Buderus组合磨床磨削质量问题的解决

针对ｕｄｅｒｕｓ组合磨床投产一段时期后，齿轮加工质量不稳定的状况，对机床主轴精度，夹具，砂轮的安装、平衡、修整及冷却进行了检查与调整；并对内孔磨削参数和面 改进；从而使锥面圆度、内孔圆柱度得以稳定，且在公差范围内。     

富水砂卵石地层矩形顶管机的研究及应用——结合成都川大下穿人民南路人行通道工程

以成都川大下穿人民南路人行通道矩形顶管项目为依托,对富水砂卵石地层矩形顶管机关键技术进行研究。1)为探索同平面多刀盘联合开挖矩形断面技术,采用ANSYS Workbench有限元仿真分析方法对刀盘结构进行优化,得出:刀盘采用箱体式4辐条结构外加大圆环支撑形式,可满足强度需求的同时有效提高刀盘开口率。2)研究针对大粒径卵石的双螺旋输送机排渣技术,利用ANSYS仿真分析对螺旋叶片厚度进行优化,通过工业性试验表明:大直径、大节距螺旋叶片设计可有效提高卵石地层的排渣效果,实现450 mm粒径卵石的顺利排出。3)采用正交试验对掘进过程中渣土改良工艺进行研究,获得适应该地层的渣土改良方案。     

A real-time posture monitoring method for rail vehicle bodies based on machine vision

Monitoring vehicle operation conditions has become significantly important in modern high-speed railway systems. However, the operational impact of monitoring the roll angle of vehicle bodies has principally been limited to tilting trains, while few studies have focused on monitoring the running posture of vehicle bodies during operation. We propose a real-time posture monitoring method to fulfil real-time monitoring requirements, by taking rail surfaces and centrelines as detection references. In realising the proposed method, we built a mathematical computational model based on space coordinate transformations to calculate attitude angles of vehicles in operation and vertical and lateral vibration displacements of single measuring points. Moreover, comparison and verification of reliability between system and field results were conducted. Results show that monitoring of the roll angles of car bodies obtained through the system exhibit variation trends similar to those converted from the dynamic deflection of bogie secondary air springs. The monitoring results of two identical conditions were basically the same, highlighting repeatability and good monitoring accuracy. Therefore, our monitoring results were reliable in reflecting posture changes in running railway vehicles.     

Data-driven train set crash dynamics simulation

Traditional finite element (FE) methods are arguably expensive in computation/simulation of the train crash. High computational cost limits their direct applications in investigating dynamic behaviours of an entire train set for crashworthiness design and structural optimisation. On the contrary, multi-body modelling is widely used because of its low computational cost with the trade-off in accuracy. In this study, a data-driven train crash modelling method is proposed to improve the performance of a multi-body dynamics simulation of train set crash without increasing the computational burden. This is achieved by the parallel random forest algorithm, which is a machine learning approach that extracts useful patterns of force–displacement curves and predicts a force–displacement relation in a given collision condition from a collection of offline FE simulation data on various collision conditions, namely different crash velocities in our analysis. Using the FE simulation results as a benchmark, we compared our method with traditional multi-body modelling methods and the result shows that our data-driven method improves the accuracy over traditional multi-body models in train crash simulation and runs at the same level of efficiency.     

基于多尺度核独立元分析与核极限学习机的柴油机故障诊断

为提高柴油机故障诊断速度和精度,提出了基于改进多尺度核独立元分析与量子粒子群优化核极限学习机的故障诊断方法。首先利用固有时间尺度分解对缸盖振动信号进行多尺度时频分解,并根据故障敏感度参数筛选有效分量以实现振动冲击特征增强;然后利用核独立元分析消除有效分量间的频带混叠,分离故障敏感频带,并提取各频带的AR模型参数、多尺度模糊熵和标准化能量矩构造联合故障特征向量;最后建立基于量子粒子群优化的核极限学习分类器实现柴油机故障诊断。试验结果表明,该方法有效增强了缸盖振动信号中的故障敏感特征,提高了柴油机故障诊断速度和精度,故障分类准确率达到98.45%。     

基于小波变换的补偿电容故障自动识别方法

针对当前高速综合检测车中,信号检测系统自动化水平较低、需要凭借人工经验检查故障等问题,提出一种基于小波变换的补偿电容故障自动识别方法。该方法首先对补偿电容检测数据进行降噪处理,然后对降噪处理后的数据进行脉冲识别,最后自动识别出补偿电容失效位置,从而达到补偿电容故障自动识别的目的。实验结果表明,该方法能满足现场使用需求。     

基于机器学习的地铁轨道几何劣化规律个性化建模研究

较高的轨道平顺性是保障地铁列车安全舒适运行的基础,准确掌握地铁轨道的劣化规律对保障轨道质量具有重要意义。根据地铁线路特点,选择影响地铁轨道质量劣化的7类异质性因素,给出赋值模型,并基于机器学习方法建立轨道质量指数(track quality index,TQI)短时预测前馈神经网络模型。为了验证模型,采集了北京地铁1号线的线路设备数据及2016年8月15日至2019年2月18日间的17次TQI检测数据,形成训练数据集和测试数据集,并采取深度学习技术,利用训练数据集对该模型进行训练。基于测试数据集的模型预测值的可决系数为0.938,平均绝对百分比误差为4.80%,结果表明该模型是有效的且具有较高的预测精度。     

智能牵引供电系统现场试验评估技术研究

智能化是高速铁路牵引供电系统未来发展趋势,信息高度共享、智能化程度更高的AT牵引供电系统才能保证高速铁路安全、可靠、舒适的运营。智能牵引供电系统在信号采集和传输方式上的变革,使得变电所内控制、保护以及电流、电压信号均以数字信号方式在网络中传递,传统的测试手段都不再适用。以智能牵引变电所模型为基础,致力于解决智能牵引供电系统现场试验评估困难的问题。通过分析现有智能牵引供电系统检测标准和方法,结合智能牵引变电所评估基本原理和传统测试经验,提出供电系统运行参数测试和短路试验的方法,对符合IEC61850协议的多种类型网络报文进行试验数据解析和重构,从而形成一套有效的智能牵引供电系统现场试验评估方法,对智能牵引供电系统验收试验具有参考意义。     

直流电动转辙机动作电流的智能分析

微机监测系统可以采集并记录道岔动作过程电流的变化情况。人工分析时可以根据波形特点定性判断道岔状态。为实现定量分析,提出了分3个阶段分析电流波形的基本方法。介绍了计算机进行智能分析的基本分析方法和流程,强调了智能分析的重要性。这是信号专家系统关于道岔状态分析的方案。     

石太客运专线双线整孔箱梁架设施工技术

结合石太客运专线双线整孔箱梁的架设方案,介绍了该工程采用的架设设备和架设工艺,并重点介绍了箱梁架设各工序的注意事项和安装支座的冬季压浆等关键施工技术,对同类工程有参考意义。