Multilane first-order traffic flow model with endogenous representation of lane-flow equilibrium

In this study, we develop a multilane first-order traffic flow model for freeway networks. In the model, lane changing is considered as a stochastic behavior that can decrease an individual driver’s disutility or cost, and is represented as dynamics toward the equilibrium of lane-flow distribution along with longitudinal traffic dynamics. The proposed method can be differentiated from those in previous studies because in this study, the motivation of lane changing is explicitly considered and it is treated as a utility defined by the current macroscopic traffic state. In addition, the entire process of lane changing is computed macroscopically by an extension of the kinematic wave theory employing IT principle; moreover, in the model framework, the lane-flow equilibrium curve is endogenously generated because of self-motivated lane changes. Furthermore, the parsimonious representation enables parameter calibration using the data collected from conventional loop detectors. The calibration of the data collected at four different sites, including a sag bottleneck, on the Chugoku expressway in Japan reveals that the proposed method can represent the lane-flow distribution of any observation site with high accuracy, and that the estimated parameters can reasonably explain the multilane traffic dynamics and the bottleneck phenomena uphill of sag sections.     

IT外包服务初探

近几年我国IT服务外包产业取得了长足的发展,产业规模不断扩大,也面临许多迫切需要解决的问题.本文对产业现状做了简要分析,对目前市场发展的障碍、以及企业如何寻找优质服务商、服务商从哪些方面提高自身素质,提出了粗浅的认识,对未来倡导IT外包服务业务提出了展望.     

Development of IT industry in China in the new age

The article explains the role and future trend of IT industry, and states that information technology represented by the Internet and computers has brought about the third industrial revolution in history. An important impetus for economic growth in modern times, the IT industry has greatly promoted sustainable development and is profoundly changing mankind's way of life and production. In discussing the development trend of world IT industry, the article suggests that with potential new breakthroughs in information technology, the trend of agglomeration and integration of industries has become increasingly obvious, competition of intellectual properties and standards is intensifying and ubiquitous network is taking shape. It points out that China should bring into better play the role of IT industry as an "amplifier" in economic growth, a "transformer" in development mode and a "propeller" in industrial upgrading. It is important to follow a policy that emphasizes independent innovation, market-driven approach, open and compatible technologies, integrated and comprehensive applications, and serving both military and civil purposes, so that a quantum leap of IT industry will be achieved. China should advance industrialization with information technologies and promote the IT industry in the course of industrialization in an effort to build an IT industry with Chinese characteristics. Greater efforts should be made to develop such core sectors as microelectronics, computer, software, key components and materials, as well as sectors with international competitiveness, including broadband mobile communication, next-generation network and information services. Continued improvement should be made in policies guiding the development of IT industry with a view to making China a country with a strong IT industry by 2020.     

基于三方确认的船员服务资历管理模式

为破解当前服务资历监管难题,文中在梳理关于船员服务资历管理相关法规要求的基础上,针对当前监管中存在的问题,提出了基于三方确认的船员服务资历管理模式。该管理模式充分利用当前信息科学技术,有助于促进船长、公司和海事管理机构三方有效履行职责,更大程度地保证服务资历的真实性。     

基于Markov链的信息安全风险评估模型

风险评估是信息系统安全保证的核心和关键。本文对现有的信息安全风险评估方法进行分析评价,比较包含FTA、FMECA、HazOp等在内的传统风险评估技术和以CORAS为代表的现代风险评估技术,将基于Markov链的评估模型引入到信息系统安全风险评估中,完善了基于模型的信息安全风险评估方法(CORAS)。首先,利用Markov链对信息系统进行建模;其次,构建基于Markov链的风险转移矩阵,定量计算信息系统的安全风险指标;最后,以网上银行信息系统为例进行了数值计算,量化了网上交易任务的风险指标。通过这种风险评估方法,能够确定信息系统中高风险的活动或子系统,为信息安全风险评估工作的开展提供了方法和实践基础。     

信息技术对运输物流业的影响及其对策

文章根据信息技术中的射频识别技术（RFID）和电子数据交换技术（EDI）,阐述了信息技术对运输物流业带来的高效率、高准确性、高安全性、高客户满意度等方面的影响,分析了这些技术也带来的成本增加和产生标准壁垒等一些负面影响,并提出了相应的对策。     

IT25智能中空注浆锚杆支护施工工艺及检测技术

普通中空锚杆在隧道施工中出现了一些问题,文中结合攀枝花-田房(以下简称攀田)高速公路隧道施工,探讨了IT25智能中空注浆锚杆的施工工艺及检测技术,为相似地质条件下隧道工程施工提供了实用的解决方案.