基于图像识别的轮轨冲角测量系统研究

为了解决机车车辆运行过程中轮轨冲角的连续测量问题,研究基于运动图像识别的轮轨冲角测量原理,提出轮轨冲角测量方法。运用该方法研制了由图像采集系统、同步采集控制系统、图像处理软件等组成的轮轨冲角测量系统,通过连续测量转向架侧架与轨道的夹角和轮对与侧架的夹角计算轮轨冲角。应用该测量方法对DF8B三轴径向转向架机车进行实车线路试验,测得该车径向机构锁定和不锁定两种状态下通过250 m半径曲线时的第一轴和第三轴轮轨冲角变化曲线。     

基于改进Hough变换的车道线检测

针对车道线检测中存在的诸多问题,在道路图像预处理的基础上,对Canny算子中的双阈值选取进行改进,能够自适应精确提取车道线边缘特征,并利用带极角约束的Hough变换完成直线检测.算法能够在不同道路环境中准确检测车道线标识,降低光照等因素对车道线检测结果的影响.     

桔皮鲜映性仪用于面漆的外观改善

简述桔皮鲜映性仪的基本原理,并借助桔皮鲜映性仪,对客车面漆外观进行改善。     

方形波导的图像传输特性

对方形波导的图像传输问题进行了理论分析与探讨,推导出其自成像周期,并借助于数值方法模拟其图像传输特性.结果表明:二分之一自成像周期截面具有成反像的特性;四分之一自成像周期截面可成四个自成像,其他位置的图像与输入位置的图像依次关于y轴、原点和x轴对称.     

危旧桥加固改造工程中纵向加宽缝处理方法探讨

文章介绍了危旧桥加固改造工程中结构分离、刚性连接及铰接连接等桥梁纵向加宽缝处理方法的优缺点及应用情况,提出了一种结构分离法处理桥梁纵向加宽缝的新措施。     

Road traffic conditions in Kenya: Exploring the policies and traffic cultures from unstructured user-generated data using NLP

Road traffic accidents (RTA) are a prevalent cause of fatality with African countries having the highest fatality index (25–34 per quota). The World Health Organization estimates Kenya's fatality rate due to RTA at 28 per quota. From literature, the country's fatality and injuries have increased by 26% and 46.5%, respectively, since the year 2015. The country is faced with incomplete RTA data capturing, hindering effective planning and policy adjustments to curb the menace. In this paper, we scrapped user-generated data (Twitter) and national transport and safety authority's (NTSA) reports to shed light on traffic safety, practices, and cultures in the country. To this end, we gathered 1,000,000 tweets and 8000 speeding entries between 2015 and 2021 and performed natural language processing (NLP) and quantitative study of the data. We applied NLP and n-gram search of keywords to categorize data into 8 topics: traffic, public service vehicle (PSVs), policing, accident, infrastructure, recklessness, robbery, and corruption. From the data, policing, which touches on all police and law-enforcement-related activity was found to be highly correlated with PSVs, recklessness, accidents, traffic congestion, robbery, infrastructure, and corruption with indices of r(76) = 0.92, 0. 91, 0.87, 0.82, 0.81, 0.76, and 0.70, respectively with p < 0.001. The topic modeling confirmed the identified topics to be the latent discussion issues affecting the public. From the study, PSVs, policing and traffic flow were isolated as key issues that ought to be addressed immediately. The research recommended the integration of driver monitoring systems to strengthen policing. The research, which utilized unstructured data, points to the utility of data mining which would greatly benefit traffic research, particularly African-based studies, that suffer from data inadequacy.     

无人驾驶技术中红外图像识别准确率的实验研究

在无人驾驶领域中,提升无人驾驶安全性、丰富无人驾驶适用环境是提高无人驾驶系统的自动化程度的重要研究内容。文章首先分析了对于适用不同红外波段的车载红外成像辅助设备的选择问题,基于其面对复杂环境的可用性为选择依据,得出了短波红外成像设备优良性能的结论。同时针对现有红外图像成像质量的问题,基于Matlab应用相关图像的增强算法进行图像处理,在图像清晰度方面,采用了拉普拉斯算子、中值滤波等处理方法解决相应问题并获得了改良后的图像,实现对相机输出图像的增强。     

Interactive image-based information visualization for aircraft trajectory analysis

Objectives: The objective of the presented work is to present novel methods for big data exploration in the Air Traffic Control (ATC) domain. Data is formed by sets of airplane trajectories, or trails, which in turn records the positions of an aircraft in a given airspace at several time instants, and additional information such as flight height, speed, fuel consumption, and metadata (e.g. flight ID). Analyzing and understanding this time-dependent data poses several non-trivial challenges to information visualization.Materials and methods: To address this Big Data challenge, we present a set of novel methods to analyze aircraft trajectories with interactive image-based information visualization techniques.As a result, we address the scalability challenges in terms of data manipulation and open questions by presenting a set of related visual analysis methods that focus on decision-support in the ATC domain. All methods use image-based techniques, in order to outline the advantages of such techniques in our application context, and illustrated by means of use-cases from the ATC domain.Results: For each considered use-case, we outline the type of questions posed by domain experts, data involved in addressing these questions, and describe the specific image-based techniques we used to address these questions. Further, for each of the proposed techniques, we describe the visual representation and interaction mechanisms that have been used to address the above-mentioned goals. We illustrate these use-cases with real-life datasets from the ATC domain, and show how our techniques can help end-users in the ATC domain discover new insights, and solve problems, involving the presented datasets.     

火焰图像的数字化探讨

探讨了火焰图像的数字化处理,通过运用数字图像处理技术和光学辐射理论,实现了火焰图像的轮廓、结构和图像参数的提取,同时分析了火焰温度场的三维结构问题,并对轴对称火争提出了一种简化算法。     

Coastal Resources as an Engine of Economic Growth and Reduction of Poverty in West Africa: Policy Considerations

This article synthesizes lessons and outcomes from the second international Coastal Zone Asia-Pacific conference (CZAP) on “Improving the Quality of Life in Coastal Areas,” held in Brisbane in September 2004. The conference theme was chosen as a follow-up from the first CZAP that identified priority actions in response to the increasing recognition of social issues in coastal management, particularly those aiming to improve the state of the coastal areas in the Asia-Pacific region. The second CZAP explored the “quality of life” theme by placing emphasis on rectifying coastal poverty, sustaining livelihoods, and protecting cultural heritage. Mechanisms to address these issues were explored through international agreements, participatory research, capacity building, and education, as well as the continuing need for integrated planning, environmental management, and effective monitoring and evaluation. A post-conference survey showed that the second CZAP resulted in 122 initiatives (82 underway and another 40 planned) to progress the improvement of quality of life in coastal areas. These initiatives ranged from the establishment of a unit that is responsible for river basin and coastal zone management by the Thua Thien Hue provincial government in Vietnam, to a collaborative on-ground livelihoods project between NGOs, government, and financial institutions on coastal zone management facilitated by the Asian Development Bank. However, the authors argue that two key challenges for ICM in the Asia-Pacific region remain. These challenges relate to the effective monitoring and evaluation of ICM initiatives, as well as matching future ICM initiatives to emergent priority areas.