考虑最短距离作业的港口拖轮作业调度优化

为了合理调度拖轮作业,有效提高拖轮的利用率,减少船舶等待时间,针对拖轮作业特点,用多处理器任务调度理论分析了拖轮作业调度问题.在考虑拖轮最短距离作业的前提下,以最小化最大完工时间为优化目标建立了拖轮作业调度模型.采用演化策略算法对拖轮作业调度问题进行优化,提出了一种基于轮盘赌概率分配的编、解码方法,并设计了三点交叉互换的重组算子和个体基因交叉互换的变异算子.算例结果表明:用演化策略算法的优化结果优于仿真结果和粒子群算法的计算结果.采用实数编码时,通过优化算法得到的最大完工时间最小值为356 min,比仿真结果减少了117 min;而采用整数编码时,最大完工时间最小值为369 min,比仿真结果减少了104 min.验证了最短距离作业原则的有效性.     

模拟退火算法在供应链生产调度中的应用

研究一个简单供应链中的生产调度问题,目的是找到一个合理生产排序使得单位时间的成本最小,建立该问题的单目标非线性规划模型。运用模拟退火算法,结合邻域搜索进行求解,最后举例验证算法的有效性。     

CTC条件下铁路客运站股道运用决策支持系统

结合车站自律机、联锁系统、客运站股道运用技术作业及其要求,设计了基于分散自律控制原则的系统模型、功能与体系结构。运用现代排序理论,构建了股道运用实时调整可控排序模型和耦合模型,提出了基于合成分派规则的三步算法与股道运用通用启发式算法,求解股道运用系列决策问题,解决铁路行车及调车作业之间的干扰问题,并开发了CTC条件下铁路客运站股道运用决策支持系统。分析结果表明:合成分派规则的平均优化解明显优于基本分派规则的平均优化解,合成分派规则EDD+FIFO获得的解最优;实时调整时宜直接采用合成分派规则,尤其是规则EDD+FIFO,求解耦合问题时应综合考虑各种分派规则。可见,系统的功能、性能和技术指标均能满足股道运用智能编制和实时调整的现实需求。     

移动模架在船闸钢筋砼整体式闸室墙体施工中的设计和应用

结合连云港港疏港航道新沂河枢纽沂北船闸工程,简要介绍了移动模架在船闸闸室墙一次成型施工中的特点,着重阐述贝雷片组合式移动模架的结构设计和应用要点。     

基于禁忌搜索算法求解车间作业调度问题

考虑了一个有限经济批量和交货时间计划的车间作业调度问题.在这条供应链上包含两个大的部门(生产加工部门和组装部门);多种工件首先需要经过加工部门多个车间的加工,然后送到组装部门组装成为成品;目标是如何组织安排各种工件在各个车间的各个机器上的加工顺序和加工开始时间使得此供应链上单位时间内的运输费,组装费和存储费用最小.此问题是一个NP难问题,为了找到满意解,本文利用禁忌搜索算法来解决此问题,并用MATLAB软件编写求解此问题的算法程序.从算法的数值试验过程来看,禁忌搜索的效率和效果均令人满意.     

基于随机需求的城市公交车辆调度问题的研究

在公交车辆调度问题上,考虑到公交调度中客流需求的不确定因素,引入随机需求调度模型及其相关概念,然后对优化模型进行实例求解,结果证明该模型是可行的。     

有限经济批量和排序问题的模拟退火搜索算法

采用模拟退火算法,解决一个简单供应链中经济批量和排序问题。在这个供应链中,单一的一个生产系统要生产多种产品来满足装配系统的需求,假定参数、产品的需求率、生产率、整备时间和费用都是给定的常数。目标是求解最优的生产批量和排序,使得整个供应链中单位时间的库存、运输的总费用最小。     

Analyzing the theoretical capacity of railway networks with a radial-backbone topology

In this work we propose a mechanism to optimize the capacity of the main corridor within a railway network with a radial-backbone or X-tree structure. The radial-backbone (or X-tree) structure is composed of two types of lines: the primary lines that travel exclusively on the common backbone (main corridor) and radial lines which, starting from the common backbone, branch out to individual locations. We define possible line configurations as binary strings and propose operators on them for their analysis, yielding an effective algorithm for generating an optimal design and train frequencies. We test our algorithm on real data for the high speed line Madrid–Seville. A frequency plan consistent with the optimal capacity is then proposed in order to eliminate the number of transfers between lines as well as to minimize the network fleet size, determining the minimum number of vehicles needed to serve all travel demand at maximum occupancy.     

The cost of equity: Assessing transit accessibility and social disparity using total travel cost

Social equity is increasingly incorporated as a long-term objective into urban transportation plans. Researchers use accessibility measures to assess equity issues, such as determining the amount of jobs reachable by marginalized groups within a defined travel time threshold and compare these measures across socioeconomic categories. However, allocating public transit resources in an equitable manner is not only related to travel time, but also related to the out-of-pocket cost of transit, which can represent a major barrier to accessibility for many disadvantaged groups. Therefore, this research proposes a set of new accessibility measures that incorporates both travel time and transit fares. It then applies those measures to determine whether people residing in socially disadvantaged neighborhoods in Montreal, Canada experience the same levels of transit accessibility as those living in other neighborhoods. Results are presented in terms of regional accessibility and trends by social indicator decile. Travel time accessibility measures estimate a higher number of jobs that can be reached compared to combined travel time and cost measures. However, the degree and impact of these measures varies across the social deciles. Compared to other groups in the region, residents of socially disadvantaged areas have more equitable accessibility to jobs using transit; this is reflected in smaller decreases in accessibility when fare costs are included. Generating new measures of accessibility combining travel time and transit fares provides more accurate measures that can be easily communicated by transportation planners and engineers to policy makers and the public since it translates accessibility measures to a dollar value.     

地理信息系统中数据库间数据交换技术的研究

鉴于地理信息系统中数据交换信息量巨大,提出利用数据交换通信平台(DECP)作为中间层,来实现异构数据库之间的数据传输和交换。DECP由数据访问层、业务逻辑层、安全代理、数据传送代理、客户代理、消息层、事务管理器七个部分组成。DECP所采用的关键技术是基于代理的安全技术、系统调度、异构数据库的访问和事务的调度和管理。