敏感阶段，建立基于路况综合评价的路面养护优先级别，为高速公路养护优先排序提供了一个简捷的参考方法，最后应用马尔可夫过程建模方法，建立了路况综合评价随时间衰变的概率预测矩阵，使之可供养费用分析之用，通过以上研究，此模型可为高速公路沥青路面的养护评价，养护对策的优先排序，养护资金的优化决策分析提供参考。     

关于城市地下快速路排水系统设计若干问题的探讨

城市地下快速路是一种新型的道路形式。对地下快速路排水系统的主要设计原则、设计标准的选取进行了论述。结合实际工程经验,对雨废水收集系统、雨废水泵房的设计和防汛设计等进行了详细介绍,可为类似工程设计提供参考。     

浅谈沥青混合料配合比优化设计

该文结合实际工程,介绍了其沥青混合料配合比的优化设计。通过对邵永高速公路工程沥青路面中面层AC-20(C)改性沥青混合料配合比设计的试验,提出对沥青混合料材料的要求、矿料组成、确定用油量等问题的看法,以及对沥青混合料配合比设计的优化,从而达到既满足工程质量要求,又降低工程成本的目的。     

高速公路ETC车道车辆通行速度提高途径分析和研究

针对高速公路电子不停车收费（ETC）系统提升车辆通行速度的需求,首先分析车道布局和交易时间对通行速度的影响,然后研究车道设备、通信设备、通信接口的升级可行性和对通行速度提升的改善程度,最后提出实施高速公路ETC车道提速方案的若干建议,其对于提高高速公路ETC系统的服务质量和运营管理水平有借鉴意义和参考价值。     

Modeling car-following behavior on urban expressways in Shanghai: A naturalistic driving study

Although car-following behavior is the core component of microscopic traffic simulation, intelligent transportation systems, and advanced driver assistance systems, the adequacy of the existing car-following models for Chinese drivers has not been investigated with real-world data yet. To address this gap, five representative car-following models were calibrated and evaluated for Shanghai drivers, using 2100 urban-expressway car-following periods extracted from the 161,055 km of driving data collected in the Shanghai Naturalistic Driving Study (SH-NDS). The models were calibrated for each of the 42 subject drivers, and their capabilities of predicting the drivers’ car-following behavior were evaluated.The results show that the intelligent driver model (IDM) has good transferability to model traffic situations not presented in calibration, and it performs best among the evaluated models. Compared to the Wiedemann 99 model used by VISSIM®, the IDM is easier to calibrate and demonstrates a better and more stable performance. These advantages justify its suitability for microscopic traffic simulation tools in Shanghai and likely in other regions of China. Additionally, considerable behavioral differences among different drivers were found, which demonstrates a need for archetypes of a variety of drivers to build a traffic mix in simulation. By comparing calibrated and observed values of the IDM parameters, this study found that (1) interpretable calibrated model parameters are linked with corresponding observable parameters in real world, but they are not necessarily numerically equivalent; and (2) parameters that can be measured in reality also need to be calibrated if better trajectory reproducing capability are to be achieved.     

Probe data-driven travel time forecasting for urban expressways by matching similar spatiotemporal traffic patterns

Travel time is an effective measure of roadway traffic conditions. The provision of accurate travel time information enables travelers to make smart decisions about departure time, route choice and congestion avoidance. Based on a vast amount of probe vehicle data, this study proposes a simple but efficient pattern-matching method for travel time forecasting. Unlike previous approaches that directly employ travel time as the input variable, the proposed approach resorts to matching large-scale spatiotemporal traffic patterns for multi-step travel time forecasting. Specifically, the Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) is first employed to extract spatiotemporal traffic features. The Normalized Squared Differences (NSD) between the GLCMs of current and historical datasets serve as a basis for distance measurements of similar traffic patterns. Then, a screening process with a time constraint window is implemented for the selection of the best-matched candidates. Finally, future travel times are forecasted as a negative exponential weighted combination of each candidate’s experienced travel time for a given departure. The proposed approach is tested on Ring 2, which is a 32km urban expressway in Beijing, China. The intermediate procedures of the methodology are visualized by providing an in-depth quantitative analysis on the speed pattern matching and examples of matched speed contour plots. The prediction results confirm the desirable performance of the proposed approach and its robustness and effectiveness in various traffic conditions.     

Incident detection methods using probe vehicles with on-board GPS equipment

Mobile communication instruments have made detecting traffic incidents possible by using floating traffic data. This paper studies the properties of traffic flow dynamics during incidents and proposes incident detection methods using floating data collected by probe vehicles equipped with on-board global positioning system (GPS) equipment. The proposed algorithms predict the time and location of traffic congestion caused by an incident. The detection rate and false rate of the models are examined using a traffic flow simulator, and the performance measures of the proposed methods are compared with those of previous methods.     

高速公路与地区经济发展

本文讨论了高速公路经济效益的分类框架，效益分析，计算模型，以及高速公路与地区经济发展关系，对产业带、经济影响半径做了简要的论述。笔者在文中首先提出了“高速公路经济盲区”的概念。     

保阜高速公路跨京广铁路转体桥称重试验研究

在转体前对转动体进行称重试验,测试转动体部分的不平衡力矩、偏心距、摩阻力矩及摩擦系数,为桥梁转体阶段的决策和施工提供依据。     

全断面注浆止水大断面暗挖技术

轨道交通亦庄线亦庄火车站,站后出入段线暗挖工程为单洞12.7 m宽大断面暗挖施工,且下穿京津高速公路,沉降控制严格,不允许进行降水。在这种条件下采取全断面注浆暗挖施工,在国内也没有十分成熟的施工经验。通过施工中的探索和实践,阐述全断面注浆止水、地面补偿注浆控制沉降等方面的内容,并对其效益进行分析评价。